Deck 11: Spleen

Question 1

Splenomegaly may result from all of the following except:

A) trauma.
B) congestion.
C) subphrenic abscess.
D) collagen vascular disease.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which one of the following is the most common clinical presentation in patients with a splenic hamartoma?

A) Asymptomatic
B) Epigastric pain
C) Abdominal pain
D) Right upper quadrant pain.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A spleen that has migrated from its normal location is termed a(n):

A) accessory spleen.
B) wandering spleen.
C) ectopic spleen.
D) splenomegaly.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which one of the following may cause a splenic rupture?

A) Complicated cyst
B) Infarction
C) Metastatic tumor
D) Hemangioma

Question 5

An abnormal decrease in platelets may be the result of a(n):

A) infection.
B) bone marrow disorder.
C) internal hemorrhage.
D) allergic reaction.

Question 6

In the early stages of sickle cell anemia, the spleen generally appears:

A) atrophied.
B) heterogeneous.
C) enlarged.
D) hyperechoic.

Question 7

Other areas that should be examined when ruling out a splenic rupture include all of the following except the:

A) liver and lesser sac.
B) pericardium.
C) pelvis.
D) renal gutter.

Question 8

What sonographic signs are present in the patient with histoplasmosis?

A) Atrophy
B) Cystic masses
C) Adenomas
D) Bright echoes

Question 9

Splenic infarction is most commonly the result of:

A) cardiac emboli.
B) splenomegaly.
C) splenic trauma.
D) pneumonia.

Question 10

Which one of the following statements about the spleen is false?

A) The spleen lies inferior to the diaphragm.
B) The normal adult spleen measures approximately 7 cm in width.
C) The spleen is located within the retroperitoneum.
D) The spleen lies posterior to the hypochondrium.

Question 11

The spleen is variable in size and is considered to be all of the following except:

A) tetrahedral.
B) pentagonal.
C) triangular.
D) orange segment.

Question 12

All of the following are functions of the spleen except:

A) production of plasma cells.
B) production of lymphocytes.
C) destruction of red blood cells.
D) destruction of white blood cells.

Question 13

Lymph nodes emerge from the splenic hilum and course along the:

A) renal vein.
B) splenic artery.
C) renal artery.
D) splenic vein.

Question 14

Primary tumors that may metastasize to the spleen originate from all of the following structures except the:

A) kidney.
B) ovary.
C) stomach.
D) brain.

Question 15

The splenic vein courses along the posterior border of the:

A) spleen.
B) kidney.
C) pancreas.
D) adrenal gland.

Question 16

Which one of the following statements describes the correct anatomic location of structures adjacent to the spleen?

A) The diaphragm is anterior, lateral, and inferior to the spleen.
B) The fundus of the stomach and lesser sac are medial and posterior to the splenic hilum.
C) The left kidney lies inferior and medial to the spleen.
D) The right adrenal and kidney lie superior to the spleen.

Question 17

When accessory spleens are present, they are usually located:

A) at the inferior margin of the spleen.
B) on the posterior aspect of the spleen.
C) near the hilum of the spleen.
D) near the kidney.

Question 18

The best patient position to evaluate the spleen is:

A) supine.
B) left lateral decubitus.
C) left posterior oblique.
D) right decubitus.

Question 19

The normal sonographic appearance of the splenic parenchyma is:

A) homogeneous and similar to the liver.
B) heterogeneous.
C) hyperechoic compared with the liver.
D) hypoechoic compared with the kidney.

Question 20

The spleen has two components joined at the hilum; they are the ______________ and ______________ components.

A) anterior; posterior
B) superomedial; inferolateral
C) superior; inferior
D) superolateral; inferomedial

Question 21

A chronic disease of unknown causes that involves all bone marrow elements is:

A) thalassemia.
B) polycythemia vera.
C) leukemia.
D) Hodgkin disease.

Question 22

The major function of the spleen is:

A) hematopoiesis.
B) to fight infection.
C) to manufacture leukocytes.
D) to filter the peripheral blood.

Question 23

Massive splenomegaly is most likely the result of:

A) infection.
B) leukemia.
C) myelofibrosis.
D) portal hypertension.

Question 24

Atrophy of the spleen may be found in all of the following except:

A) normal individuals.
B) wasting diseases.
C) sickle cell anemia.
D) cirrhosis.

Question 25

In the adult, splenomegaly is diagnosed when the length of the spleen exceeds _____ centimeters (cm).

A) 11
B) 12
C) 13
D) 14