Deck 12: Pancreas

Question 1

The ___________ passes through a groove posterior to the pancreatic head.

A) common bile duct
B) gastroduodenal artery
C) hepatic duct
D) superior mesenteric vein

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A serum ____________ level of twice normal usually indicates acute pancreatitis.

A) lipase
B) amylase
C) alkaline phosphatase
D) aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The normal dimension of the pancreatic head is usually less than ___________.

A) 3 mm
B) 2-3 cm
C) 2 cm
D) 1 cm

Answer 3

B

Question 4

If the celiac axis is well visualized, the sonographer should move the transducer in the __________ direction to image the pancreas.

A) superior
B) anterior
C) inferior
D) posterior

Question 5

The head of the pancreas is inferior to the _____________ of the liver.

A) right lobe
B) caudate lobe
C) right lateral fissure
D) left lateral fissure

Question 6

The pancreas is found behind the ___________ omental sac.

A) greater
B) inferior
C) superior
D) lesser

Question 7

Which one of the following structures is located in the anterolateral border of the pancreas?

A) Common bile duct
B) Gastroduodenal artery
C) Hepatic duct
D) Superior mesenteric vein

Question 8

Which one of the following veins courses in a sagittal plane and passes posterior to the neck of the pancreas?

A) Splenic
B) Superior mesenteric
C) Inferior mesenteric
D) Main portal

Question 9

An older man with a history of alcoholism is recently diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. His hematocrit and hypotension levels are decreased. Your differential diagnosis should include:

A) hemorrhagic pancreatitis.
B) cholecystitis.
C) pseudocyst.
D) chronic pancreatitis.

Question 10

The tail of the pancreas is located:

A) posterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum.
B) anterior to the left kidney, near the splenic hilum.
C) posterior to the right kidney, near the liver hilum.
D) anterior to the right kidney, near the liver hilum.

Question 11

The splenic artery is considered to be along the _________________ border of the pancreas.

A) superior
B) lateral
C) posterior
D) inferior

Question 12

The normal size of the pancreatic duct at the pancreatic head is less than _____ mm.

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 6

Question 13

The majority of the pancreas lies within which abdominal cavity?

A) Perineum
B) Intraperitoneum
C) Retroperitoneum
D) Pericardium

Question 14

A patient with painless jaundice, weight loss, and a decrease in appetite should be evaluated for:

A) cholecystitis.
B) adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
C) pancreatitis.
D) pancreatic pseudocyst.

Question 15

Which one of the following statements is false?

A) The head of the pancreas is anterior to the inferior vena cava (IVC).
B) The head of the pancreas is superior to the caudate lobe.
C) The uncinate process is posterior to the superior mesenteric vein.
D) The gastroduodenal artery is the anterolateral border of the head.

Question 16

The primary pancreatic duct is the duct of ______________.

A) Santorini
B) Ampulla
C) Vater
D) Wirsung

Question 17

The splenic vein courses along the ____________________ of the pancreas.

A) anterior border
B) superior border
C) posteromedial border
D) inferior posterior border

Question 18

The duct of Santorini is a(n):

A) small accessory duct to the gallbladder.
B) accessory duct to the cystic duct.
C) accessory duct to the pancreas.
D) small opening in the duodenum.

Question 19

What are the microscopic collections of cells within the tissues of the pancreas called:

A) Glucagon cells
B) Islets of Langerhans
C) Insulin
D) Amylase cells

Question 20

The head of the pancreas lies:

A) anterior to the liver.
B) posterior to the aorta.
C) medial to the duodenum.
D) lateral to the inferior vena cava.

Question 21

Clinical signs and symptoms in acute pancreatitis include all of the following except:

A) severe abdominal pain radiating to the back.
B) severe abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder.
C) elevated amylase.
D) nausea and vomiting.

Question 22

The persistence of the dorsal and ventral pancreas with the head encircling the duodenum is called:

A) hypoplasia.
B) cystic fibrosis.
C) agenesis.
D) annular pancreas.

Question 23

In cases of acute pancreatitis, the parenchyma of the pancreas generally appears:

A) homogeneous.
B) echogenic.
C) calcified.
D) hypoechoic.

Question 24

Gallstones are present in 40% to 60% of patients with:

A) chronic pancreatitis.
B) annular pancreas.
C) cystic fibrosis.
D) acute pancreatitis.

Question 25

The exocrine function of the pancreas is performed by the:

A) islets of Langerhans.
B) Cooper ligaments.
C) acini cells.
D) fat between the lobules.

Question 26

What vessel runs posterior to the neck of the pancreas and anterior to the uncinate process?

A) Splenic vein
B) Superior mesenteric vein
C) Gastroduodenal artery
D) Hepatic artery

Question 27

The main pancreatic duct joins the __________ before entering the second part of the duodenum.

A) common bile duct
B) duct of Santolina
C) cystic duct
D) accessory duct

Question 28

A condition that causes increased secretion of thick mucus by the exocrine glands is:

A) cystic fibrosis.
B) fibrocystic disease of the pancreas.
C) diabetes.
D) cystic mucosal disease.

Question 29

A common course of enzyme destruction via the pancreas is fluid accumulation in the:

A) greater omentum.
B) lesser omentum.
C) lesser sac.
D) greater sac.

Question 30

A most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the United States is:

A) colitis.
B) alcohol intake.
C) biliary tract disease.
D) pancreatic malignancy.