Question 1

In friendly communication,policy advocates will:&#10;A)Use debating techniques to prove their point.&#10;B)Engage in hardball negotiations to achieve their outcome.&#10;C)Use conflict reducing techniques to decrease opposition to a proposal.&#10;D)Combine all these approaches as needed.

Accepted Answer

In friendly communication, policy advocates should aim to decrease opposition to their proposal and create a collaborative environment. Therefore, conflict reducing techniques would be the most appropriate approach as they seek to find common ground and compromise rather than focus on proving their point or engaging in hardball negotiations. Combining different approaches may be necessary depending on the situation, but the focus should always be on maintaining a positive and respectful dialogue.

Question 2

In order to assemble a winning strategy,candidates often:&#10;A)Avoid issues they perceive as no-win.&#10;B)Identify issues that resonate with their constituents.&#10;C)Address specific issues but take fuzzy positions.&#10;D)All of these choices.

Accepted Answer

Candidates often use a combination of these strategies to appeal to voters and maximize their chances of winning.

Question 3

What is a grant proposal?&#10;A)A policy proposal.&#10;B)A legislative proposal.&#10;C)A proposal seeking resources and funding.&#10;D)An explanation of the goals of an agency.

Accepted Answer

A grant proposal is a type of proposal that seeks resources and funding, usually from a government or private organization, to support a specific project or program. It outlines the proposed project, its goals, activities, and expected outcomes, as well as a budget and timeline. Grant proposals are often used by nonprofit organizations or researchers to secure funding for their work.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT important to include in a grant proposal?&#10;A)Dramatic cases that prove why the proposal is important.&#10;B)Research and data supporting the proposal.&#10;C)Partnerships and cooperation with other bodies.&#10;D)Names and job titles of staff members.

Accepted Answer

While it is important to mention the roles and responsibilities of staff members who will be involved in implementing the proposal, including their names and job titles may not be necessary. Instead, it is more important to focus on highlighting their qualifications and expertise relevant to the proposal.

Question 5

At the beginning of hardball negotiations,each party will:&#10;A)Test the intentions of the other side.&#10;B)Agree where concessions can be made.&#10;C)State their position.&#10;D)Use veiled or open threats.

Accepted Answer

At the beginning of hardball negotiations, each party typically states their position. This sets the groundwork for the negotiation and allows both sides to understand each other's goals and desired outcomes. Testing the intentions of the other side and using veiled or open threats may also occur, but stating positions is usually the first step. Agreeing on concessions may come later in the negotiation process.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a way to fine-tune a presentation?&#10;A)Use visual aids,such as charts.&#10;B)Memorize it so that you can deliver it verbatim.&#10;C)Use case examples.&#10;D)Elicit audience participation.

Accepted Answer

Memorizing a presentation verbatim can lead to sounding robotic and not connecting with the audience. It is better to have a general outline and speak from the heart, engaging with the audience and using visual aids, case examples, and audience participation to fine-tune the presentation.

Question 7

A friendly negotiation may involve:&#10;A)Brainstorming.&#10;B)Rapid closure.&#10;C)Staking a clear position at the outset.&#10;D)Repeated power struggles.

Accepted Answer

Brainstorming is a collaborative approach that encourages open communication and idea sharing, which is conducive to a friendly negotiation.

Question 8

&#34;Diagnosing&#34; an audience refers to a policy advocate understanding:&#10;A)An audience's beliefs.&#10;B)What motivates an audience.&#10;C)An audience's fears and hopes.&#10;D)All of these choices.

Accepted Answer

Diagnosing an audience involves understanding their beliefs, motivations, fears, and hopes to effectively tailor a policy message.

Question 9

Policy persuaders recognize that coercive messages:&#10;A)Are usually successful in &#34;softening up&#34; opponents.&#10;B)Can be effective,but carry some dangers.&#10;C)Should precede the use of friendly persuasion.&#10;D)Should be used at every opportunity.

Accepted Answer

Coercive messages can be effective, but they also carry the danger of creating resistance or backlash. Therefore, policy persuaders should be cautious in using coercive messages, and consider the potential risks and benefits.

Question 10

Policy debates are more likely to be adversarial if protagonists' positions are shaped by ____________ differences.&#10;A)Political.&#10;B)Economic.&#10;C)Historical.&#10;D)Ideological.

Accepted Answer

Ideological differences refer to differences in beliefs, values, and principles. These differences tend to be deeply held and can lead to strong disagreements and adversarial policy debates. Political, economic, and historical differences may also contribute to adversarial policy debates, but they are not as likely to be as strongly held or deeply ingrained as ideological differences.

Question 11

In combative persuasion,presenters use:&#10;A)Persuasive techniques to modify the opinions of opponents.&#10;B)Stylized techniques to modify the opinions of opponents.&#10;C)Confrontational techniques to modify the opinions of opponents.&#10;D)Instructive techniques to modify the opinions of opponents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In combative persuasion,presenters use:&#10;A)Persuasive techniques to modify...

Question 12

Effective persuaders:&#10;A)Focus on one style of presenting an issue.&#10;B)Incorporate PowerPoint presentations whenever possible.&#10;C)Use a variety of written and interpersonal communications.&#10;D)Focus on spoken communication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Effective persuaders:&#10;A)Focus on one style of presenting...

Question 13

With expert audiences,persuaders should:&#10;A)Move quickly to a specific recommendation.&#10;B)Present an array of perspectives and evidence.&#10;C)Try to appeal to their emotions.&#10;D)Use a confrontational style.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With expert audiences,persuaders should:&#10;A)Move quickly to a...

Question 14

Public speaking allows presenters to:&#10;A)Interact with the audience.&#10;B)Engage the emotions of audience members.&#10;C)Be flexible.&#10;D)All of these choices.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Public speaking allows presenters to:&#10;A)Interact with the...

Question 15

Debate,coercion,and negotiation are examples of:&#10;A)Policy making.&#10;B)Combative persuasion.&#10;C)Agenda building.&#10;D)Coalition building.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Debate,coercion,and negotiation are examples of:&#10;A)Policy making.&#10;B)Combative persuasion.&#10;C)Agenda...

Question 16

Which writing style is most appropriate for a grant proposal?&#10;A)Short and to the point.&#10;B)Technical writing with lots of terminology.&#10;C)Fluent prose that addresses and explains all the issues.&#10;D)A 20-25 page paper that addresses each issue and solution in detail.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which writing style is most appropriate for...

Question 17

Which of the following situations favor an adversarial approach to communication?&#10;A)When the relations between two parties are amicable.&#10;B)When both parties have a fixed initial position.&#10;C)When onlookers do not pressure the parties for an outcome.&#10;D)When mutual concessions are valued.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following situations favor an...

Question 18

Graphic materials in a presentation:&#10;A)Can help capture the attention of an indifferent audience.&#10;B)Allow a presenter to be flexible.&#10;C)Allow a presenter to change their message during the presentation.&#10;D)Are confusing for many audience members.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Graphic materials in a presentation:&#10;A)Can help capture...

Question 19

The advantage of written communication,as opposed to spoken communication is:&#10;A)It allows presenters to interact with the audience.&#10;B)It can be more precise.&#10;C)It can easily be used to appeal to the emotions of the audience.&#10;D)It can be used against an opponent at a later time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The advantage of written communication,as opposed to...

Question 20

In a discussion that follows a substantive format,the lobbyist:&#10;A)Seeks assistance.&#10;B)Solicits information.&#10;C)Uses flattery.&#10;D)Seeks support.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a discussion that follows a substantive...

Deck 9: Presenting and Defending Policy Proposals in Step 5 and Step 6 of Policy Analysis