Deck 23: Circulatory Pathways and the Physiology of Blood Vessels

Question 1

Which arteries are connected to the anterior cerebral arteries by the posterior communicating arteries?

A)Posterior cerebral arteries
B)Vertebral arteries
C)Middle cerebral arteries
D)Basilar arteries

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which statement is false?

A)Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood.
B)The pulmonary circuit ends in the left atrium.
C)Gas exchange takes place in the capillary beds.
D)The pulmonary trunk splits to form the right and left pulmonary veins.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of these factors does not affect blood pressure?

A)Cardiac output
B)Oxygen level
C)Peripheral resistance
D)Blood volume

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which are the primary arteries that supply the majority of the oxygenated blood to the brain?

A)Internal carotid arteries
B)Subclavian arteries
C)Vertebral arteries
D)Common carotid arteries

Question 5

What is blood pressure?

A)Movement of lungs forcing blood toward the heart
B)Force exerted on the blood vessels by the blood
C)Quantity of blood in the body
D)Quantity of blood flowing through the heart

Question 6

Why is arterial blood pressure higher than venous?

A)Arteries have more smooth muscle.
B)Arteries need more oxygen.
C)Arteries are closer to the heart and its force.
D)Arteries have valves that prevent backflow of blood.

Question 7

When the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein fuse, what is the name of the new vessel?

A)Inferior mesenteric vein
B)Inferior vena cava
C)Hepatic portal vein
D)Celiac trunk

Question 8

What force draws water back into the capillary bed?

A)Atmospheric pressure
B)Allostatic pressure
C)Hydrostatic pressure
D)Osmotic pressure

Question 9

Which blood vessel drains into the brachial vein?

A)Brachiocephalic vein
B)Ophthalmic vein
C)Radial vein
D)Femoral vein

Question 10

At the arteriole end of the capillary bed, the ________ is highest.

A)hydrostatic pressure
B)osmotic pressure
C)allostatic pressure
D)atmospheric pressure

Question 11

Which blood vessel branches off of the femoral artery?

A)Axillary artery
B)Brachiocephalic artery
C)Popliteal artery
D)Superior phrenic artery

Question 12

If there is a drop of blood in the left internal carotid artery, which vessel would it enter next if it is going to the left eye?

A)Facial artery
B)Left common carotid artery
C)Occipital artery
D)Left ophthalmic artery

Question 13

Where does the pulmonary circuit of the heart begin?

A)Right atrium
B)Right ventricle
C)Lungs
D)Pulmonary trunk

Question 14

What structure in the fetus allows blood to flow from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta?

A)Ductus arteriosus
B)Foramen ovale
C)Ductus venosus
D)Foramen rotundum

Question 15

If there is a drop of blood in the descending abdominal aorta, which vessel would it enter next if it is going to the tibialis anterior muscle?

A)Popliteal artery
B)Common iliac artery
C)External iliac artery
D)Anterior tibial artery

Question 16

What structure carries oxygenated blood to the fetus?

A)Cerebral artery
B)Umbilical vein
C)Ductus arteriosus
D)Umbilical artery

Question 17

Which would be a typical blood pressure for a man?

A)50/40 mm Hg
B)120/80 mm Hg
C)85/120 mm Hg
D)220/100 mm Hg

Question 18

What structure in the fetus allows blood to directly flow from the right atrium to the left atrium?

A)Ductus venosus
B)Ductus arteriosus
C)Foramen ovale
D)Foramen rotundum

Question 19

What mechanism facilitates the exchange the nutrients, gases, and wastes in a capillary bed?

A)Phagocytosis
B)Junctioning
C)Opsonization
D)Diffusion

Question 20

What does the basilar artery branch into next?

A)Internal carotid artery
B)Vertebral arteries
C)Anterior communicating artery
D)Cerebral arterial circle

Question 21

Identify the vessel labeled "d."

A)Posterior communicating artery
B)Basilar artery
C)Anterior communicating artery
D)Internal carotid artery

Question 22

Which statement correctly describes the function of the pulmonary artery?

A)The pulmonary artery carries blood to be oxygenated in the lungs.
B)The pulmonary artery returns oxygenated blood to the heart.
C)The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
D)The pulmonary artery brings oxygen and nutrients to the lung tissue.

Question 23

A newly absorbed amino acids enters which of the following vessels leading to the hepatic portal veins?

A)Superior mesenteric vein
B)Gastric veins
C)Inferior vena cava
D)Central vein

Question 24

What term labels the sounds made by the blood when blood flow resumes after it has been cut off briefly by a blood pressure cuff?

A)Korotkoff sounds
B)Ventricular gallop
C)Vasodilation
D)Viscosity

Question 25

Which vessels branch from the subclavian artery and fuse to form the basilar artery to deliver blood to the brain?

A)Internal carotid arteries
B)Middle cerebral arteries
C)Ophthalmic arteries
D)Vertebral arteries

Question 26

Blood leaving the aorta enters which of the following vessels leading to the left forearm?

A)Left subclavian artery
B)Descending aorta
C)Left common carotid artery
D)Right subclavian artery

Question 27

Alternate, interconnecting arterial routes that supply the brain with oxygenated blood form via which of the following processes?

A)Anastomosis
B)Portal circulation
C)Bulk flow
D)Cerebral arterial circle

Question 28

What vessel will nutrient blood enter after leaving the small intestine but before entering the superior mesenteric vein?

A)Hepatic vein
B)Hepatic portal vein
C)Venules
D)Inferior vena cava

Question 29

Identify the vessel labeled "g."

A)Anterior cerebral arteries
B)Vertebral arteries
C)Posterior cerebral arteries
D)External carotid arteries

Question 30

Identify the structure labeled "c."

A)Left pulmonary veins
B)Left lobar arteries
C)Right pulmonary veins
D)Right ventricle

Question 31

What is systole?

A)Pressure in the veins
B)Contraction phase of the heart
C)Pressure in the arteries
D)Relaxation phase of the heart

Question 32

Blood leaving the pulmonary trunk enters which of the following vessels prior to reaching the left lung?

A)Left pulmonary artery
B)Left pulmonary veins
C)Right lobar arteries
D)Superior vena cava

Question 33

Which structure is the adult remnant of the umbilical vein?

A)Fossa ovalis
B)Ligamentum venosum
C)Ligamentum arteriosum
D)Ligamentum teres

Question 34

What happens to blood pressure after exercise?

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Fluctuates until it equalizes
D)Drops dramatically

Question 35

Identify the structure labeled "h."

A)Pulmonary trunk
B)Pulmonary arteries
C)Left atrium
D)Right lobar arteries

Question 36

What structure carries deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta/mother?

A)Umbilical vein
B)Ductus arteriosus
C)Umbilical artery
D)Foramen ovale

Question 37

Blood draining the right leg enters which of the following vessels before reaching the inferior vena cava?

A)Right external iliac vein
B)Superior vena cava
C)Radial vein
D)Mesenteric vein

Question 38

What structure diverts oxygenated blood from the fetal liver directly to the fetal inferior vena cava?

A)Umbilical artery
B)Ductus arteriosus
C)Ductus venosus
D)Foramen ovale