Deck 4: Intellectual Disabilities

Question 1

All of the following are criteria for a diagnosis of intellectual disability except _____.

A)deficits in adaptive behavior
B)concurrent sensory disabilities
C)significantly subaverage intelligence
D)manifestation during the developmental period

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A person's adaptive behavior is usually assessed by _____.

A)interviewing someone who knows the person well
B)administering a written test
C)watching a person perform specific tasks
D)interviewing the person

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following exemplifies learned helplessness?

A)Ayden listens to the teacher as she gives directions.
B)Brenda asks for help when she does not understand how to solve a math problem.
C)Colleen counts on her fingers to multiply 4 × 9 because she does not know the answer.
D)Darla has studied for a spelling test but she refuses to write any of the words the teacher dictates as she fears making an error.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The difference between the AAIDD and the IDEA definitions of intellectual disabilities is _____.

A)the impact on adaptive behavior is considered only in the AAIDD definition
B)the AAIDD definition considers functioning within the context of the environment
C)the effect on intellectual functioning is mentioned only in the IDEA definition
D)manifestation during the developmental period, or before age 18 years, is not a part of the AAIDD definition

Question 5

IQ tests are useful for all of the following purposes except _____.

A)predicting school achievement
B)measuring a hypothetical construct
C)determining objectives for an IEP
D)identifying overall deficits in cognitive functioning

Question 6

All of the following are environmental causes of intellectual disabilities except _____.

A)poverty
B)child abuse
C)diseases or syndromes
D)chronic sensory deprivation

Question 7

The difference in the prevalence rates of intellectual disabilities is largely due to _____.

A)differences in poverty rates
B)differences in parental education
C)differences in availability of services
D)differences in criteria used for identification

Question 8

Which of the following best represents a deficit in adaptive behavior?

A)Three-year-old Joey is afraid of the dark.
B)Two-year old Darrell cannot tie his shoes.
C)Twelve-year-old Chandler cannot cross the street without assistance.
D)Fourteen-year-old Rodney calls his friend a sissy for wearing a hat in cold weather.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of learned helplessness and outer-directedness?

A)They may be caused by frequent failure.
B)They are often seen as a lack of motivation.
C)They often result from dependency on other people.
D)They are an inherent characteristic of intellectual disabilities.

Question 10

The two most common genetic causes of intellectual disabilities are _____.

A)Down syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
B)Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome
C)Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and Tay-Sachs disease
D)Prader-Willi syndrome and PKU

Question 11

Social deficits displayed by students with intellectual disabilities include all of the following except _____.

A)inability to recall names
B)poor communication skills
C)inability to recognize emotional states of others
D)unusual or inappropriate behavior during social interactions

Question 12

Early researchers suggested that students with intellectual disabilities have ability about as well as people without disabilities in _____.

A)long-term memory retention
B)metacognition
C)short-term memory
D)working memory

Question 13

Which of the following statements about IQ tests is NOT true?

A)IQ test scores tend to be static.
B)Intelligence tests can be culturally biased.
C)Intelligence testing is not an exact science.
D)IQ tests measure performance at one point in time.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about attention and students with intellectual disabilities is most accurate?

A)They have a great capacity for sustained attention.
B)They are typically slower to attend to relevant features of a task.
C)They are more likely to focus on complex tasks rather than simple ones.
D)They have little difficulty coming to attention and focus immediately when a stimulus grabs their attention.

Question 15

During the 2012-2013 school-year, what percentage of school-aged children received special education services under the disability category of intellectual disabilities?

A)6)7%
B)7)8%
C)10.1%
D)12.4%

Question 16

Which of the following statements about challenging behaviors and students with intellectual disabilities is true?

A)The challenging behaviors displayed are caused by mental illness.
B)Students with mild intellectual disabilities rarely display challenging behaviors.
C)Students with severe intellectual disabilities generally exhibit fewer challenging behaviors.
D)Students with severe intellectual disabilities generally display a higher incidence of challenging behaviors.

Question 17

Tony is a typically developing student in preschool. He learned to discriminate between a circle and a triangle in 3 trials. His classmate, Jay, has an intellectual disability. How many trials might Jay require to perform the same task?

A)3
B)10
C)30
D)50

Question 18

Which of the following is the best example of self-determination?

A)Frances refuses to take a consumer math class because she hates math.
B)Gina asks to ride the bus to town with her cousin so she can learn to use public transportation.
C)Holly decides to leave school during lunch period to celebrate a friend's birthday at a restaurant.
D)Janelle decides to ride to school with her mother because her mother says the students on the bus are too wild

Question 19

Marvin is a second grade student with a moderate intellectual disability. His teachers claim that his gnome costume for Halloween was perfect for him. They say that he is always happy and that he never meets a stranger. Recently his teacher had to stop him from leaving the classroom with a man who had come to fix the computer. Marvin displays characteristics of a person with _____.

A)PKU
B)fragile X syndrome
C)Prader-Willi syndrome
D)Williams syndrome

Question 20

An intellectual disability is usually defined by an IQ that falls at or below _____.

A)70
B)80
C)90
D)100

Question 21

Which of the following students would NOT need training in recruiting teacher attention?

A)A shy student who rarely asks questions.
B)A student who rushes through the task before the teacher finishes explaining.
C)A student who asks appropriate subject-oriented questions.
D)A student who displays a disruptive manner.

Question 22

A new test for genetic abnormalities that can be done as early as 5 weeks into the pregnancy is done by _____.

A)performing an ultrasound
B)examining maternal serum
C)detecting fetal DNA and RNA in the mother's bloodstream
D)removing chorionic tissue

Question 23

Breaking down complex skills into smaller subskills or steps to make learning easier is known as _____.

A)task analysis
B)applied learning
C)direct instruction
D)programmed instruction

Question 24

Which of the following statements about self-determination is least accurate?

A)Self-determination cannot be taught to students in elementary or middle school.
B)Self-determination entails a complex set of skills.
C)Self-determination is a lofty goal.
D)Self-determination is both a goal and a means for achieving other goals.

Question 25

Who was the first person to develop methods for educating people with intellectual disabilities?

A)Edgar Doll
B)Jean Itard
C)Bengt Nirje
D)Lewis Terman

Question 26

Which of the following is a maternal screening test, administered during weeks 8 to 10, that can identify pregnancies at risk for a disorder associated with intellectual disabilities?

A)Amniocentesis
B)Maternal serum (AFP)alpha-fetoprotein
C)Chorionic villi sampling
D)Tandem mass spectrometry

Question 27

Explain why using only IQ scores as a factor in diagnosing ID is not appropriate.

Question 28

Which question is critical for teachers in determining which skills to include in a functional curriculum?

A)Will it be learned in the next grade?
B)Will learning this knowledge/skill be frustrating?
C)Will this skill make the student more acceptable to peers without disabilities?
D)Will failure to learn the knowledge or skill result in negative consequences?

Question 29

Which of the following strategies is least likely to promote successful inclusion for students with intellectual disabilities?

A)Peer tutoring
B)Common recess time
C)Collaborative learning
D)Direct training in social skills

Question 30

Which of the following students would be identified as having difficulty with generalization of learning?

A)Billy can tie his sneakers but not his dress shoes.
B)Keelee can add three-digit numbers but she can't subtract them.
C)Jacob has learned how to read music but he refuses to help his brother learn it.
D)Melvin has learned to write his name in cursive at school, so he wants to write it at home and at church.

Question 31

Explain the presumed cause of mild ID when there is no biological factor evident. Explain the term and provide an explanation for this environmental factor.

Question 32

During the practice stage of learning, feedback for students with intellectual disabilities should _____.

A)be given after every response
B)be given after every correct response
C)emphasize the correct rate of skill performance
D)emphasize the accuracy and form of the student's response during performance

Question 33

What are some important considerations and questions for a teacher when developing a functional curriculum for a student with ID?