Deck 8: Health Behaviors: Eating, Being Active, Smoking and Drinking

Question 1

As the number of overweight and obese people increases, the prevalence of problems such as ______ also increases.

A)gallbladder disease
B)high blood pressure
C)heart disease
D)All of these are true

Answer 1

All of these are true

Question 2

African Americans have higher rates of ______ than those from other ethnic backgrounds.

A)Alzheimer's disease
B)breast cancer
C)smoking
D)hypertension

Answer 2

hypertension

Question 3

A body mass index between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be ______.

A)anorexic
B)overweight
C)the appropriate weight
D)morbidly obese

Answer 3

overweight

Question 4

Based on the Nurses' Health Study, women with body mass index of ______ showed the lowest mortality rates.

A)18-20
B)25-30
C)19-21
D)30-35

Question 5

In 2008, a few years after it was introduced, MyPyramid released ______.

A)a modified version for older adults
B)diet ideas for those who wish to lose weight
C)a separate picture for vegans and for vegetarians
D)two stairways in its design to designate that we are always going up and down with our nutrition

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE?

A)As of 2011, there was a new pictorial that shows a plate of types of food people should eat.
B)Although there are food guidelines suggesting types and amount of foods to eat each day, there are none available for different cultural groups.
C)The newest pictorial of what we should eat is a pyramid.
D)Research showed that the Food Guide Pyramid was easy to understand and was appealing because it never needed to be updated.

Question 7

According to Chinese and East Indian cultures, garlic, onions, most grains, alcohol, and oils are all ______.

A)cold foods
B)energy foods
C)hot foods
D)Qi foods

Question 8

The intense fear of gaining weight, disturbed body image and refusal to maintain normal weight are common symptoms/characteristics of ______.

A)binge eating disorder
B)bulimia nervosa
C)anorexia nervosa
D)somatoform disorder

Question 9

Women who choose a larger body size as their ideal weight are ______.

A)Chinese American
B)European American
C)Puerto Rican
D)African American

Question 10

The U.S.Department of Agriculture's guidelines for healthy eating were first established in ______.It consisted of five major food groups

A)1776
B)1916
C)1850
D)2005

Question 11

Having more varieties of food present often leads to the consumption of more food.This phenomenon is referred to as ______.

A)protein leptin theory
B)hypersatiation
C)sensory specific satiety
D)the selection effect

Question 12

In general, what are the psychological effects of exercise?

A)It decreases depression, but increases anxiety.
B)It decreases anxiety, but has no effect on depression.
C)It has no effect on self-esteem, but decreases anxiety.
D)It increases self-esteem and decreases depression.

Question 13

Which of the following has been linked to obesity?

A)the ob gene
B)high serotonin levels
C)high melatonin levels
D)high leptin levels

Question 14

The Chinese believe that pregnancy is a "cold" condition during which the expectant mother should ______.

A)eat "cold" foods such as ice cream and cheese
B)eat both "hot" and "cold" foods
C)consume "hot" foods such as oils and expensive cuts of meat
D)foods high in fat

Question 15

Who is most likely to be obese?

A)Lakesha, a 9-year-old African-American girl
B)Jerome, a 12-year-old African-American boy
C)Cyndi, a 42-year-old African-American woman
D)Charlene, a 42-year-old European-American woman

Question 16

Which of the following is an innate food preference?

A)sour
B)sweet
C)bitter
D)umami

Question 17

In all regions of the U.S., ______ men have the lowest odds of obesity.

A)White
B)Hispanic
C)Black
D)Asian

Question 18

The 2011 version of the nutritional guidelines for Americans, called MyPlate, specifies that half of the plate be composed of ______.

A)protein, such as eggs
B)fruits and vegetables
C)whole grains
D)meat and/or nuts

Question 19

This group of women is found to have higher body dissatisfaction than other groups of women.

A)African Americans
B)Latinas
C)women of Asian descent
D)European American

Question 20

Which of the following is FALSE?

A)Humans are born with a preference for sweet and sour foods.
B)Foods used as rewards become preferred.
C)People from different cultures have different preferences regarding the preferred position of the main course and how items should be organized.
D)Sociocultural factors have been shown to predict preferences for unhealthy foods.

Question 21

Volume of oxygen (VO2) a person uses during different tasks is a common measure of ______.

A)aerobic fitness
B)risk of arteriosclerosis
C)cross-training fitness
D)agility

Question 22

A growing number of studies support the idea that physical exercise is a lifestyle factor that might lead to increased ______.

A)rates of aging because of wear and tear
B)physical and mental health
C)anxiety as a result of social comparison, especially in health club settings
D)routine health care exams

Question 23

Which of the following is the least active subgroup in American society?

A)low socioeconomic men
B)minority men
C)adolescent males
D)minority women

Question 24

The recommendation for exercise for adults is that they should ______.

A)accumulate 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity or 75 minutes of high-intensity activity per week
B)do the same amount of exercise per week as children and adolescents: at least two hours a week
C)do aerobic activity for one hour each day
D)do some form of weight bearing exercise for 30 minutes a day and 15 minutes of aerobic activity every day

Question 25

Smoking trends show that most age groups, except for the following, are reducing the amount of smoking.

A)14-18
B)25-42
C)18-24
D)43-55

Question 26

Janel scores high in the personality traits of ______.Therefore, she is more at risk of becoming an alcoholic.

A)neuroticism and conscientiousness
B)extraversion and optimism
C)neuroticism and extraversion
D)pessimism and self-esteem

Question 27

The ______ paradox refers to the finding that rates of heart disease are lower in this country than in other industrialized countries, despite the fact that they eat more fatty foods.

A)Spanish
B)Polish
C)French
D)Japanese

Question 28

Lower sensitivity to alcohol (not feeling shaky on their feet after drinking) can ______.

A)significantly decrease the potential to be an alcoholic
B)make an individual not want to bother to drink at all
C)drive addicts to utilize other forms of intoxicants
D)lead a person to drink greater amounts

Question 29

Women who smoke and use oral contraceptives have an increased risk of ______.

A)esophageal cancer
B)ovarian, cervical or uterine cancers
C)breast cancer
D)pancreatic cancer

Question 30

______ is the most common form of alcohol used.

A)Wine
B)Beer
C)Hard liquor
D)Champagne

Question 31

Which of the following is TRUE?

A)Fraternal twins have higher concordance rates for both alcohol use and misuse than monozygotic twins because the latter try to develop very different identities.
B)The proportion of current drinkers that binge is highest in the 22- to 30-year-old group.
C)There is evidence that the media and advertising play a role in getting people to start drinking.
D)People with friends who drink are no more likely to drink than those whose friends do not drink.

Question 32

______ is the leading cause of preventable cause of death in the United States.

A)Alcohol abuse
B)Smoking
C)Poor diet
D)Lack of exercise

Question 33

Which of the following is important in explaining why tobacco relapse rates are higher than drinking relapse rates?

A)There are more support groups for people with alcohol problems than for people with nicotine addiction.
B)behavioral cueing
C)social acceptance of nicotine
D)greater availability of e-cigarettes

Question 34

When smokers were given cigarettes that they did not know had lower levels of nicotine, they automatically ______.

A)took fewer puffs because it was not as pleasurable to them
B)puffed longer
C)looked at those in the area to determine if it was normative to smoke
D)started shaking because they were experiencing symptoms of withdrawal

Question 35

Of the different cultural groups in North America, ______ have been found to have higher rates of eating disorders than many of the others.

A)European Americans
B)African Americans
C)Chinese Americans
D)Latino Americans

Question 36

Which of the following statements about culture and eating disorders is FALSE?

A)most assessment tools used in the eating disorders literature have been validated only on samples of European Americans.
B)Eating disorders are primarily a European-American problem.
C)Cultures vary in ideal body shape perceptions.
D)Asian American women have the lowest rates of eating disorders among the major ethnic groups in the U.S.

Question 37

Alcohol abuse is ______.

A)defined as drinking five or more drinks in a row at least once during the previous two weeks
B)higher in men than in women
C)characterized by having at least one alcohol-related legal problem
D)about the same in prevalence for men and women

Question 38

Which of the following is FALSE?

A)Smoking correlates positively with impotence.
B)Smoking has a synergistic effect on many health issues.
C)Among women undergoing treatment for early breast cancer, those who smoke are more likely to die from the cancer than are nonsmoking women.
D)Teen girls who smoke have an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer before they reach menopause.

Question 39

The highest pronounced differences in smoking are racial and ethnic.The Centers for Disease Control (2012) reported that the group with the highest rates of smoking is ______.

A)Native American
B)Mexican American
C)Asian America
D)African American

Question 40

Physical activity reduces ______.

A)anxiety
B)illnesses and physician visits
C)binge eating
D)bulimia

Question 41

Although genetic factors are related to drinking, there is no research linking personality characteristics to alcoholism.

Question 42

Marlon has a BMI of 42, so he would be considered ______.

A)slightly underweight
B)of average weight
C)overweight
D)morbidly obese

Question 43

Asian Americans have the highest rates of smoking.

Question 44

Studies have NOT found any particular diet to be successful over the long run.

Question 45

Drinking a glass of wine each day has been correlated with ______.

A)lower risk for mortality than those who drink spirits or beer
B)lower self-esteem compared to those who do not drink regularly
C)higher mortality for women, but lower mortality for men
D)a higher risk of having cardiovascular problems

Question 46

Eating disorders have been reported in nearly every area of the world.

Question 47

According to recent guidelines, each of us should take part in at least moderate-intensity physical activity on most days of the week.

Question 48

______ is one of the most common consequences of drinking excessively for older drinkers.

A)Colon cancer
B)Alzheimer's disease
C)Liver disease
D)Tinnitus

Question 49

Less than 20% of smokers understand the harmful effects of smoking, especially those from urban environments.

Question 50

Current empirical evidence on the effects of alcohol suggest that ______.

A)underage drinkers face a greater risk of damage to the temporal regions of the brains than do older adults
B)wine is the most commonly consumed alcoholic beverage
C)alcohol reduces the risk of coronary heart disease by raising LDL cholesterol
D)moderate daily alcohol consumption can have positive health outcomes

Question 51

The odds of smoking are greater for older women who ______.

A)are widowed
B)earn more money because they are more likely to be able to afford this habit
C)do not live near family members
D)have less income and lower education

Question 52

Recent research shows that children will prefer healthy meals over unhealthy ones if the healthy meal has a toy related to a movie with it.

Question 53

Pima Indians in rural Mexico are more likely to be obese (based on the BM) than Pima Indians in the U.S.

Question 54

Which of the following individuals would be most likely to smoke?

A)Paolo, a Native American
B)Lamont, an African American
C)James, an Asian American
D)Scott, a European American

Question 55

Jessica is a female of Latino descent who follows the traditions of her cultural heritage.She avoids hot foods during pregnancy because pregnancy is considered to be a "hot" condition, believing that this will prevent the infant from contracting a "hot" illness, such as a skin rash.

Question 56

Which of the following is FALSE regarding research on alcohol?

A)Children of alcoholics are no more likely to drink than their counterparts whose parents are not alcoholics because they fear the negative effects that they have seen growing up.
B)People whose friends drink are more likely to drink than those whose friends are nondrinkers.
C)Research has shown that the media and advertising play a part in getting people to start drinking.
D)People with certain genes are more sensitive to alcohol.

Question 57

The ______ gene, which codes for the protein leptin, was one of the first genes linked to obesity.

A)ob
B)CD4
C)APOE
D)BRCA1

Question 58

If there are six different types of snack foods on the table, people will eat less than if there were only four different types were available.

Question 59

The French paradox refers to the fact that ______.

A)the French have higher rates of heart disease than people in other Western countries such as the U.S.and Canada even though they are less likely to be obese
B)most people in France have a diet high in fat, yet still have lower rates of heart disease
C)the French are more likely to eat a Mediterranean diet, yet they have higher rates of heart disease than those in the U.S.
D)most people in France eat many more meals per day than people in the U.S., yet still have lower rates of obesity

Question 60

Recent research on the "Freshman Fifteen" found that ______.

A)the majority of college students gain 15 pounds their freshman year
B)an overall increase in weight during the first year of college occurred, but it was under five pounds in each of the studies
C)the majority of college students lose 15 pounds their freshman year because of the stress of this major life transition
D)males, but not females, gained 15 pounds during their first year of college

Question 61

Biological, psychological, and sociological factors influence whether people smoke.Choose two of these factors and discuss one research finding to support each theoretical perspective.

Question 62

Describe the characteristics of one eating disorder.Mention whether there are any ethnic differences in prevalence rates.

Question 63

What are some of the cultural beliefs held by diverse cultures concerning the types of food that should be consumed during pregnancy?

Question 64

What has research found about the "freshman fifteen"?

Question 65

Using research evidence, discuss how obesity has both a genetic component and an environmental component.