Question 1

A 21-year-old female is infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) following unprotected sexual intercourse with a male she recently met. She is now at higher risk of developing which of the following cancers?

A) Cervical
B) Ovarian
C) Endometrial
D) Vulvar

Cervical

Accepted Answer

HPV infection is strongly associated with cervical cancer. While it is possible for HPV to increase the risk of other gynecological cancers, cervical cancer is the most strongly associated with this infection.

Question 2

A 30-year-old female with newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is being counselled by her OB-GYN. The physician indicates that this condition often results in:&#10;A) ovarian cancer.&#10;B) infertility.&#10;C) early menopause.&#10;D) pelvic inflammatory disease.

Accepted Answer

PCOS is commonly associated with infertility due to anovulation or irregular ovulation, which is a hallmark of the condition.

Question 3

An 18-year-old female is diagnosed with dysmenorrhea. Which of the following symptoms will she most likely experience?&#10;A) Absence of menstruation&#10;B) Painful menstruation&#10;C) Unusually long menstrual period&#10;D) Menstrual irregularity

Accepted Answer

Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation, which is a common menstrual disorder in young women. It is characterized by cramping pain in the lower abdomen, lower back pain, and discomfort during menstruation. A is incorrect because absence of menstruation is known as amenorrhea. C is incorrect because an unusually long menstrual period is known as menorrhagia. D is incorrect because menstrual irregularity is known as oligomenorrhea or metrorrhagia.

Question 4

The most commonly occurring cancer of the female reproductive tract is _____ cancer.&#10;A) cervical.&#10;B) ovarian.&#10;C) endometrial.&#10;D) fallopian.

Accepted Answer

Endometrial cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer of the female reproductive tract, with approximately 60,000 new cases diagnosed annually in the United States. While cervical and ovarian cancer are also common, they do not occur as frequently as endometrial cancer. Fallopian tube cancer is rare.

Question 5

During a routine pelvic examination, a 34-year-old female is found to have an ovarian cyst containing skin, hair, cartilage, and bone. This cyst is classified as a _____ cyst.&#10;A) follicular&#10;B) dermoid&#10;C) corpus luteal&#10;D) micro

Accepted Answer

A dermoid cyst, also known as a mature cystic teratoma, is a type of ovarian cyst that can contain various types of tissues such as skin, hair, cartilage, and bone.

Question 6

A 35-year-old nonpregnant female presents with breast discharge and is diagnosed with galactorrhea. The condition is most likely caused by:&#10;A) infection.&#10;B) prolactin imbalance.&#10;C) tissue injury.&#10;D) cancer.

Accepted Answer

Galactorrhea is most commonly caused by a prolactin hormone imbalance, usually due to a benign prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor (prolactinoma) or medication side effects. Infection, tissue injury, and cancer can also cause breast discharge but are less common causes of galactorrhea.

Question 7

A 38-year-old female was recently diagnosed with cancer. She learns that her mother almost miscarried while pregnant with her and was given diethylstilbestrol (DES) to prevent it. Which of the following cancers does she most likely have?

A) Endometrial
B) Vaginal
C) Cervical
D) Uterine

Accepted Answer

The use of DES during pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of vaginal cancer in female offspring. Other cancers associated with DES exposure include cervical and uterine cancer, but vaginal cancer has the strongest association. Endometrial cancer is not typically associated with DES exposure.

Question 8

A 20-year-old female presents with pelvic and back pain severe enough to miss work beginning with the onset of menses. Physical examination supports the diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea. What is the most likely cause of her condition?

A) Lack of estrogen
B) Stress
C) Elevated prostaglandins
D) Poor nutrition

Accepted Answer

Primary dysmenorrhea is commonly caused by elevated levels of prostaglandins, which lead to increased uterine contractions and pain during menstruation.

Question 9

The nurse would anticipate the treatment for pelvic organ prolapse to be:&#10;A) insertion of a urinary catheter.&#10;B) a pessary.&#10;C) dietary fibre.&#10;D) urinary antispasmodics.

Accepted Answer

A pessary is a device that is inserted into the vagina to support the pelvic organs. It is a common treatment for pelvic organ prolapse.

Question 10

Which of the following signs is usually the first clinical manifestation of breast cancer?&#10;A) Dimpling&#10;B) Nipple discharge&#10;C) Chest pain&#10;D) A painless lump

Accepted Answer

A painless lump is usually the first sign of breast cancer that is detectable through self-examination or mammography. Dimpling, nipple discharge, and chest pain may also be signs of breast cancer, but they usually occur later in the disease process.

Question 11

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with endometriosis. Suppressing which of the following would be the most appropriate medical treatment for this disease?&#10;A) Infection&#10;B) Ovulation&#10;C) Prostaglandins&#10;D) Fertilization

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with endometriosis....

Question 12

A 40-year-old female presents with cramping and excessive vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound reveals benign uterine tumours in the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium. These tumours are commonly called:&#10;A) adenomyosis.&#10;B) endometriosis.&#10;C) leiomyomas.&#10;D) adenomas.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 40-year-old female presents with cramping and...

Question 13

A 23-year-old sexually active female presents with white copious discharge and itch and is diagnosed with yeast vaginitis. This condition is caused by overgrowth of which micro-organism?&#10;A) Escherichia coli&#10;B) Lactobacillus acidophilus&#10;C) Candida albicans&#10;D) Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 23-year-old sexually active female presents with...

Question 14

Which of the following conditions contribute to dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)&#10;B) Obesity&#10;C) Thyroid disease&#10;D) Hepatitis&#10;E) Excessive exercise

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following conditions contribute to...

Question 15

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with ovarian cancer. CT scan reveals that the cancer is limited to the ovaries. It would be classified as stage:&#10;A) I.&#10;B) II.&#10;C) III.&#10;D) IV.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with ovarian...

Question 16

What is the descent of the bladder and the anterior vaginal wall into the vaginal canal called?&#10;A) Rectocele&#10;B) Varicocele&#10;C) Cystocele&#10;D) Urethrocele

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the descent of the bladder...

Question 17

A 25-year-old female presents with amenorrhea and hirsutism and is diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). What will laboratory testing most likely reveal?&#10;A) Estrogen deficit&#10;B) Genetic cancerous mutations&#10;C) Cortisol excess&#10;D) Hyperinsulinemia

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 25-year-old female presents with amenorrhea and...

Deck 33: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System