Deck 40: Alterations of Musculo-Skeletal Function in Children

Question 1

Which type of scoliosis accounts for the majority of cases seen?

A) Idiopathic
B) Infectious
C) Iatrogenic
D) Secondary

Answer 1

Idiopathic

Question 2

Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease affects which of the following joints?

A) Vertebral
B) Shoulder
C) Hip
D) Knee

Answer 2

Hip

Question 3

A 9-month-old male was diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). This disease is caused by errors in the synthesis of:

A) elastin.
B) glycoproteins.
C) collagen.
D) calcium salts.

Answer 3

collagen.

Question 4

A major predictor of poor prognosis for Ewing sarcoma is the:

A) age of onset.
B) size of tumour.
C) presence of metastasis.
D) gender of child.

Question 5

A 6-year-old male presents with fever, pain, swelling, and warmth and is diagnosed with osteomyelitis. In addition to the clinical symptoms, the nurse would expect elevations in which laboratory tests? (Select all that apply.)

A) C-reactive protein
B) White blood cell count
C) Red cell count
D) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
E) Liver enzymes

Question 6

Polyarthritis is a type of juvenile arthritis in which more than _____ joints are affected.

Question 7

Where does Ewing sarcoma originate from?

A) Osteoblasts
B) Epithelial cells
C) The spleen
D) The bone marrow

Question 8

Children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are at high risk for frequent:

A) bone fractures.
B) shoulder dislocations.
C) bone infections.
D) joint injuries.

Question 9

Osgood-Schlatter disease causes inflammation of the:

A) shoulder joint.
B) patellar tendon.
C) elbow ligaments.
D) hip cartilage.

Question 10

A 1-year-old female was diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Which complication must be monitored for?

A) Heart failure
B) Liver failure
C) Aortic aneurysm
D) Pulmonary emboli

Question 11

While performing an assessment of a 2-month-old, the nurse notes a positive Ortolani sign. The nurse would suspect the child has:

A) a hip fracture.
B) hip dysplasia.
C) osteogenesis imperfecta.
D) osteomyelitis.

Question 12

A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Treatment will include:

A) aspirin.
B) antivirals.
C) steroids.
D) chemotherapy.

Question 13

What does the treatment of Osgood-Schlatter disease include?

A) Steroids
B) Restriction from physical activity
C) Intense physiotherapy
D) Knee replacement surgery

Question 14

Osteosarcoma is most likely present in the _____ of long bones.

A) epiphyses
B) metaphyses
C) marrow
D) osteocytes

Question 15

A 13-year-old presents with pain at night, cough, and dyspnea and is diagnosed with a metastasizing malignant bone tumour. The most likely type of tumour is:

A) Nonossifying fibroma
B) Chondrosarcoma
C) Ewing sarcoma
D) Osteosarcoma

Question 16

A 9-month-old was diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). What is the cause of this disease?

A) Uterine teratogens
B) A genetic defect
C) Malnutrition
D) Trauma

Question 17

What test might suggest the diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

A) Decreased serum dystrophin
B) Increased serum myoglobin
C) Increased serum creatine kinase (CK)
D) The presence of troponin 1

Question 18

Incidence of Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease peaks at age ______.

Question 19

When does the onset of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) most often occur?

A) At 3 to 6 months of age
B) In the preschool years
C) At school age
D) During the onset of puberty

Question 20

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has a(n) _____ inheritance pattern.

A) autosomal recessive
B) X-linked recessive
C) Y-linked dominant
D) autosomal dominant