Deck 13: The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What is happening during the phase labeled B?

A) Atrial depolarization
B) Ventricular depolarization
C) Ventricular repolarization
D) AV valve closure

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What is the purpose of precapillary sphincters?

A) They regulate blood flow to the heart.
B) They change the amount of blood flowing into capillary beds.
C) They are muscles that pump blood back to the heart.
D) They contract when the tissues need more oxygen and nutrients.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The flow of blood from the right side of the heart through the lungs and back to the left atrium is called?

A) Pulmonary circulation
B) Coronary circulation
C) Portal circulation
D) Systemic circulation

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which type of circulation sends nutrient rich blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver?

A) Coronary
B) Portal
C) Pulmonary
D) Systemic

Question 5

How do you know this is a picture of a vein?

A) There is a lumen.
B) There is muscle present.
C) There is a valve.
D) It has a thick wall.

Question 6

What is the function of the structure labeled B?

A) It pulls the valves open.
B) It prevents closure of the valves.
C) It prevents the valves from projecting into the atria.
D) It helps push blood from the ventricles into the atria.

Question 7

What is happening during the phase labeled A?

A) Semilunar valve closure
B) AV valve closure
C) Atrial depolarization
D) Ventricular repolarization

Question 8

How do you know this is a capillary?

A) There is a lumen.
B) It has the simplest structure; very thin.
C) There is endothelium.
D) The branching seen here is only found in capillaries.

Question 9

What is the name of the structure that initiates the heartbeat?

A) AV node
B) Purkinje fibers
C) Bundle branches
D) SA node

Question 10

Which of the following structures delays contraction of the heart?

A) Purkinje fibers
B) SA node
C) AV bundle
D) AV node

Question 11

Regarding structure C, where is the blood heading as it passes this structure?

A) Head
B) Lungs
C) Heart
D) Body

Question 12

Which letter identifies the tricuspid valve?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 13

What is the name of the membrane that surrounds the heart?

A) Pericardium
B) Pleurae
C) Peritoneum
D) Synovium

Question 14

How does Starling's law relate to the heart?

A) Our heart beats faster during extreme stress.
B) Blood pressure increases due to contraction of blood vessels.
C) Less oxygen in the blood will increase the heart rate.
D) The heart beats with more force when there is an increase in blood volume returning to the heart.

Question 15

What is the key risk of hypertension?

A) Genetic damage
B) Arrhythmias
C) Organ damage
D) Stroke

Question 16

What is the name of the blood vessels that take blood away from the heart?

A) Arteries
B) Veins
C) Venules
D) Capillaries

Question 17

What causes the characteristic heart sounds that a doctor hears when using a stethoscope?

A) The atria contracting
B) The ventricles contracting
C) The closure of the heart valves
D) The opening of the heart valves

Question 18

What is the name of the structure labeled A?

A) Right atrium
B) Left atrium
C) Right ventricle
D) Left ventricle

Question 19

What is the function of the valves in veins?

A) They act as pumps to move blood forward.
B) Collection area for plaque.
C) Prevention of forward blood flow.
D) Prevention of backward blood flow.

Question 20

Which is the most specific type of circulation that sends oxygen-rich blood to the tissues of the heart?

A) Coronary
B) Portal
C) Pulmonary
D) Systemic

Question 21

Which of the following is a formed element of the blood?

A) Albumin
B) Ions
C) Plasma
D) Platelets

Question 22

The ventricles are thicker than the atria because they must pump blood farther.

Question 23

Which cell is involved in fighting parasitic worms?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 24

What is the name of this procedure?

A) By-pass surgery
B) Placement of a stent
C) Balloon angioplasty
D) Defibrillation

Question 25

Where is the contraction impulse delayed?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 26

The mitral valve is most prone to prolapse, a condition that is more common in women.

Question 27

What type of white blood cell is this?

A) Neutrophil
B) Basophil
C) Eosinophil
D) Monocyte

Question 28

What condition usually develops as a result of congestive heart failure?

A) Aneurysm
B) Hypertension
C) Atherosclerosis
D) Pulmonary edema

Question 29

A weak spot in a blood vessel that could potentially burst is known as a(n):

A) aneurysm.
B) plaque.
C) myocardial infarction.
D) edema.

Question 30

An unknown blood sample is mixed with anti-B agglutinins and it clumps. The same sample is mixed with anti-A agglutinins and it does not clump. The blood is type:

A) A
B) B
C) O
D) AB

Question 31

Hypertension is:

A) also known as a heart attack.
B) high blood pressure.
C) a weak heart.
D) pain in the heart.

Question 32

Which white blood cell attacks parasitic worms?

A) Basophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Lymphocyte
D) Monocyte

Question 33

The component of plasma that maintains the osmotic pressure of blood is:

A) water.
B) electrolytes.
C) protein.
D) nutrients.

Question 34

What type of blood may be given to a person with type O blood?

A) A
B) B
C) O
D) AB

Question 35

The tricuspid valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Question 36

The threads of a blood clot are formed by:

A) thrombin.
B) prothrombin activator.
C) platelet plug.
D) fibrin.

Question 37

A lack of vitamin B12 can cause:

A) HIV.
B) mononucleosis.
C) carbon monoxide poisoning.
D) anemia.

Question 38

What conditions exist during exercise that prompts hemoglobin to drop off its oxygen to the working muscle cells?

A) Low pH and low temperature
B) High pH and high temperature
C) High pH and low temperature
D) Low pH and high temperature

Question 39

Which of the following white blood cells is the largest?

A) Neutrophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Monocyte
D) Lymphocyte

Question 40

Which letter identifies the smooth muscle layer?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 41

Having type AB means, you have both the A and B antigens on your red blood cells.

Question 42

__________________, the first number listed in blood pressure readings, measures the force of the left ventricle contraction.

Question 43

Death of heart muscle due to lack of oxygen is known as ___________________.

Question 44

Hemoglobin is a protein in white blood cells that destroys pathogens like bacteria.

Question 45

A clot that blocks flow to the brain can lead to stroke.

Question 46

If a person sits for a long time, blood may pool in the lower extremities, causing ________ .

Question 47

_________________ is an odorless gas that binds more strongly to hemoglobin than oxygen.

Question 48

The systemic circulation begins with the ______ side of the heart.

Question 49

Unsightly and sometimes painful distensions of venous walls is a condition known as _________________.

Question 50

A(n) __________________ is a graphic representation of the electrical changes during a heartbeat.

Question 51

An early warning sign of an impending heart attack is called ____________.

Question 52

The coronary circulation is actually part of the systemic circulation.

Question 53

Blood slows down in arterioles due to the large cross-sectional area.

Question 54

Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Question 55

___________ and ___________ are examples of blood-borne pathogens.

Question 56

A menstruating woman could become anemic due to too much blood loss.

Question 57

Dietary restrictions, moderate exercise, reducing smoking and drinking, and medications are used to control hypertension.

Question 58

Blood leaves the right side of the heart and enters the ____________________ which then takes it to the lungs.

Question 59

When a blood vessel is damaged, the platelets respond by forming a(n) _______________ which attempts to seal the wound.

Question 60

When plaque blocks a coronary artery, the resulting tissue death leads to a heart attack.

Question 61

Describe the conduction system of the heart.

Question 62

Describe the components and characteristics of plasma.

Question 63

Describe the path of a red blood cell through the heart, pulmonary circuit, and systemic circuit. Mention all valves.