Deck 10: Infectious Disease and Epidemiology

Question 1

What is indicated by the fact that you are covered inside and out with bacteria?

A) Bacteria are taking over.
B) You are going to get sick.
C) Most bacteria are harmless and some are even helpful.
D) You are not clean.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

One use of 16S RNA is to:

A) identify bacteria.
B) identify viruses.
C) identify bacterial shape.
D) determine virulence.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A disease outbreak where the disease is not traditionally found is called:

A) a paradigm
B) a pandemic
C) an epidemic
D) epidemiology

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What kind of human pathogen does the mosquito carry?

A) Prion
B) Virus
C) Fungus
D) Bacteria

Question 5

Which of the following is a way bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?

A) Bacteria incorporate the antibiotic into the cell wall.
B) Bacteria use the antibiotic as an energy source.
C) Bacterium produces enzymes that destroy the antibiotic.
D) Bacterial flagella allow them to escape the antibiotic.

Question 6

Gram positive bacteria appear:

A) red.
B) pink.
C) clear.
D) purple.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a viral disease?

A) Athlete's foot
B) Influenza
C) Mad cow disease
D) Yeast infection

Question 8

A cohort control study is which step in the scientific method?

A) Hypothesis
B) Experiment
C) Analysis
D) Observation

Question 9

Which of the following is a mode of action of antibiotics?

A) Prevention of bacterial invasion
B) Formation of a cell wall
C) Destruction of essential viral metabolic pathways
D) Blockage of DNA and RNA synthesis in bacteria

Question 10

The major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is:

A) prokaryotes have organelles and a nucleus while eukaryotes do not.
B) prokaryotes have unique mitochondria.
C) eukaryotes have organelles and a nucleus while prokaryotes do not.
D) prokaryotes, but not eukaryotes, can perform photosynthesis.

Question 11

What makes it difficult to control the pathogens shown in the figure?

A) Heat is ineffective against the pathogen shown.
B) Humans have this pathogen inside and outside of the body at all times.
C) Vaccines are challenged by the rapid evolution of the pathogens.
D) These pathogens are easily controlled.

Question 12

Which of the following is a description of bacterial shape?

A) Chains of spheres
B) Twisted spheres
C) Chains of twisted rods
D) Cones

Question 13

Identify the pathogen in the picture.

A) Bacteria
B) Virus
C) Prion
D) Protist

Question 14

The United Nations works to vaccinate children in developing nations through:

A) epidemiology.
B) the Center for World Vaccination.
C) the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
D) the World Health Organization.

Question 15

How is TB transmitted between people?

A) Body fluids
B) Direct contact skin to skin
C) Direct injections
D) Airborne droplets

Question 16

Europeans were assisted in their conquest of the Americas by:

A) the European paradigm.
B) the introduction of diseases to native populations.
C) cohort studies.
D) the scientific method.

Question 17

How does the WHO use the map shown here?

A) The map can be used to predict which viruses may attain epidemic proportions.
B) The map can be used to which bacteria may attain epidemic proportions.
C) The map indicates where the most vaccines are given.
D) The map shows the best location for a new WHO office.

Question 18

The letter A in the illustration is best described as:

A) A dormant bacterial infection
B) A dormant viral infection
C) An active bacterial infection
D) An active viral infection

Question 19

An in depth analyses of one patient is called:

A) a cohort study.
B) an outbreak investigation.
C) a pandemic.
D) a case study.

Question 20

What characteristic is used when classifying a bacterium as bacilli or spirochete?

A) Shape
B) Gram-stain
C) Size
D) Genetics

Question 21

The WHO has plans to eradicate this virus using vaccination programs.

A) Polio
B) Measles and West Nile
C) TB and the plague
D) Polio and Measles

Question 22

This virus, which causes flu-like symptoms, can attack the nervous system.

A) Measles
B) Ebola
C) Polio
D) Hantavirus

Question 23

Mad cow disease is caused by:

A) protists.
B) prions.
C) bacteria.
D) fungus.

Question 24

Which of the following is a way to contract HIV?

A) Unprotected vaginal intercourse
B) Visiting a hospital with HIV patients
C) Breathing the air of an infected person
D) Shaking hands with an infected person

Question 25

Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

Question 26

Because there is no cure for AIDS, prevention is the key to controlling its spread.

Question 27

Most bacteria on earth cause human disease.

Question 28

One of the best precautions against infectious disease is handwashing.

Question 29

Why are fungal infections difficult to treat?

A) Fungi have become resistant to antibiotics.
B) Fungi use antibiotics as a fuel source and overgrow.
C) Human and fungal cells are similar.
D) Human and fungal cells are different.

Question 30

Shifts in global climate may trigger the next epidemic of _____ .

A) Influenza
B) Syphilis
C) Typhoid fever
D) Cholera

Question 31

What is AIDS?

A) A series of symptoms associated with a long-term infection by a virus
B) An Incredibly Destructive Subcutaneous fungus
C) A bacterial disease
D) A fungal infection

Question 32

Antibiotic resistant MSRA is a serious health threat.

Question 33

Looking at the transmission pattern is shown here, identify the virus that has caused one of the most frightening epidemics of the twenty first century.

A) Smallpox
B) HIV
C) Ebola
D) Influenza

Question 34

What is the only virus thus far successfully eradicated from the human population?

A) Pneumonia
B) Herpes
C) Smallpox
D) Polio

Question 35

What is labeled A in this picture?

A) Host DNA
B) mRNA
C) Viral cDNA
D) Reverse transcriptase

Question 36

The plague has been eradicated in America thanks to the efforts of the WHO.

Question 37

The flea is the vector for which bacterial disease?

A) TB
B) MRSA
C) Plague
D) AIDS

Question 38

Why has it been difficult to make a vaccine against HIV?

A) The vaccine is too expensive.
B) The vaccine is as dangerous to work with as HIV.
C) The protein coat of an infected cell always looks the same to the immune system.
D) The HIV virus mutates too quickly for a vaccine to be effective.

Question 39

Antibiotics are not as effective at treating bacterial disease as they once were because some strains of bacteria have evolved to resist the action of antibiotics.

Question 40

What is happening in this picture?

A) HIV reverse transcriptase makes a cDNA copy of its genetic information from the viral RNA.
B) The virus attaches to the CD4 receptor of the cell.
C) The attached viral particle injects both viral RNA and reverse transcriptase into the host cell.
D) The host cell begins to manufacture more viral particles.

Question 41

The shape of the bacteria indicated by the letter A in the illustration is described by the term ___________.

Question 42

The only structural level of organization that is correct in a prion is the _____________ structure.

Question 43

Compare and contrast bacteria and virus.

Question 44

One third of the world's population is infected with _________ at any one time.

Question 45

The Spanish flu is considered to have been a __________ since it traveled the globe.

Question 46

The dormant phase of virus infection is called the ______________ cycle.

Question 47

The more virulent form of Influenza is subtype __________.

Question 48

Which of these shapes evolved first? ___________.

Question 49

Describe how epidemiologists use the scientific method.

Question 50

Epidemiologists apply the _______________ to solving epidemics.

Question 51

The plague is caused by a____________.

Question 52

How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?

Question 53

Educating and empowering women is a key strategy in slowing a pandemic that is undoing decades of hard-won economic progress in poor countries.

Question 54

Amoebic dysentery is caused by a prion.

Question 55

Mad cow disease is caused by a _________________.