Deck 8: Pelvis and Hip

Question 1

How many degrees should the feet and lower limbs be internally rotated for an AP pelvis radiograph?

A) 5 to 10 degrees
B) 15 to 20 degrees
C) 20 to 30 degrees
D) 25 to 30 degrees

Answer 1

15 to 20 degrees

Question 2

All of these comprise the hip bone,except:

A) pubis.
B) ischium.
C) ilium.
D) ileum.

Answer 2

ileum.

Question 3

The area identified on the bone shown in this figure is the:

A) posterior inferior spine.
B) lesser trochanter.
C) greater trochanter.
D) intertrochanteric crest.

Answer 3

intertrochanteric crest.

Question 4

Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP hip?

A) The midsagittal plane (MSP)at the level of the ASIS
B) A sagittal plane 2 inches lateral from MSP at the level of the pubic symphysis
C) 2 inches distal on a line drawn perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between ASIS and pubic symphysis
D) A sagittal plane 3 inches medial to the ASIS

Question 5

Which method demonstrates the hip in an axiolateral projection?

A) Hickey
B) Modified Cleaves
C) Danelius-Miller
D) Lauenstein

Question 6

For the AP oblique femoral necks (modified Cleaves method),the central ray is directed _____ degrees.

A) 0
B) 15
C) 35
D) 45

Question 7

Unless contraindicated,the lower limb and leg should be internally rotated for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller).How many degrees of rotation are required?

A) 10 to 15
B) 15 to 20
C) 20 to 25
D) 25 to 30

Question 8

Which of the following methods will demonstrate the hip in a lateral projection?

A) Cleaves
B) Modified Cleaves
C) Danelius-Miller
D) Lauenstein,Hickey

Question 9

The part identified by the arrow in this figure is the:

A) anterior superior iliac spine.
B) posterior superior iliac spine.
C) anterior inferior iliac spine.
D) posterior inferior iliac spine.

Question 10

The bone shown in this figure is the:

A) ilium.
B) ischium.
C) hip bone.
D) pelvis.

Question 11

The aspect of the proximal femur shown in this figure is the:

A) posterior.
B) anterior.
C) lateral.
D) medial.

Question 12

Which of the following will be shown "in profile" if the lower limbs are in correct position for an AP pelvis?

A) Lesser trochanters
B) Greater trochanters
C) Anterior superior iliac spines
D) Anterior inferior iliac spines

Question 13

Which of the following methods will demonstrate the femoral necks in the AP oblique projection?

A) Original Cleaves
B) Modified Cleaves
C) Danelius-Miller
D) Lauenstein,Hickey

Question 14

What is the name of the bone and aspect of the bone in this figure?

A) Hip bone,medial
B) Hip bone,lateral
C) Ilium,anterior
D) Ilium,posterior

Question 15

How much should the thighs be abducted for the AP oblique projection of the femoral necks (modified Cleaves method)?

A) 10 degrees
B) 20 degrees
C) 30 degrees
D) 45 degrees

Question 16

What is the central-ray angle for an AP projection of the hip?

A) 15 degrees
B) 20 degrees
C) 15 to 20 degrees
D) Perpendicular

Question 17

What is the recommended collimated field size for an AP hip?

A) 6 * 6 inches (15 * 15 cm)
B) 8 * 10 inches (18 * 24 cm)
C) 10 * 12 inches (24 * 30 cm)
D) 14 * 17 inches (35 * 43 cm)

Question 18

How many degrees is the lower limb and foot rotated internally for an AP hip?

A) 5 to 10 degrees
B) 12 to 15 degrees
C) 15 to 20 degrees
D) 30 to 35 degrees

Question 19

The central ray for an AP pelvis is directed perpendicular to the center of the IR.The central-ray entrance point will be about _____ inches _____ to the pubic symphysis.

A) 2; superior
B) 3; superior
C) 2; inferior
D) 3; inferior

Question 20

Which projection of the hip is shown in this figure?

A) Lateral
B) Axiolateral
C) Axiolateral oblique
D) Superoinferior

Question 21

Which ramus is labeled with the arrow in this figure?

A) Superior pubic
B) Inferior pubic
C) Superior ischial
D) Inferior ischial

Question 22

How far apart should the heels be placed to internally rotate the lower limbs for an AP pelvis?

A) 1 to 3 inches
B) 4 to 6 inches
C) 8 to 10 inches
D) 12 to 15 inches

Question 23

Where is the central ray directed for the AP oblique projection (modified Cleaves)of the femoral necks?

A) At the pubic symphysis
B) 1 inch superior to the pubic symphysis
C) 1 inch inferior to the pubic symphysis
D) 2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis

Question 24

In the anatomic position,the body of the femur is angled _____ degrees.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 25

The hip joint is a _____ joint.

A) fibrous,gomphosis
B) fibrous,syndesmosis
C) synovial,gliding
D) synovial,ball and socket

Question 26

The SI joint is a _____ joint.

A) synovial irregular,gliding
B) synovial,ellipsoidal
C) cartilaginous,synchondroses
D) cartilaginous,symphysis

Question 27

What is the respiration phase for the AP projection of the pelvis?

A) Full expiration
B) Full inspiration
C) Suspended respiration
D) Shallow breathing

Question 28

The body is placed at what angle for the AP oblique projection (Judet method)of the acetabulum?

A) 45 degrees
B) 50 degrees
C) 40 to 50 degrees
D) 45 to 60 degrees

Question 29

Which of the following projections can be performed with one exposure if a compensating filter is used?

A) AP hip
B) AP oblique ilium
C) AP oblique acetabulum (Judet method)
D) Axiolateral hip (Danelius-Miller method)

Question 30

Where is the IR centered for an AP pelvis?

A) Midway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis
B) At the level of the ASIS
C) At the level of the pubic symphysis
D) 2 inches below the iliac crest

Question 31

The strongest bone in the body is the:

A) femur.
B) pelvis.
C) skull.
D) humerus.

Question 32

What is the recommended exposure field size and orientation for the AP projection of the hip?

A) 10 * 12 inch (24 * 30 cm),crosswise
B) 10 * 12 inch (24 * 30 cm),lengthwise
C) 14 * 17 inch (35 * 43 cm),lengthwise
D) 14 * 17 inch (35 * 43 cm),crosswise

Question 33

What is the central-ray entrance point for the AP oblique projection (Judet method)of the acetabulum?

A) 2 inches superior to the ASIS
B) 2 inches inferior to the ASIS
C) 3 inches superior to the ASIS
D) 3 inches inferior to the ASIS

Question 34

The respiration phase for the axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller)is:

A) inspiration.
B) expiration.
C) suspended respiration.
D) shallow breathing.

Question 35

Which of the following is an important and frequently used radiographic positioning reference point?

A) Acetabulum
B) Ischial spine
C) Anterior superior iliac spine
D) Posterior superior iliac spine

Question 36

How much is the central ray angled for the AP oblique projection (Judet method)of the acetabulum?

A) 0 degrees
B) 10 degrees
C) 12 degrees
D) 15 degrees

Question 37

Flattening of the femoral head due to a vascular interruption is known as:

A) chondrosarcoma.
B) Paget disease.
C) congenital hip dysplasia.
D) Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

Question 38

The angle of the SI joints is _____ degrees relative to the midsagittal plane.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 25 to 30
D) 30 to 35

Question 39

The anatomy indicated by the arrow on this figure is the:

A) pubis.
B) ischium.
C) acetabulum.
D) obturator foramen.

Question 40

A malformation of the acetabulum causing displacement of the femoral head is known as:

A) osteopetrosis.
B) Paget disease.
C) congenital hip dysplasia.
D) Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

Question 41

What anatomy is labeled as letter C in the image below?

A) Iliac crest
B) Ala of ilium
C) ASIS
D) AIIS

Question 42

What anatomy is labeled as letter C in the image below?

A) Acetabulum
B) Femoral head
C) Femoral neck
D) Iliac crest

Question 43

The external oblique position of the AP oblique projection (Judet method)demonstrates the _____ column and _____ rim of acetabulum.

A) iliopubic; posterior
B) iliopubic; anterior
C) ilioischial; posterior
D) ilioischial; anterior

Question 44

What projection and anatomy of interest is depicted in the image below?

A) AP oblique (modified Cleaves),femoral necks
B) AP oblique (Cleaves),femoral necks
C) AP axial (Taylor),anterior pelvic bones
D) AP axial (Bridgeman),pelvic inlet

Question 45

Examine this AP oblique (Judet)image of the right hip obtained with the patient positioned for the internal oblique.What is the anatomy of interest?

A) Anterior acetabular rim and iliopubic column
B) Posterior acetabular rim and iliopubic column
C) Anterior acetabular rim and ilioischial column
D) Posterior acetabular rim and ilioischial column

Question 46

What positioning error is evident in the image below?

A) None.This image meets all evaluation criteria for this projection.
B) The lower limbs were not internally rotated.
C) The lower limbs were not externally rotated.
D) The knees were not flexed to reduce lordotic curve.

Question 47

What projection (method)is demonstrated in the image below?

A) AP oblique (modified Cleaves)
B) Mediolateral (Lauenstein)
C) Axiolateral (Danelius-Miller)
D) AP oblique (Judet)

Question 48

Examine this AP oblique (Judet)image of the right hip obtained with the patient positioned for the internal oblique.What patient position is depicted?

A) 45 degrees RPO
B) 45 degrees LPO
C) 45 degrees RAO
D) 45 degrees LAO

Question 49

What anatomy is labeled as letter A in the image below?

A) Acetabulum
B) Femoral head
C) Femoral neck
D) Greater trochanter

Question 50

Which two of the following describes the central ray for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller)? (Select all that apply.)

A) Perpendicular to the IR
B) 10 to 15 degrees cephalad
C) 10 to 15 degrees caudad
D) Perpendicular to the long axis of the femoral neck

Question 51

What anatomy is labeled as letter H in the image below?

A) Pubic symphysis
B) Obturator foramen
C) Ischial tuberosity
D) Superior pubic ramus

Question 52

The AP axial projection (Bridgeman method)requires that the central ray be directed:

A) perpendicular.
B) 20 to 35 degrees caudad for males; 30 to 45 degrees caudad for females.
C) 40 degrees caudad.
D) 40 degrees cephalad.

Question 53

What anatomy is labeled as letter B in the image below?

A) Acetabulum
B) Femoral head
C) Lesser trochanter
D) Iliac crest