Deck 2: General Anatomy and Radiographic Positioning Terminology

Question 1

All of the following are located in the thoracic cavity except:

A) trachea.
B) spleen.
C) lungs.
D) esophagus.

Answer 1

spleen.

Question 2

A plane passing vertically through the body from side to side is termed:

A) oblique.
B) sagittal.
C) coronal.
D) horizontal.

Answer 2

coronal.

Question 3

The adult skeleton is composed of how many bones?

A) 185
B) 200
C) 206
D) 208

Answer 3

206

Question 4

Any plane passing through the body at right angles to its longitudinal axis is termed:

A) coronal.
B) oblique.
C) sagittal.
D) horizontal.

Question 5

L4 and L5 are located at the level of the:

A) costal margin.
B) superior iliac spine.
C) umbilicus.
D) superior aspect of the iliac crests.

Question 6

S1 and S2 are located at the level of the:

A) costal margin.
B) umbilicus.
C) superior aspect of the iliac crests.
D) anterior superior iliac spines (ASISs).

Question 7

Bones are composed of an outer layer of compact bony tissue called the:

A) compact bone.
B) periosteum.
C) spongy tissue.
D) medullary canal.

Question 8

The lower,center region on this figure is termed the:

A) epigastrium.
B) lumbar.
C) inguinal.
D) hypogastrium.

Question 9

A plane passing through the body parallel with the midsagittal plane is termed:

A) coronal.
B) sagittal.
C) axial.
D) oblique.

Question 10

T9 and T10 are located at the level of the:

A) sternal angle.
B) xiphoid process.
C) jugular notch.
D) vertebra prominens.

Question 11

The least-occurring body habitus is the:

A) hyposthenic.
B) hypersthenic.
C) asthenic.
D) atrophic.

Question 12

All of the following are located in the abdominal cavity except:

A) kidneys.
B) stomach.
C) rectum.
D) pancreas.

Question 13

In the "anatomic position," the palms of the hands are facing:

A) backward.
B) forward.
C) up.
D) down.

Question 14

Which body habitus is shown in this figure?

A) Hypersthenic
B) Hyposthenic
C) Asthenic
D) Atrophic

Question 15

All of the following are types of body habitus,except:

A) atrophic.
B) sthenic.
C) asthenic.
D) hypersthenic.

Question 16

Into how many regions is the abdomen divided?

A) Two
B) Four
C) Six
D) Nine

Question 17

The external landmark indicated by the arrow in this figure is the:

A) mastoid tip.
B) vertebra prominens.
C) gonion.
D) transverse process.

Question 18

How many specific types of synovial joints are there?

A) Three
B) Four
C) Five
D) Six

Question 19

Long bones have a central cylindrical cavity called the:

A) meniscus.
B) periosteum.
C) medullary cavity.
D) spongy tissue.

Question 20

Approximately what percentage of the population has a sthenic body habitus?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 35%
D) 50%

Question 21

Which specific type of joint allows multiaxial movement?

A) Pivot
B) Gliding
C) Ellipsoid
D) Ball and socket

Question 22

All of the following terms are used to describe "body positions," except:

A) upright.
B) axial.
C) prone.
D) LPO.

Question 23

Some synovial joints contain synovial fluid-filled sacs outside the main joint cavity called:

A) bursae.
B) menisci.
C) ligaments.
D) fibrous capsules.

Question 24

The term that may also be used to refer to the posterior surface of the body is:

A) dorsal.
B) ventral.
C) volar.
D) plantar.

Question 25

The term used to describe the sole of the foot is:

A) ventral.
B) posterior.
C) plantar.
D) dorsal.

Question 26

Some synovial joints contain a thick cushioning pad of fibrocartilage called the:

A) bursae.
B) meniscus.
C) cartilage.
D) fibrous capsule.

Question 27

A hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves is called a:

A) groove.
B) foramen.
C) fissure.
D) facet.

Question 28

A rounded process at an articular extremity is called a:

A) condyle.
B) malleolus.
C) tubercle.
D) styloid.

Question 29

If the central ray enters the anterior body surface and exits the posterior body surface,the x-ray projection is termed:

A) PA.
B) AP.
C) lateral.
D) axiolateral.

Question 30

Which of the following is an x-ray "projection"?

A) RPO
B) LAO
C) Dorsoplantar
D) Recumbent

Question 31

The path of the central ray stated as it exits the x-ray tube,travels through the patient and strikes the IR defines:

A) radiography.
B) decubitus.
C) position.
D) projection.

Question 32

The term that refers to parts away from the head of the body,or angling the central ray toward the feet is:

A) caudad.
B) cephalad.
C) medial.
D) proximal.

Question 33

After birth,a separate bone begins to develop at the ends of long bones.Each end is called the:

A) diaphysis.
B) epiphysis.
C) epiphyseal line.
D) epiphyseal plate.

Question 34

The term that refers to parts nearer the point of attachment,or origin,is:

A) distal.
B) proximal.
C) caudad.
D) cephalad.

Question 35

Which of the following is an x-ray "position"?

A) Mediolateral
B) Craniocaudal
C) Orbitoparietal
D) Trendelenburg

Question 36

A term that means the same as anterior is:

A) plantar.
B) distal.
C) dorsal.
D) ventral.

Question 37

A large,rounded,elevated process on a bone is called a(n):

A) malleolus.
B) epicondyle.
C) tubercle.
D) tuberosity.

Question 38

A small,smooth-surfaced process for articulation of bones is called a:

A) condyle.
B) coronoid.
C) facet.
D) tuberosity.

Question 39

How many saddle joints are there in the body?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 40

Which of the following is an x-ray "projection"?

A) Tangential
B) Lordotic
C) Right anterior oblique (RAO)
D) Right lateral decubitus

Question 41

Rotation of the arm toward the midline of the body from the anatomic position is termed:

A) pronation.
B) supination.
C) lateral rotation.
D) medial rotation.

Question 42

What is the patient position illustrated in this figure?

A) Dorsal recumbent
B) Right lateral recumbent
C) Left lateral decubitus
D) Trendelenburg

Question 43

Oblique positions are always named according to the side of the patient that is:

A) closest to the x-ray tube.
B) the source of pathology.
C) closest to the IR.
D) farthest from the IR.

Question 44

Which of the following terms is used to describe a patient placed "lying on the back"?

A) Supine
B) Prone
C) Lateral
D) Recumbent

Question 45

The patient in this figure is placed in which of the following positions?

A) Left lateral decubitus
B) Right lateral decubitus
C) Dorsal decubitus
D) Ventral decubitus

Question 46

The movement shown in this figure is:

A) adduction.
B) abduction.
C) extension.
D) flexion.

Question 47

The x-ray projection shown in this figure is:

A) AP.
B) PA.
C) right lateral.
D) right lateral decubitus.

Question 48

Turning the forearm so that the palm of the hand is up is termed:

A) pronation.
B) supination.
C) abduction.
D) adduction.

Question 49

Which of the following positioning terms indicates that the patient is lying down and the central ray is horizontal?

A) Lateral
B) Decubitus
C) Recumbent
D) Mediolateral

Question 50

Movement of a part away from the central axis of the body or body part is termed:

A) adduction.
B) abduction.
C) extension.
D) flexion.

Question 51

The patient in this figure is placed in which position?

A) RPO
B) LPO
C) RAO
D) LAO

Question 52

If the foot is turned inward at the ankle joint,the body movement is termed:

A) inversion.
B) eversion.
C) flexion.
D) extension.

Question 53

Identify the x-ray projection illustrated in this figure.

A) Tangential
B) PA axial oblique.
C) Orbitoparietal
D) Parietoorbital

Question 54

The x-ray projection identified in this figure is:

A) AP.
B) PA.
C) AP axial.
D) AP oblique.

Question 55

The body position depicted below results in which x-ray projection?

A) PA oblique
B) AP oblique
C) Recumbent
D) Mediolateral

Question 56

Movement of a part toward the central axis of the body is termed:

A) abduction.
B) adduction.
C) medial rotation.
D) lateral rotation.

Question 57

The term that refers to a part on the opposite side of the body is

A) distal.
B) proximal.
C) ipsilateral.
D) contralateral.

Question 58

A club-shaped process on a bone is called a:

A) coronoid.
B) trochanter.
C) tuberosity.
D) malleolus.

Question 59

The term used to describe the act of placing the patient appropriately for a radiographic examination is:

A) supine.
B) recumbent.
C) projection.
D) position.

Question 60

Forced or excessive extension of a limb or part is termed:

A) eversion.
B) inversion.
C) hyperextension.
D) hyperflexion.

Question 61

The longest lungs will be found in which type of body habitus?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 62

The tissue lining the medullary cavity of bones is called the:

A) endosteum.
B) periosteum.
C) trabeculae.
D) compact bone.

Question 63

Near the center of all long bones is a specific opening in the periosteum called the:

A) foramen.
B) nutrient foramen.
C) medullary cavity.
D) epiphyseal plate.

Question 64

For which type of body habitus will the diaphragm be very high?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 65

Which type of body habitus is shown in this illustration?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 66

What is the name of the tough,fibrous tissue that covers all bony surfaces?

A) Endosteum
B) Periosteum
C) Compact bone
D) Spongy bone

Question 67

Which of the following terms is plural?

A) Calculi
B) Labium
C) Vertebra
D) Bronchus

Question 68

The plane that divides the body into equal posterior and anterior halves is termed:

A) horizontal.
B) longitudinal.
C) midcoronal.
D) midsagittal.

Question 69

Which of the following planes divides the body into superior or inferior portions?

A) Horizontal
B) Oblique
C) Midsagittal
D) Midcoronal

Question 70

The jugular notch is located at the level of:

A) T2-T3.
B) T4-T5.
C) L2-L3.
D) L4-L5.

Question 71

The appendicular skeleton allows the body to move in various positions.How many bones does it contain?

A) 14
B) 80
C) 126
D) 206

Question 72

Study of the bones of the body is known as:

A) physiology.
B) radiology.
C) osteology.
D) orthopedics.

Question 73

The stomach is positioned the highest in which type of body habitus?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 74

For which type of body habitus will the lungs be very short and wide?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hypersthenic
D) Hyposthenic

Question 75

The part of the bone where muscles,tendons,or ligaments are attached is called:

A) a foramina.
B) the meatus.
C) the fossa.
D) a tuberosity.

Question 76

The upper,center region on this illustration is termed the:

A) umbilical.
B) epigastrium.
C) hypogastrium.
D) hypochondrium.

Question 77

The lungs will be a moderate length in which body habitus?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hyposthenic
D) Hypersthenic

Question 78

Which plane specifically divides the body into equal right and left halves?

A) Axial
B) Transverse
C) Midcoronal
D) Midsagittal

Question 79

The vertebra prominens is located at the level of the:

A) L2-L3.
B) L4-L5.
C) C3-C4.
D) C7-T1.

Question 80

For which type of body habitus will the stomach be the lowest?

A) Sthenic
B) Asthenic
C) Hypersthenic
D) Hyposthenic