Deck 7: Stress and Well-Being at Work

Question 1

How are the homeostatic/medical approach and the cognitive appraisal approach similar?

A) Both consider their approaches to be on Freudian psychoanalysis.
B) Both consider stress to be a form of strain.
C) Both consider stress a result of person-environment interaction.
D) Both consider there to be task,role and physical demands.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following best exemplifies the person-environment fit approach to stress?

A) the notion that perception and cognitive evaluations of situations differ and accordingly stress is mostly determined by perception
B) the idea that a lack of fit between a person's self-image or concept and their ideal generates large stress
C) the fit between external and internal role expectations
D) the belief that effort will lead to performance

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is a major shortcoming of technological innovation?

A) provides access to global market
B) blurs the line between work and home
C) permits routine tasks to be dealt with easier
D) results in inconsistent or incompatible expectations

Answer 3

B

Question 4

You are a working parent.You have a major sales presentation at work on Monday and a sick child at home on Sunday night.What are you likely to experience?

A) role ambiguity
B) person-role conflict
C) interrole conflict
D) intrarole conflict

Question 5

Soo Lee wants to leave the party immediately.She is finding it difficult to engage with all the new people attending.What is Soo Lee experiencing?

A) distress
B) a stressor
C) a negative reaction
D) strain

Question 6

What is the term for the adverse psychological,physical,behavioural,and organizational consequence that may occur as a result of stressful events?

A) anxiety disorder
B) distress
C) stress response
D) stressor

Question 7

A manager instructs an employee to ship an item with a minor defect to a customer.What is this an example of?

A) non-role conflict
B) role ambiguity
C) person-role conflict
D) interrole conflict

Question 8

What two elements exist within the psychoanalytic approach?

A) self-image and stress
B) stress and work environment
C) work environment and ego-ideal
D) ego-ideal and self-image

Question 9

Which of the following is synonymous with the term "strain"?

A) eustress
B) distress
C) stress
D) tension

Question 10

What is a defining characteristic of the person-environment fit approach in studying and understanding stress?

A) cognitive appraisal of the stress situation
B) ego involvement
C) social and organizational role stress
D) homeostasis

Question 11

Which statement best exemplifies the stress response sequence?

A) It is based on cognition that results in the release of chemical messengers.
B) It redirects blood to the brain and large muscle groups.
C) It increases alertness through improved vision,hearing and other sensory processes.
D) It suppresses the immune system.

Question 12

A manager presses employees for both very fast work and high-quality work.What would this manager likely cause?

A) interrole conflict
B) role ambiguity
C) intrarole conflict
D) person-role conflict

Question 13

What personality dimension does the psychoanalytic approach to stress include?

A) self-monitoring
B) self-efficacy
C) internal/external control
D) self-image

Question 14

What approach to stress includes the fight-or-flight stress response?

A) psychoanalytic
B) homeostatic
C) person-environment fit
D) cognitive appraisal

Question 15

A father is called at work because his twin sons have hurt themselves at school.What is the cause of stress?

A) role demands and home demands
B) physical demands and home demands
C) interpersonal demands and personal demands
D) task demands and role demands

Question 16

Connie is an employee at BP UK.According to your textbook,what does research indicate is most likely a source of stress for Connie?

A) lack of home time
B) increasing work hours
C) tight deadlines and working at high speeds
D) technology changes

Question 17

Which approach to stress is based on the concept of homeostasis?

A) social psychological
B) psychoanalytical
C) medical
D) psychological-cognitive

Question 18

What is the term for the unconscious preparation to fight or flee that a person experiences when faced with any demand?

A) instinct
B) avoidance
C) arousal
D) stress

Question 19

A young,single parent is trying to get a university degree while working full time.What is the root of her stress?

A) intrarole conflict
B) work overload
C) role ambiguity
D) interrole conflict

Question 20

Which statement best summarizes the psychoanalytic approach?

A) Stress results from a discrepancy between the idealized self and the real self-image.
B) Stress results from a discrepancy between one's self-esteem and self-monitoring.
C) Stress results from a discrepancy between task demands and role demands.
D) Stress results from a discrepancy between role expectations and self-image.

Question 21

What is the term for healthy or normal stress?

A) eustress
B) normstress
C) stressless
D) nostress

Question 22

You supervise 10 employees,one of whom is clearly a Type A personality.How do you effectively manage this employee?

A) Try to maintain a certain level of conflict with the employee because this will stimulate higher performance.
B) Assist the employee through encouraging time management applications and convincing the person to pace him or herself.
C) Frequently remind the employee about schedules and deadlines.
D) Keep the employee very busy by adding tasks and projects to the person's workload.

Question 23

What is the relationship between level of stress and self-efficacy?

A) low
B) medium
C) high
D) none

Question 24

Which situation would result in the highest risk of health disorders?

A) Type B individuals in Type A organizations
B) Type A individuals in Type B organizations
C) Type B individuals in Type B organizations
D) Type A individuals in Type A organizations

Question 25

Which statement about stress and performance would be suggested by the Yerkes-Dodson law?

A) Stress and performance are inversely related.
B) Performance tends to be greatest in the midrange of the stress-performance curve.
C) Stress and performance are unrelated.
D) Initial stress (or the onset of stress)causes performance to drop significantly.

Question 26

What is the most notable self-imposed personal demand?

A) civic duties
B) child rearing
C) being a perfectionist
D) workaholism

Question 27

What are the two major categories of "role stress" at work?

A) role conflict and role ambiguity
B) role conflict and role overload
C) role ambiguity and role overload
D) role overload and ethical conflict

Question 28

What is role ambiguity?

A) the confusion stemming from a situation where expectations of two roles conflict
B) the confusion one experiences related to the expectations of others
C) the confusion a person has in reconciling job demands and personal values
D) the confusion stemming from conflicting expectations within a single role

Question 29

What is an organizational cost of distress?

A) interpersonal conflicts
B) performance loss
C) medical illness
D) sabotage

Question 30

Which of the following phenomena is synonymous with the weak organ hypothesis?

A) psychoanalytic phenomenon
B) Yerkes-Dodson phenomenon
C) Achilles' heel phenomenon
D) Myers-Briggs phenomenon

Question 31

What characteristic is linked to stress vulnerability?

A) extraversion
B) openness to experience
C) self-monitoring
D) self-efficacy

Question 32

Which of the following indicates the characteristic of an individual who is relatively good at transformational coping?

A) hardiness personality
B) external locus of control
C) overdependence
D) low tolerance for ambiguity

Question 33

A coal miner loses consciousness while underground.What category of work demand does this situation belong to?

A) physical
B) role
C) task
D) interpersonal

Question 34

Which statement applies to individuals possessing a Type A personality?

A) They tend to be relatively calm in difficult situations.
B) They are socially secure.
C) They become aggressive when faced with conflict and other work-related difficulties.
D) They are less prone than Type B personalities to heart attacks.

Question 35

One stress-handling strategy is considered an alternative to transformational coping and may lead to short-term stress reduction at the cost of long-term healthy life adjustment.What is this strategy?

A) stress avoidance
B) regressive coping
C) counterdependence
D) tertiary prevention

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of interpersonal demands?

A) extreme environment
B) time pressures
C) strenuous activities
D) sexual harassment

Question 37

According to research,what increases the risk of physical and mental health conditions?

A) high responsibilities and low decision making
B) low responsibilities and high decision making
C) low demands and high control
D) high demands and low control

Question 38

Which of the following is synonymous with eustress?

A) unhealthy stress
B) performance
C) healthy stress
D) productivity

Question 39

What personality type tends to be resistant to distress?

A) individuals who are overindependent
B) individuals who possess personality hardiness
C) individuals who are counterdependent
D) individuals who are considered Type A

Question 40

What does research indicate as the most disturbing aspects of noise?

A) Chronic noise triggers the fight or flight stress response.
B) Urban,occupational,and everyday noise are not under the radar.
C) Noise can be lethal.
D) People get used to noise.

Question 41

It is unfortunate that stress carries a negative connotation as though it were something to be avoided.

Question 42

The fight-or-flight response to stress is based on an environmental demand that upsets a person's natural steady state according to the homeostatic approach.

Question 43

Dalia is a great friend and a hard-worker.However she is considered overdependent by her parents and boyfriend.What behaviour is Dalia exhibiting for them to think this?

A) organized and calm response to challenges
B) introverted
C) extraverted
D) disorganized and anxious response to challenges

Question 44

What is important for preventing the accumulation of unnecessary muscular tension?

A) leisure time pursuits
B) strength training
C) physical exercise
D) flexibility training

Question 45

Which statement best exemplifies the role of secondary prevention stress management?

A) Reduce,modify,or eliminate the demand causing stress.
B) Eliminate key environmental sources of stress or provide direct intervention to reduce the source of the stress.
C) Alter or modify the individual's or the organization's response to a demand.
D) Heal individual or organizational symptoms of distress and strain.

Question 46

Which of the following applies to self-reliance as a pattern of behaviour?

A) healthy,secure,and psychologically distant
B) healthy,secure,and interdependent
C) healthy,secure,and overdependent
D) healthy,secure,and counterdependent

Question 47

What is the GP³ time management system?

A) set,prioritize,plan,and praise
B) strategize,plan,and praise
C) set,plan,and praise
D) systemize,prioritize,and praise

Question 48

You provide flexibility and support for your employees during the very busy times of the year.What type of preventive stress management is your approach an example of?

A) stressor directed
B) secondary prevention
C) asymptomatic
D) symptom directed

Question 49

The cognitive appraisal approach to stress emphasizes the fit between a person and his or her environment in terms of individual abilities and task or role demands.

Question 50

What best exemplifies an employee assistance program?

A) a prevention approach to relieve or reduce stress
B) a first-level or primary stress prevention approach
C) an aftercare program for drug-addicted employees
D) an organizational approach to stress prevention

Question 51

What does EAP stand for?

A) Employer Assistance Plan
B) Employment Adjustment Program
C) Employee Assistance Program
D) Employees' Advancement Plan

Question 52

What stage of stress prevention would involve the strategies of job redesign,goal setting,and career management?

A) secondary stage
B) primary stage
C) reduction stage
D) escalating stage

Question 53

Which of the following is the cause of missed deadlines,a sense of being overwhelmed,and constant rushing?

A) need for a work modification plan
B) lack of positive thinking
C) lack of physical exercise
D) poor time management

Question 54

What best illustrates the aim during tertiary prevention stress management?

A) help employees through effort-reward management
B) help employees prevent stress through strong communication
C) help employees by giving them more control
D) help employees deal with stress symptoms by debriefing and time off

Question 55

You are a supervisor of claims adjusters for a property and casualty insurance company; you assign and reassign adjusters to handle routine and emergency situations.Your managerial skills are being severely tested because several adjusters are threatening to quit after short-term emergency assignments.What short-term approach to their stressful situation would be most appropriate?

A) Reduce work demands and set clear expectations.
B) Rotate them back to their home location and place them on medical leave.
C) Place them on EAP.
D) Arrange for psychological counselling.

Question 56

Courtney has regular team meetings,and provides opportunities for his staff to express opinions.What management standard and competency is Courtney demonstrating?

A) support and visible approach
B) demand and managing workload
C) control and visible approach
D) control and participative approach

Question 57

What demonstrates the best practice if you want to minimize stress during change?

A) providing a short notice period of the change to discourage worry
B) presenting the final solution for the change
C) communicating the change involved and the reasons behind it
D) delegating work unequally to team members

Question 58

What is an example of the secondary prevention method of organizational stress?

A) goal setting
B) role negotiation
C) job redesign
D) team building

Question 59

Individual interventions related to stress are generally sufficient and there is no need for the organization to interfere.

Question 60

What best summarizes the job demand-control-support model?

A) high job demand contributes to job strain
B) low job control and high support contributes to job strain
C) high job demand plus low job control and support contributes to job strain
D) low job support contributes to job strain

Question 61

Role ambiguity and task uncertainty both indicate lack of information.

Question 62

Interrole conflict occurs when an employee has a major report due by the end of the day and at the same time,has a sick child at home.

Question 63

Prolonged stress is dangerous.

Question 64

Type A behaviour is also labelled coronary-prone behaviour.

Question 65

Individuals working in a unhealthy workplace are three times more likely to report substance abuse.

Question 66

Stress may be a by-product of open office designs.

Question 67

As Sybil is a pessimist it is understandable that she may have low levels of achievement and possibly even depression during times of stress.

Question 68

The ERI and JDCS models link factors of job strain to negative consequences.

Question 69

Self-reliant individuals tend to be better at transformational coping.

Question 70

Nonwork demands may broadly be identified as home demands from an individual's personal life environment and personal demands that are self-imposed.

Question 71

Individuals who display hardiness tend to be Type A personalities.

Question 72

Emotional toxins typically don't spread through a work environment,resulting in a range of disturbances.

Question 73

World class athletes use stress-induced energy in positive and productive ways.

Question 74

Type B personalities display insecure behaviour and may respond aggressively in conflict situations.

Question 75

Transformational coping is actively changing an event into something less subjectively stressful by viewing it in a broader life perspective.

Question 76

Change and lack of control are two of the most stressful demands people face at work.

Question 77

Primary stress prevention is designed to reduce and possibly eliminate the source of stress,or the stressor.

Question 78

According to Harry Levinson and Freudian psychoanalytic theory,self-image is the embodiment of a person's perfect self.

Question 79

Interrole conflict is caused by conflicting expectations related to a single role.

Question 80

Individuals who do not react well to stress generally exhibit a willingness to take on new challenges as well as commitment to the organization.