Deck 9: Motivation

Question 1

Danny is setting up a goal setting system for his 15 employees in his music store.What are the three factors essential for effective goal setting?

A) employees must have the requisite skills, be committed to the goal, and receive feedback
B) employees must be internally motivated, have assigned goals, and receive the proper training
C) employees must have fair wages, be externally motivated, and receive performance feedback
D) employees must develop their own goals, receive training, and be rewarded for their performance

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to McClelland's need theory, what does the need for achievement involve?

A) the need to be accepted by other people
B) the need to strive to for friendship
C) the need to be successful and avoid failure
D) the need to have influence over other people

Answer 2

C

Question 3

According to self-determination theory, what would be the most effective way of creating autonomous motivation and improving performance?

A) Create tasks and jobs that are outside of the employees' skills and interests to motivate them to do something different.
B) Conduct job redesign to provide meaningful and interesting work.
C) Provide clear external rewards (e.g., pay raise).
D) Focus the employee's attention on a specific task, so you don't overwhelm them with too much information on the end product.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The motivating potential score of the job characteristics theory of motivation involves what five factors?

A) Work variety, job components, feedback, job importance, control
B) Task significance, skill variety, autonomy, feedback, task identity
C) Work activities, task variety, autonomy, feedback, importance
D) Task activities, task significance, feedback, control, importance

Question 5

The motivational process of intensity involves the focus of arousal in creating a job-related goal.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a typical problem associated with punishment?

A) Punishment may increase the unwanted behaviour.
B) Punishment can create negative feelings toward the punisher.
C) Punishment may decrease a behaviour only when employees think they are being monitored.
D) Punishment only decreases an unwanted behaviour and doesn't increase the desired behaviour that you want to occur.

Question 7

You have been hired at the Widgets Emporium as a manager of 35 widget producers.You believe that the way to motivate your employees and improve productivity is to provide rewards for positive work behaviours (meeting high production standards) and to punish undesired behaviour (such as arriving late to work).In essence, you are using what type of motivation theory?

A) reinforcement theory
B) self-determination theory
C) goal-setting theory
D) hierarchy of needs theory

Question 8

Your supervisor gives you a new assignment, telling you that she doesn't expect much from you because your past performance has been "disappointing." You feel bad about yourself and end up doing poor job on the project.What is this process known as?

A) reinforcement theory
B) internal motivation
C) the Golem effect
D) the Pygmalion effect

Question 9

What are the three primary components of motivation?

A) arousal, direction, and intensity
B) arousal, goal-focus, and maintenance
C) attention, goal-focus, and intention
D) direction, intention, and maintenance

Question 10

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory has received a lot of empirical support.

Question 11

Which one of the following would be the MOST effective example of putting goal-setting theory into action?

A) Avoid telling people to "do their best" and other vague goals.
B) Set easy goals for people in order to achieve high commitment.
C) Avoid providing feedback to others during goal setting.
D) Avoid both jointly set goals and assigned goals.

Question 12

What are the three processes of expectancy theory?

A) expectancy, values, and importance
B) expectancy, results, and performance
C) expectancy, performance, and importance
D) expectancy, valence, and instrumentality

Question 13

Which of the following is the term for an increase in an employee's self-efficacy and performance, resulting from communicating high expectations to the employee ?

A) reinforcement theory
B) internal motivation
C) the Golem effect
D) the Pygmalion effect

Question 14

According to self-determination theory, what is the difference between integrated regulation and external regulation?

A) integrated regulation involves intrinsic motivation, whereas external regulation involves extrinsic motivation.
B) integrated regulation involves extrinsic motivation, whereas external regulation involves intrinsic motivation.
C) integrated regulation involves motivation controlled by external rewards and punishments, whereas external regulation involves engaging in an activity because it is consistent with one's own values.
D) integrated regulation involves engaging in an activity because it is consistent with one's own values, whereas external regulation involves motivation controlled by external rewards and punishments.

Question 15

Motivation is best described as an internal set of processes that arouse, direct, and maintain attention toward a goal.

Question 16

Which of the following BEST defines motivation?

A) A set of externally prescribed behaviours that increases performance.
B) An internal set of processes that arouse, direct, and maintain attention toward a goal.
C) A joint influence of internal and external factors that focus on goals.
D) A process that explains individuals' persistence at tasks.

Question 17

According to equity theory, people can be categorized into three groups in terms of the extent to which they perceive a situation to be fair.What three groups are these?

A) equity engagers, diminishers, and abstainers
B) high, medium, and low equity perceivers
C) positive, neutral, and negative equity evaluators
D) equity sensitives, entitleds, and benevolents

Question 18

What are the three main needs outlined in McClelland's need theory?

A) the need for belongingness, affiliation, and power
B) the need for safety, belongingness, and achievement
C) the need for power, affiliation, and achievement
D) the need for success, affiliation, and esteem

Question 19

As summarized in the text, what can we conclude about Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

A) Self-actualization is very common in across all communities and societies.
B) There is strong empirical support for Maslow's theory across a variety of cultures.
C) It has been criticized because lower needs may be surpassed in favour of higher-order needs.
D) Maslow's model is misspecified, such that belongingness seems to be the highest order need and esteem is much lower.

Question 20

Feedback is critical to goal setting success.

Question 21

The example of Scotiabank Atlantic Customer Contact Centre's use of surveys to identify the factors that motivate their employees highlights a few important aspects about motivation.Discuss their strategies in the context of modern motivation theories.

Question 22

The three processes of expectancy theory are expectancy, valence, and instrumentality.

Question 23

Goal setting may be effective because the process helps employees focus their attention on accomplishing the goals.

Question 24

An increase in an employee's self-efficacy and performance resulting from communicating high expectations to the employee is known as internal motivation.

Question 25

You have been reading a lot about equity theory, which starts you thinking about your family.One of your sisters, Bijou, tends to prefer to be over rewarded, and values external types of rewards more than internal awards.Your other sister, Katherine, is sensitive about fairness, and responds more favourably to being under-rewarded.Finally, your mom is satisfied regardless of how she is rewarded, and she seems to be able to tolerate high levels of inequity.
According to equity theory and how individuals can be categorized, how would you label each of these family members? Given this information, how do you think each of them would respond to overpayment and underpayment at work?

Question 26

Self-determination theory, states that the most effective way of creating autonomous motivation and improving performance is to create tasks and jobs that are outside of the employees' skills and interests, to motivate them to do something different.

Question 27

You have just been hired by Acme Incorporated to increase performance through motivation.The CEO is a big fan of the self-determination theory.Outline a program that would help you motivate employees using the fundamental principles of SDT.