Deck 9: Body Organization

Question 1

Common sites for the development of cancer are the:

A) Lungs
B) Breasts
C) Colon
D) Uterus
E) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

The body fights cancer by:

A) Using reactive oxygen
B) Creating new DNA
C) Chorionic villus sampling
D) Forming antibodies
E) Forming new chromosomes

Answer 2

Forming antibodies

Question 3

The karyotype is an organized picture of:

A) Genes
B) Cancerous cells
C) Chromosomes
D) Body cavities
E) Body tissues

Answer 3

Chromosomes

Question 4

Mitosis is cell division that may result in:

A) Cancer
B) Reproduction of single-cell organisms
C) Growth and repair
D) Transfer of genetic information
E) All of the above

Question 5

____________________ is composed largely of specialized cells found in the eyes, ears, brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

Question 6

A genotype is:

A) Treatment by a chemical agent
B) Nonorganelle material contained in cells
C) A mutant gene
D) A study of function
E) The genetic makeup of an organism

Question 7

The configuration of genetic information for an individual trait is called the:

A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Dominant gene
D) Recessive gene
E) DNA

Question 8

The four main types of body tissues are:

A) Connective, muscle, nervous, and elastic tissues
B) Epithelial, connective, muscle, and elastic tissues
C) Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
D) Epithelial, elastic, muscle, and nervous tissues
E) Epithelial, connective, elastic, and nervous tissues

Question 9

Which of the following is not part of the anatomical position?

A) The person stands erect with the mouth closed.
B) The eyes and head face forward.
C) The feet are close together with the toes facing inward.
D) The arms are close to the body.
E) The palms face forward with the fingers extended.

Question 10

The combination of two ____________________ with chromosomes from different parents into one cell is called fertilization.

Question 11

____________________ contain the hereditary information in the cell.

Question 12

The five cavities of the human body are the:

A) Heart, abdominal, pelvic, cranial, and spinal cavities
B) Intestinal, thoracic, cranial, and spinal cavities
C) Thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, cranial, and spinal cavities
D) Reproductive, abdominal, pelvic, cranial, and thoracic cavities
E) Glandular, cranial, spinal, pelvic, and thoracic cavities

Question 13

____________________, made of protein fibers, has the unique property of being able to shorten to produce movement.

Question 14

____________________ are the beings that result when the body systems work together to maintain life.

Question 15

The quadrants of the abdomen are:

A) Right upper, left upper, middle upper, middle lower
B) Right upper, left upper, right lower, left lower
C) Right lower, left lower, middle upper, middle lower
D) Middle upper, middle lower, right upper, left lower

Question 16

_________________________ covers the body, forms glands, and lines the surfaces of cavities and organs.

Question 17

The homeostasis mechanism for which body system involves receiving nutrients from blood and regulating body temperature, breathing, blood pressure, and autonomic responses?

A) Urinary system
B) Skeletal system
C) Muscular system
D) Nervous system

Question 18

_________________________, formed by a protein, includes soft tissues, such as fat and blood cells, and hard tissues, such as bones, ligaments, and cartilage.

Question 19

____________________ consist of organs that work together to provide a major body function.

Question 20

Using the theory that the body's immune system can treat cancer, scientists are developing:

A) Cancer vaccines
B) Cancer bacteria
C) Mutant genes
D) Genetic engineering
E) Harmless radiation therapies

Question 21

Explain preimplantation diagnosis.When might one choose to use such a technique?

Question 22

Choose a type of cancer and explain the possible causes and the effects of the cancer on the body.

Question 23

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Define and explain the purpose of electrolytes.

Question 24

Match the numbered word below with the best definition.
a.A gene trait that appears when carried by only one in the pair of chromosomes
b.A permanent change in a gene or chromosome
c.A gene trait that does not appear unless carried by both members of a pair of chromosomes
d.Any one of 22 paired chromosomes that are not sexual
e.A set of symptoms that occur together
f.The genetic pattern of an individual
g.Refers to conditions that exist at birth regardless of cause
h.The physical, biochemical, and physiological configuration of an individual determined by genes
i.A substance that separates into ions in solution and is capable of conducting electricity
j.The tendency of an organism to maintain the same internal environment
1.Autosome
2.Congenital
3.Dominant
4.Electrolyte
5.Genotype
6.Homeostasis
7.Mutation
8.Phenotype
9.Recessive
10.Syndrome

Question 25

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
List five common genetic disorders.

Question 26

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What are the 12 body systems of physiology?

Question 27

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
How can chromosomes become damaged?

Question 28

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is a "silent cancer"?

Question 29

What three planes are used to describe the body? Explain the location of organs in relation to these planes.How might a health care worker refer to these body planes in communicating with other health care workers?

Question 30

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is the purpose of a hospital ethics committee?

Question 31

When and why might parents request an amniocentesis? What decisions might be made after they receive the results?

Question 32

Why is a person's hereditary information important to health care workers?

Question 33

____________________ is the ability of the organism to control its actions and respond to changes in the environment.

Question 34

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What causes the rapid growth of cancer cells?

Question 35

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What are the two major types of study of the human body?

Question 36

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is amniocentesis?

Question 37

Research the effects of spina bifida.What is the life expectation of a person afflicted with this disease? What type of lifelong health care is needed?

Question 38

Cancer cells have properties similar to ____________________ cells during fetal division.

Question 39

Several types of genetic disorders may impair body functions.Choose one disorder and explain how it might affect a person's life.Be specific and make reference to the type of health care required.

Question 40

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Define homeostasis and the process involved.

Question 41

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What are some of the physiological components of homeostasis?