Deck 22: The Respiratory System

Question 1

What is the opening to the pharynx from the mouth called?

A) palatine
B) hypopharynx
C) meatuses
D) fauces
E) vestibule

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called the

A) carina.
B) secondary bronchioles.
C) parietal pleura.
D) visceral pleura.
E) diaphragm.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The conducting zone does NOT act to

A) clean air of debris.
B) conduct air into the lungs.
C) add water to air.
D) warm air.
E) All of these answer choices are correct.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Pitch is controlled by

A) vibration of the vocal chords.
B) tension of the vocal chords.
C) layers of cartilage in the vocal chords.
D) arrangement of the vocal chords.
E) None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 5

These are triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage.

A) corniculate cartilage
B) arytenoids cartilage
C) cricotracheal cartilage
D) cuneiform cartilage
E) laryngeal cartilage

Question 6

This is the primary gas exchange site.

A) trachea
B) bronchiole
C) nasal sinuses
D) alveolus
E) bronchus

Question 7

Which is the direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells?

A) oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide into blood
B) oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide into blood
C) oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide out of blood
D) oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide out of blood
E) None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 8

During swallowing, which structure rises?

A) pharynx
B) esophagus
C) trachea
D) palatine tonsils
E) primary bronchi

Question 9

Exhalation begins when

A) inspiratory muscles relax.
B) the diaphragm contracts.
C) blood circulation is the lowest.
D) inspiratory muscles relax and the diaphragm contracts.
E) All of these choices.

Question 10

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory system?

A) nose
B) oral cavity
C) pharynx
D) trachea
E) nasal meatuses

Question 11

Which of the below tissues provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs?

A) stratified squamous epithelium with keratin
B) ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
C) cilated cuboidal epithelium with goblet cells
D) transitional epithelium with cilia
E) columnar connective tissue with goblet cells

Question 12

The conducting airways with the air that does not undergo gas exchange are known as the

A) inspiratory volume.
B) expiratory reserve volume.
C) minimal volume.
D) residual volume.
E) anatomic dead space.

Question 13

This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea.

A) arytenoid cartilage
B) epiglottis
C) nasopharynx
D) thyroid cartilage
E) paranasal sinus

Question 14

Which of the following is a passageway for air and food?

A) pharynx
B) larynx
C) paranasal sinuses
D) trachea
E) esophagus

Question 15

This is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi.

A) trachea
B) larynx
C) nasopharynx
D) pharynx
E) None of these choices.

Question 16

These are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant.

A) type I alveolar cells
B) type II alveolar cells
C) type III alveolar cells
D) surface cells
E) macrophages

Question 17

This means the lungs and the chest wall expand easily.

A) high surface tension
B) low surface tension
C) high compliance
D) low compliance
E) None of these choices

Question 18

Which of the below tissues forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus?

A) stratified squamous epithelium
B) ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
C) simple squamous epithelium
D) hyaline cartilage
E) columnar connective tissue with goblet cells

Question 19

Which is the direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs?

A) oxygen into blood , carbon dioxide into blood
B) oxygen out of blood , carbon dioxide into blood
C) oxygen into blood , carbon dioxide out of blood
D) oxygen out of blood , carbon dioxide out of blood
E) None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 20

Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system?

A) stratified squamous epithelium with keratin
B) ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
C) hyaline cartilage
D) mucus membrane
E) bone

Question 21

Which tonsils are found in the oropharynx?

A) V
B) R
C) S
D) Q
E) U

Question 22

Where is the tracheal cartilage?

A) J
B) I
C) H
D) G
E) F

Question 23

Which of the following is not a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on?

A) partial pressure difference of the gases
B) surface area for gas exchange
C) diffusion distance
D) molecular weight and solubility of the gases
E) force of contraction of diaphragm

Question 24

Where are the palatine tonsils?

A) E
B) F
C) R
D) U
E) None of these choices

Question 25

Where is the larynx?

A) I
B) M
C) L
D) N
E) O

Question 26

This is a ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx.

A) J
B) K
C) G
D) H
E) O

Question 27

Which is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?

A) pH of blood
B) partial pressure of the oxygen
C) amount of oxygen available
D) temperature
E) respiratory rate

Question 28

This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume.

A) total lung capacity
B) functional residual capacity
C) inspiratory capacity
D) vital capacity
E) minimal volume

Question 29

Where are the nasal conchae?

A) A
B) C
C) T
D) U
E) V

Question 30

What is line A pointing to?

A) Hyoid bone
B) Trachea
C) Adams Apple
D) Thyroid
E) Epiglottis

Question 31

Where is the uvula?

A) E
B) F
C) Q
D) S
E) U

Question 32

Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?

A) bound to hemoglobin
B) bound to oxygen
C) dissolved in plasma as a gas
D) dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions
E) diffusion

Question 33

What is line D pointing to?

A) thyrohyoid membrane
B) arytenoid cartilage
C) cricothyroid ligament
D) cricoid cartilage
E) tracheal cartilage

Question 34

Where are the olfactory receptors found?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) U

Question 35

Where is the soft palate?

A) C
B) E
C) G
D) Q
E) S

Question 36

When blood pH drops then the amount of oxyhemoglobin ___ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ___.

A) increases, increases
B) increases, decreases
C) decreases, increases
D) decreases, decreases
E) does not change, does not change

Question 37

Where is the cricoid cartilage?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 38

Where is the lingual tonsil?

A) C
B) E
C) N
D) P
E) F

Question 39

Where is the epiglottis?

A) O
B) R
C) S
D) F
E) Q

Question 40

What is also referred to as the Adam's Apple?

A) G
B) H
C) I
D) J
E) K

Question 41

What lines are pointing to tertiary bronchi?

A) E and K
B) D and J
C) F and L
D) H and M
E) A and B

Question 42

Which cells are the main sites of gas exchange?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) All of these choices

Question 43

Which cell secretes surfactant?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) None of these choices

Question 44

Where is the right bronchiole?

A) F
B) G
C) H
D) L
E) M

Question 45

This provides disease resistance within the lungs.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) None of these choices

Question 46

What is line J pointing to?

A) right secondary bronchus
B) left secondary bronchus
C) right primary bronchus
D) left primary bronchus
E) carina

Question 47

Which of the following affect(s) the release of oxygen from hemoglobin?

A) partial pressure of oxygen
B) temperature
C) acidity
D) carbon dioxide in the tissue
E) all of these choices

Question 48

What line is pointing to the left terminal bronchiole?

A) G
B) N
C) H
D) A
E) None of these choices

Question 49

What is line C pointing to?

A) terminal bronchiole
B) respiratory bronchiole
C) alveolar ducts
D) alveolar sac
E) alveoli

Question 50

The exchange of gases between blood in the systemic capillaries and tissue cells is called

A) pulmonary ventilation.
B) internal respiration.
C) external respiration.
D) expiration.
E) inspiration.

Question 51

What is line B pointing to?

A) carina
B) visceral pleura
C) parietal pleura
D) pleural cavity
E) diaphragm

Question 52

In chronic emphysema, some alveoli merge together and some are replaced with fibrous connective tissue. In addition, the bronchioles are often inflamed, and expiratory volume is reduced. Using proper respiratory system terminology, explain at least four reasons why affected individuals will have problems with ventilation and external respiration.

Question 53

Where is the terminal bronchiole?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 54

Identify the alveolar sac.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 55

The basic rhythm of respiration is controlled by the

A) pons.
B) medulla oblongata.
C) hypothalamus.
D) pneumotaxic area.
E) apneustic area.

Question 56

For air to enter the lungs during inhalation

A) the pressure inside the lungs must become lower than the atmospheric pressure.
B) the pressure inside the lungs must be higher than the atmospheric pressure.
C) the pressure inside the lungs must be equal to the atmospheric pressure.
D) the size of the lungs must be decreased.
E) the diaphragm has to be relaxed.