Deck 19: The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Question 1

This vessel distributes oxygenated blood to the myocardium.

A) coronary artery
B) coronary vein
C) right ventricle
D) left auricle
E) myocardial vein

Answer 1

A

Question 2

As each ventricle contracts, where does blood move?

A) into an artery
B) into the apex
C) into a vein
D) through an atrioventricular valve
E) through the apex

Answer 2

A

Question 3

As each atrium contracts, where does blood move?

A) into an auricle
B) into an artery
C) into a vein
D) through an atrioventricular valve
E) through a semilunar valve

Answer 3

D

Question 4

This heart structure carries deoxygenated blood.

A) left atrium and ventricle
B) left atrium only
C) right atrium and ventricle
D) right ventricle only
E) left atrium and right ventricle

Question 5

Which of the following extend into the auricle?

A) pectinate muscles
B) interatrial septum
C) coronary sulcus
D) ventricle
E) chordae tendinae

Question 6

Which of the following consists of inelastic dense irregular connective tissue?

A) parietal layer of pericardium
B) serous pericardium
C) fibrous pericardium
D) epicardium
E) pericardial cavity

Question 7

What is the layer that protects the heart?

A) epicardium
B) pericardium
C) myocardial tissue
D) mediastinum
E) endocardium

Question 8

What type of tissue comprises the superficial fibrous pericardium?

A) dense regular connective tissue
B) dense irregular connective tissue
C) areolar connective tissue
D) hyaline cartilage
E) cardiac muscle tissue

Question 9

Which of the following marks the boundary between the ventricles?

A) coronary sulcus
B) anterior interventricular sulcus
C) posterior interventricular sulcus
D) coronary sulcus and posterior interventricular sulcus
E) anterior and posterior interventricular sulcus

Question 10

From the left ventricle, where does blood pass?

A) right atrium
B) right ventricle
C) bicuspid valve
D) aortic semilunar valve
E) pulmonary trunk

Question 11

Which layer consists of cardiac muscle tissue?

A) epicardium
B) pericardium
C) myocardium
D) rndocardium
E) hypocardium

Question 12

Which of the following consists of mesothelium and connective tissue?

A) epicardium
B) myocardium
C) endocardium
D) pericardial cavity
E) fibrous pericardium

Question 13

What is the arrangement of systemic and pulmonary circulations in terms of how the heart works them both?

Question 14

Which of the following is used to increase the capacity of the atrium?

A) ventricle
B) coronary sulcus
C) fossa ovalis
D) interatrial septum
E) auricle

Question 15

This is used to reduce the friction between membranes of the heart.

A) epicardium
B) endocardium layer
C) pericardium
D) pericardial (serous) fluid
E) pericardial cavity

Question 16

Which of the valves prevents blood from flowing back from the lungs?
a) tricuspid valve
b) bicuspid valve
c) pulmonary valve
d) aortic valve
e) pulmonary vein

Question 17

Explain the reason that the muscular wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the right.

Question 18

Through which structure does blood pass from the right atrium to the right ventricle?

A) bicuspid valve
B) interventricular septum
C) tricuspid valve
D) mitral valve
E) ascending aorta

Question 19

What is the mass of tissue from the sternum to the vertebral column between the lungs?

A) epicardium
B) parietal layer
C) pericardial tissue
D) mediastinum
E) fibrous cardium

Question 20

To which side of the body is the apex pointed?

A) at the midline
B) to the left
C) to the right
D) different for males and females
E) posteriorly

Question 21

Which of the following reduces heart rate?

A) increased norepinephrine hormone
B) increased thyroid hormone
C) increased potassium levels
D) increased calcium levels
E) increased sympathetic stimulation

Question 22

Which portion of the heart wall is responsible for the pumping action?

A) E
B) F
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 23

Which layer of the pericardium consists of dense irregular connective tissue?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 24

Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures that allows the normal sequence of excitation to progress through the heart?

A) Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers, Atrioventricular (AV) node
B) Sinoatrial (SA), Purkinje fibers, AV node, Bundle of His
C) Purkinje fibers, AV node, SA node, Bundle of His
D) SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
E) Bundle of His, SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers

Question 25

This part of the heart can initiate a contraction and can set a constant heart rate of about 100 beats per minute.

A) cardiac accelerator nerves
B) chemoreceptors
C) cardiovascular center
D) sinoatrial node
E) proprioceptors

Question 26

Stimulation of which nerve reduces heart rate?

A) cardiac accelerator nerve
B) hypoglossal nerve
C) medulla oblongata nerve
D) vagus nerve
E) phrenic nerve

Question 27

This is comprised of a thin layer of endothelium overlying a thin layer of connective tissue.

A) C
B) D
C) E
D) F
E) G

Question 28

Which part of the brain regulates heart rate?

A) cardiac accelerator nerves
B) chemoreceptors
C) medulla oblongata
D) vagus nerve
E) proprioceptors

Question 29

In the diagram, where are the trabeculae carnae?

A) D
B) E
C) F
D) G
E) H

Question 30

Which of the following refers to the period of time during a cardiac cycle when contraction occurs and blood pressure rises?

A) filling
B) systole
C) repolarization
D) diastole
E) fibrillation

Question 31

Which of the following is a network of specialized cardiac muscle fibers that provide a path for each cycle of cardiac excitation to progress through the heart?

A) Pacemaker
B) Sinoatrial node
C) Purkinje fibers
D) Conduction system
E) Bundle of His

Question 32

Cardiac muscle fibers electrically connect to neighboring fibers by

A) desmosomes.
B) intermediate discs.
C) hap junctions.
D) contractile fibers.
E) chordae tendinae.

Question 33

Which EKG wave corresponds with contraction of the atria?

A) R wave
B) Twave
C) S wave
D) P wave
E) Q wave

Question 34

In the diagram, where is the left auricle of left atrium?

A) C
B) F
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 35

In the diagram, where is the ascending aorta?

A) A
B) B
C) D
D) F
E) H

Question 36

In the diagram, where is the coronary sulcus?

A) C
B) E
C) G
D) H
E) I

Question 37

The second heart sound represents which of the following events?

A) valvular stenosis
B) semilunar valves opening
C) atrioventricular valves closing
D) semilunar valves closing
E) atrioventricular valves opening

Question 38

Which deflection represents repolarization of the ventricle?

A) R wave
B) T wave
C) S wave
D) P wave
E) Q wave

Question 39

Which of the following factors would increase stroke volume?

A) increased preload, increased afterload, increased contractility
B) decreased preload, decreased afterload, decreased contractility
C) increased preload, decreased afterload, increased contractility
D) decreased preload, increased afterload, increased contractility
E) increased preload, increased afterload, decreased contractility

Question 40

Which of these periods represents greatest cardiac output?

A) atrial diastole
B) ventricular diastole
C) atrial systole
D) ventricular systole

Question 41

In the diagram, which is a semilunar valve?

A) B
B) D
C) E
D) A
E) None of these choices

Question 42

In the diagram, where is the marginal branch?

A) A
B) B
C) D
D) E
E) F

Question 43

In the diagram, where does the blood pass from the right atrium into the right ventricle?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 44

In the diagram, this supplies the walls of the ventricles with oxygenated blood.

A) B
B) C
C) D
D) E
E) F

Question 45

Contraction of the atrial contractile fibers (atrial systole) begins after the ___ wave appears.

A) A
B) B
C) E
D) D
E) C

Question 46

In the diagram, these contain coronary blood vessels and a variable amount of fat.

A) F and H
B) A and B
C) C and G
D) E and I
E) D and F

Question 47

In the diagram, where is the posterior interventricular branch?

A) B
B) D
C) E
D) F
E) C

Question 48

In the figure, which letter indicates the onset of ventricular repolarization?

A) A
B) B
C) E
D) D
E) C

Question 49

In the diagram, which of the following carry oxygenated blood?

A) A
B) B
C) F
D) E
E) All of these choices

Question 50

During which phase does the aortic valve open?

A) A
B) B
C) E
D) D
E) C

Question 51

In the diagram, where is an atrioventricular valve?

A) B
B) D
C) A
D) B and D
E) B, D, and A