Deck 14: The Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

Cranial nerve V is also known as the ___ nerve.

A) trochlear
B) oculomotor
C) trigeminal
D) vagus
E) abducens

Answer 1

C

Question 2

During a somatic spinal reflex, when one effector muscle is stimulated and the opposing muscle is inhibited, this type of innervation is called

A) reversal innervation.
B) relaxed innervation.
C) representative innervation.
D) reciprocal innervation.
E) relegated innervation.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The connective tissue sheath around a group of neuronal fibers (a fascicle) is called the

A) endoneurium.
B) perineurium.
C) epineurium.
D) fasciculus.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In the figure, the Vagus cranial nerve would be represented by:

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 5

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc changes body condition levels?

A) sensory receptor
B) sensory neuron
C) motor neuron
D) effector
E) integration neuron or interneuron

Question 6

In response to being stretched, a muscle spindle generates nerve impulses that propagate along a sensory neuron through which structure listed below, to get into the spinal column?

A) anterior root
B) posterior root
C) tectospinal tract
D) central canal
E) lateral reticulospinal tract

Question 7

Which of the following nerves is NOT a branch of the Lumbar Plexus of spinal nerves?

A) femoral nerve
B) iliohypogastric nerve
C) obturator nerve
D) phrenic nerve
E) ilioinguinal nerve

Question 8

In response to excessive tension on a tendon, a tendon organ generates a somatic spinal reflex that, ultimately, causes what response?

A) contraction of the agonist muscle
B) relaxation of the antagonist muscle
C) contraction of the antagonist muscle
D) relaxation of the agonist muscle
E) both contraction of the antagonist muscle and relaxation of the agonist muscle

Question 9

Which nerves move the eyeball?

A) cranial nerves II, III and IV
B) cranial nerve I, V and X
C) cranial nerve III, IX and V
D) cranial nerve III, IV and VI
E) cranial nerve X, XII and XII

Question 10

In the figure, which letter illustrates the Trigeminal Nerve?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 11

There are ___ pairs of cranial nerves, whereas, there are ___ pairs of spinal nerves in the body.

A) 12; 31
B) 31; 12
C) 10; 30
D) 12; 24
E) 12; 32

Question 12

Which of the following cranial nerves carries sensory information to the olfactory area of the brain?

A) cranial nerve I
B) cranial nerve V
C) cranial nerve VI
D) cranial nerve VIII
E) cranial nerve X

Question 13

The stretch and tendon spinal reflexes do NOT provide which of the following functions?

A) awareness of muscle tension in body
B) prevention of damage to muscles
C) protection of spinal nerves
D) prevention of damage to tendons
E) maintenance of muscle tone

Question 14

In response to a muscle being overstretched, a muscle spindle generates a somatic spinal reflex that, ultimately, causes what response?

A) contraction of the agonist muscle
B) relaxation of the antagonist muscle
C) contraction of the antagonist muscle
D) relaxation of the agonist muscle
E) both contraction of the agonist muscle and relaxation of the antagonist muscle

Question 15

Which of the following nerves is NOT a branch of the Brachial Plexus of spinal nerves?

A) musculocutaneous nerves
B) median nerve
C) lesser occipital nerve
D) radial nerve
E) ulnar nerve

Question 16

Which cranial nerve is responsible for regulating visceral activity?

A) oculomotor
B) trigeminal
C) spinal accessory
D) facial
E) vagus

Question 17

Discuss the three (3) branches of the trigeminal cranial nerve.

Question 18

In the figure, which letter illustrates the cranial nerve responsible for smell?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 19

Which cranial nerve's motor axons function in movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing?

A) glossopharyngeal nerve
B) hypoglossal nerve
C) facial nerve
D) trigeminal nerve
E) accessory nerve

Question 20

Which cranial nerve is responsible for smiling and frowning?

A) oculomotor
B) trigeminal
C) spinal accessory
D) facial
E) vagus

Question 21

Which of the following is not considered a part of the prevertebral ganglia?

A) celiac ganglion
B) terminal ganglion
C) superior mesenteric ganglion
D) inferior mesenteric ganglion
E) All of these choices are prevertebral ganglia

Question 22

The superior and inferior gluteal nerves originate in the

A) cervical plexus.
B) sacral plexus.
C) thoracic nerves.
D) brachial plexus.
E) lumbar plexus.

Question 23

Jerking your bare foot up from hot pavement would describe

A) a cranial reflex.
B) a autonomic reflex.
C) a spinal reflex.
D) both autonomic reflex and spinal reflex.
E) None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 24

A postganglionic neuron

A) releases neurotransmitter at the effector cell.
B) has myelinated axons.
C) is the first part of an autonomic motor pathway.
D) has its cell body in the brain or spinal cord.
E) has its axons exiting the CNS through cranial nerves.

Question 25

The nerve that innervates the perineum region of the body would be the

A) femoral nerve.
B) obturator nerve.
C) sciatic nerve.
D) plantar nerve.
E) pudendal nerve.

Question 26

Reflexes not consciously perceived and involving responses of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands, would best describe

A) cranial reflexes.
B) effectors.
C) reflex arc.
D) autonomic reflexes.
E) somatic reflexes.

Question 27

Sam was playing baseball when the ball hit him on the right side of face above the lower jaw. As a result, the corner of his mouth has a tendency to droop slightly. This could be caused from damage to

A) the glossopharyngeal nerve.
B) the trigeminal nerve.
C) the facial nerve.
D) mandibular nerve.
E) abducens nerve.

Question 28

The longest and thickest nerve in the body innervating most of the lower limb would best describe the

A) femoral nerve.
B) sciatic nerve.
C) fibular nerve.
D) tibial nerve.
E) obturator nerve.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT correct concerning a preganglionic neuron?

A) It forms the first part of an autonomic motor pathway.
B) It has its cell body in the brain or spinal cord.
C) It has its axon exiting the CNS with a cranial or spinal nerve.
D) It has myelinated axons.
E) It forms a gap junction with the postganglionic neuron.

Question 30

Sensory receptors that monitor the internal environment of the body, such as chemoreceptors that monitor blood CO2 level and mechanoreceptors that detect the degree of stretch in the walls of organs or blood vessels would be ___.

A) interoceptors
B) spinal reflexes
C) cranial reflexes
D) the ganglion
E) None of these answer choices are correct

Question 31

Autonomic motor neurons regulate visceral activities by

A) increasing activities in effector tissue.
B) decreasing activities in effector tissue.
C) changing direction of synapse in the axons.
D) both increasing activities in effector tissue and decreasing activities in effector tissue.
E) None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 32

Which of the following would normally have the shortest preganglionic axons?

A) sympathetic ganglia
B) parasympathetic ganglia
C) autonomic plexuses
D) white ramus
E) gray ramus

Question 33

A change in the internal or external environment triggering an action would describe

A) a stimulus.
B) an effector.
C) a motor neuron.
D) an integrating center.
E) a reflex arc.

Question 34

Which of the follwing does NOT describe the Sympathetic division?

A) short preganglionic neurons
B) ganglion in the head
C) thoracolumbar output
D) synapse with blood vessels
E) stimulate sweat glands

Question 35

Which of the below terms describes an effector innervated by both the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic divisions?

A) preganglionic stimulation
B) biganglion excitation
C) multi-autonomic output
D) reciprocal innervation
E) dual innervation

Question 36

The output of the ANS does NOT control

A) exocrine glands.
B) skeletal muscle.
C) cardiac muscle.
D) smooth muscle.
E) endocrine glands.

Question 37

Which of the following is (are) involved in regulating the autonomic nervous system?

A) hypothalamus
B) brainstem
C) special senses
D) hypothalamus and brainstem
E) All of these answer choices are correct

Question 38

Interoceptors are found in

A) blood vessels.
B) visceral organs.
C) muscles.
D) All of these answer choices are correct.
E) None of these answer choices are correct.

Question 39

The mixed cranial nerve that is distributed from the head and neck into the thorax and abdomen and is the only cranial nerve that extends beyond the head and neck region would describe

A) vagus nerve.
B) glossopharyngeal nerve.
C) accessory nerve.
D) trigeminal nerve.
E) trochlear nerve.

Question 40

Which of the following is not an example of terminal ganglia?

A) ciliary ganglion
B) pterygopalatine ganglion
C) submandibular ganglion
D) otic ganglion
E) All of these answer choices are parasympathetic terminal ganglion

Question 41

Which of the following are classified as cholinergic receptors?

A) nicotinic and adrenergic receptors
B) muscarinic and somatic receptors
C) adrenergic and somatic receptors
D) nicotinic and muscarinic receptors
E) somatic and nicotinic

Question 42

Where is the hypogastric plexus in the figure?

A) J
B) K
C) D
D) F
E) N

Question 43

Preganglionic neurons are supplied to the submandibular ganglion by which cranial nerve?

A) cranial nerve III
B) cranial nerve VII
C) cranial nerve IX
D) cranial nerve X
E) None of these answer choices are correct

Question 44

Preganglionic neurons from which nerve supply the genitals?

A) cranial nerve III
B) cranial nerve VII
C) cranial nerve IX
D) cranial nerve X
E) pelvic splanchnic nerve

Question 45

What does this figure represent?

A) somatic nervous system motor pathway
B) somatic nervous system sensory pathway
C) autonomic nervous system motor pathway
D) autonomic nervous system sensory pathway
E) None of these answer choices are correct

Question 46

Which of the following send parasympathetic postganglionic axons to the parotid salivary gland?

A) ciliary ganglia
B) pterygopalatine ganglia
C) submandibular ganglia
D) otic ganglia
E) None of these answer choices are correct

Question 47

Where is the right sympathetic trunk ganglion?

A) E
B) B
C) G
D) M
E) N

Question 48

Where is the right vagus nerve in the figure?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) H
E) K

Question 49

Which ganglion supplies the stomach with postganglionic neurons?

A) middle cervical ganglion
B) inferior cervical ganglion
C) celiac ganglion
D) inferior mesenteric ganglion
E) prevertebral ganglion

Question 50

Where is the superior mesenteric ganglion in the figure?

A) E
B) F
C) G
D) L
E) N

Question 51

Which nerve supplies the inferior mesenteric ganglion with preganglionic neurons?

A) lumbar splanchnic nerve
B) lowest splanchnic nerve
C) greater splanchnic nerve
D) cardiac plexus
E) pulmonary plexus

Question 52

Which of the following neurotransmitters bind to autonomic receptors?

A) nicotine and adrenaline
B) muscarine and acetylcholine
C) norepinephrine and muscarine
D) norepinephrine and acetycholine
E) somatin and nicotine

Question 53

What region does the superior cervical ganglion serve?

A) abdominal
B) pelvic
C) heart
D) head
E) None of these answer choices are correct

Question 54

Autonomic tone is regulated by

A) the medulla oblongata.
B) the cerebellum.
C) the cerebrum.
D) the vermis.
E) the hypothalamus.

Question 55

Where is the esophageal plexus in the figure?

A) C
B) D
C) K
D) E
E) L

Question 56

Postganglionic neurons from which ganglion supply the lacrimal gland?

A) ciliary ganglion
B) pterygopalatine ganglion
C) submandibular ganglion
D) otic ganglion
E) pelvic splanchnic nerve

Question 57

The celiac ganglion receives preganglionic neurons from

A) lesser splanchnic nerve.
B) greater splanchnic nerve.
C) superior mesenteric ganglion.
D) inferior mesenteric ganglion.
E) lumbar splanchnic nerve.

Question 58

Where is the cardiac plexus in the figure?

A) A
B) B
C) H
D) I
E) J

Question 59

Which of the following is NOT caused by the sympathetic division?

A) increased heart rate
B) airway constriction
C) decreased blood flow to kidneys and gastrointestinal tract
D) increased blood flow to skeletal and cardiac muscle, liver, and fat
E) increased blood glucose level

Question 60

Which of the follwing is NOT caused by the parasympathetic division?

A) decreased heart rate
B) airway constriction
C) dilation of the pupils of the eyes
D) increased digestion
E) increased urine production

Question 61

A patient with chronic skeletal muscle spasms was placed on an anticholinergic medication. The muscle spasms have gone, but now the patient also reports a loss of muscle strength. In addition, the patient's blood pressure is so low that she faints if she stands up too quickly. Explain the effects of the medication the patient received.

Question 62

Explain how the ANS regulates blood flow during times of fight or flight vs. times of rest-and-digest.

Question 63

In a reflex arc, which part functions to govern body condition levels?

A) sensory receptor
B) sensory neuron
C) motor neuron
D) effector
E) integration neuron or interneuron

Question 64

Compare and contrast the overall responses of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Question 65

Explain why the sympathetic division of the ANS has more widespread and longer lasting effects than the parasympathetic division.