Deck 5: Anxiety Obsessive Compulsive and Trauma Related Disorders

Question 1

If a person experiences severe panic symptoms only when speaking in public he/she is said to have ____ attacks.

A) depersonalized
B) disordered
C) expected
D) unexpected

Answer 1

expected

Question 2

According to the textbook, which anxiety disorder is most likely to be associated with agoraphobia?

A) social anxiety disorder
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) panic disorder
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Answer 2

panic disorder

Question 3

People who regularly experience unexpected panic attacks may be diagnosed with

A) panic disorder.
B) panic attack disorder.
C) anxiety attacks.
D) anxiety attack disorder.

Answer 3

panic disorder.

Question 4

When worry, anxiety, and fear become severe and create trouble for a person, he/she may be experiencing a(n)

A) panic attack.
B) anxiety-related disorder.
C) fear reaction.
D) somatoform disorder.

Question 5

People who have panic disorder have panic attacks. At least one of these attacks must be followed by

A) a week of concern about having another attack.
B) demonstrable delusions about what the panic attack might mean.
C) a month or more of concern about having another attack, worry about what the attack might mean, or change in behavior.
D) 2 to 3 months of concern, worry, and behavioral change.

Question 6

Differences between worry, anxiety, and fear can be illustrated along a continuum that includes

A) potential threat.
B) approaching threat.
C) imminent threat.
D) all of these.

Question 7

Eliana is at a party and begins to feel uncomfortable that she is not safe there. Several of the guys have been trying to get her to go upstairs with them alone, and keep offering her more drinks. As she discerns that her safety is at risk in this situation, her heart rate increases, she finds she cannot concentrate on conversations, and she simply leaves as quickly as she possibly can. Eliana is best described as experiencing

A) fear.
B) panic.
C) anxiety.
D) worry.

Question 8

When a client has symptoms of ____, he/she experiences feelings of imminent threat, severe arousal, scarce cognition, and high levels of focus and reaction.

A) worry
B) anxiety
C) fear
D) apprehension

Question 9

Common physical symptoms associated with a panic attack include

A) dizziness.
B) worry about losing control.
C) worry about dying.
D) all of these choices.

Question 10

Worry, anxiety, and fear are often viewed along a dimension of

A) anger.
B) stress.
C) severity.
D) cause.

Question 11

The emotional state of anxiety includes

A) pre-event, the event itself, and post-event arousal.
B) cognitive dread, avoidance, and recovery.
C) autonomic, sympathetic, and parasympathetic activity.
D) physical feelings, thoughts, and behaviors.

Question 12

The intense emotional state that occurs when a threat is imminent or actually occurring is most accurately termed

A) fear.
B) anxiety.
C) worry.
D) stress.

Question 13

Angelina reported experiencing intense feelings of fear, apprehension, and physical symptoms that lasted around 10 minutes or so. Her experience is most consistent with a

A) panic attack.
B) phobia.
C) phobic attack.
D) generalized anxiety attack.

Question 14

​When a person experiences severe levels of anxiety, fear, and worry, he/she may have a(n)

A) mood disorder.
B) phobia.
C) anxiety-related disorder.
D) debilitating panic.

Question 15

Worry, anxiety, and fear are different constructs. Which of the following is FALSE regarding worry, anxiety, and fear?

A) Fear is a largely cognitive concept referring to concerns about future threat.
B) Anxiety is an emotional state that occurs as a threatening situation draws close.
C) Worry helps people prepare for future events and solve problems.
D) Fear that is very intense and severe is panic.

Question 16

As an individual gets closer to object or event that is feared, his or her internal arousal level will

A) become more severe.
B) level off as the fight-or-flight decision is made.
C) become ultimately less and less severe.
D) be unrelated to the danger level.

Question 17

Anxiety about being in places where panic attacks may occur, especially places where escape might be difficult, is most accurately termed

A) limited anxiety.
B) agoraphobia.
C) panic disorder.
D) social phobia.

Question 18

A symptom of panic disorder is

A) unexpected panic attacks.
B) at least one month or more of concern or worry about having future panic attacks.
C) significant maladaptive behavior change related to the panic attacks.
D) all of these choices.

Question 19

Malcolm is in the middle of a panic attack. As part of the experience, he feels like this situation cannot quite be real. This particular symptom is known as

A) depersonalization.
B) derealization.
C) dissociation.
D) cognitive distortion.

Question 20

People who worry tend to think about

A) things that happened in the past.
B) the bad things that might happen in the future.
C) anxiety.
D) fear.

Question 21

The key aspect of generalized anxiety disorder, worry, is reported by many people with the disorder to be

A) lifelong.
B) situational.
C) temporary.
D) short-term.

Question 22

Kyla is terrified of small spaces like elevators and closets. Kyla is experiencing symptoms characteristic of a(n) ____ phobia.

A) social
B) blood-injection-injury
C) situational
D) natural environment

Question 23

Social phobia is also sometimes referred to as

A) social performance anxiety.
B) phobia-social subtype.
C) social anxiety disorder.
D) agoraphobia.

Question 24

If someone with social phobia mainly experiences fear and anxiety around giving speeches publicly, the disorder is specified as

A) socialized.
B) generalized.
C) performance only.
D) specific.

Question 25

In obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessions are ____, and the compulsions are ____.

A) behaviors; thoughts
B) distinctly abstract; distinctly concrete
C) worrisome but harmless; harmless but unusual
D) troublesome repetitive thoughts; repetitive ritualistic behaviors

Question 26

Rituals or habits that are performed in response to recurrent, persistent thoughts are known as

A) obsessions.
B) compulsions.
C) anxiety.
D) psychosomatic illness.

Question 27

The key aspect of generalized anxiety disorder that separates it from other anxiety disorders is

A) panic attacks.
B) intense fear.
C) overwhelming dread.
D) uncontrollable worry.

Question 28

Many people with social phobia believe they will do something to make themselves appear foolish before others, such as

A) stuttering.
B) fainting.
C) freezing.
D) all of these choices.

Question 29

Nancy has extreme levels of worry about a wide assortment of different activities and events. Within the anxiety disorder category, she is experiencing symptoms most consistent with

A) specific phobia.
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) social anxiety disorder.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 30

An excessive, unreasonable fear of a certain object or situation is a(n)

A) precise phobia.
B) specific phobia.
C) specific anxiety.
D) limited intense phobia.

Question 31

Jonas is extremely anxious about speaking in public. This anxiety does not simply apply to giving speeches, but even to speaking in a conversation with another person, ordering a meal from another person, making a doctor's appointment, and so forth. Because of his extreme anxiety, he rarely does these activities, and finds ways around them. For example, he will not eat out at all, and his sister makes most of his doctor's appointments for him when necessary. Jonas's strategies for not engaging in these activities illustrate a key feature of anxiety known as

A) behavioral avoidance.
B) worry.
C) physical arousal.
D) catastrophizing.

Question 32

Extreme levels of worry about many different events or activities are common to

A) panic disorder.
B) mood disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) cognitive disorders.

Question 33

One characteristic of social phobia that will interfere with one's ability to live a normal life is

A) intense fear of being in situations where one could be negatively evaluated.
B) shopping when people are not around.
C) working in jobs where one can be alone.
D) none of these choices.

Question 34

Common obsessions include

A) checking locks, washing hands, double takes, and trembling.
B) doubt, need for order, sexual imagery, and aggressive impulses.
C) counting things, rearranging things, and imagining things.
D) removing debris and nail biting.

Question 35

Early onset of generalized anxiety disorder is ____; late onset of generalized anxiety disorder is ____.

A) not associated with a specific life event; associated with a specific life event
B) associated with a specific life event; not associated with a specific life event
C) the most reliably diagnosed anxiety-related disorder; the least reliably diagnosed anxiety-related disorder
D) the least reliably diagnosed anxiety-related disorder; the most reliably diagnosed anxiety-related disorder

Question 36

People with social phobia often have

A) expected panic attacks in stressful situations.
B) expected panic attacks in performance situations.
C) unexpected panic attacks.
D) physical symptoms like headaches when in social settings.

Question 37

Generalized anxiety disorder and worry are largely ____ concepts.

A) cognitive
B) physical
C) behavioral
D) psychosocial

Question 38

Fears of specific areas such as enclosed spaces in airplanes and elevators is referred to as

A) natural environment phobia.
B) levophobia.
C) specific phobia.
D) blood-injection-injury phobia

Question 39

Which of the following is a situation that might cause a person with social phobia high levels of anxiety?

A) ordering dinner in a restaurant
B) working on a programming project
C) learning a foreign language through an Internet-based program
D) all of these choices

Question 40

Intense and ongoing fear of potentially embarrassing interpersonal or performance situations is characteristic of

A) panic disorder.
B) panic attack.
C) social phobia.
D) agoraphobia.

Question 41

If people with a stress disorder have symptoms that continue longer than one month, they may be diagnosed with

A) prolonged acute stress disorder.
B) chronic stress disorder.
C) posttraumatic stress disorder.
D) post-chronic distress disorder.

Question 42

One diagnostic criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder is

A) exposure to traumatic events where a person experienced, witnessed, or confronted an event involving actual or threatened death or serious injury to oneself or someone else.
B) an abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes and may include symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, trembling or shaking and sensations of shortness of breath or smothering.
C) marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others.
D) excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities.

Question 43

Intolerable thoughts about harming an infant would be considered an obsession of

A) doubt.
B) need for order.
C) impulses toward aggression.
D) sexual imagery.

Question 44

Caitlin is certain that her nose is too large, that her face is beginning to wrinkle, and that her eyes are set too far apart. She pursues many cosmetic surgeries in an effort to "correct" these flaws, which most people cannot even see in the first place. Caitlin is experiencing symptoms most consistent with

A) trichotillomania.
B) hoarding disorder.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) body dysmorphic disorder.

Question 45

​People with social phobia

A) ​are more likely to have expected panic attacks compared to unexpected panic attacks.
B) ​are more likely to have unexpected panic attacks compared to expected panic attacks.
C) ​typically do not experience panic attacks.
D) ​have panic attacks that last approximately 2-3 hours.

Question 46

Individuals who are diagnosed with acute stress disorder or PTSD often experience feelings of ____ about the event.

A) outrage
B) lack of focus
C) unworthiness
D) helplessness

Question 47

If distressing memories, dreams, dissociation, and avoidance associated with a trauma last from three days to one month following the event, a person is most likely to be diagnosed with ____ stress disorder.

A) chronic
B) posttraumatic
C) acute
D) permanent

Question 48

When symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder do not occur until 6 months after the trauma or later, ____ expression is said to have occurred.

A) delayed
B) chronic
C) acute
D) immediate

Question 49

Jackson is constantly worried about germs. To deal with this worry, he often washes his hands, cleans his kitchen, scrubs doorknobs, and so forth. The cleaning behavior does provide some relief from the worry for a few moments, but the worries always return. Jackson would be most likely to be diagnosed with

A) agoraphobia.
B) panic disorder.
C) specific phobia.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 50

Mala is a survivor of the typhoon in the Philippines. Nearly a year after the typhoon, she begins to experience flashbacks of the storm itself, has nightmares about the days following the storm when food and water were unavailable, and other symptoms. Mala likely has

A) posttraumatic stress disorder, immediate expression.
B) acute stress disorder, immediate expression.
C) posttraumatic stress disorder, delayed expression.
D) acute stress disorder, delayed expression.

Question 51

​In order to be diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder, a person must

A) ​have obsessions, compulsions, or both.
B) ​have both obsessions and compulsions.
C) ​engage in compulsions for at least 10 hours a day.
D) ​demonstrate preoccupation with germs.

Question 52

Posttraumatic stress and acute stress disorder follow

A) regular events.
B) specific traumatic events.
C) social events.
D) contact with specific animals.

Question 53

Substantial distress when separation from a major attachment figure occurs or is expected to occur is characteristic of

A) PTSD.
B) acute stress disorder.
C) separation anxiety disorder.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 54

Many people with rituals are not disturbed by their behavior, but people with obsessive-compulsive disorder find their obsessions and compulsions to be

A) mildly distressing.
B) moderately distressing.
C) extremely distressing.
D) tolerable.

Question 55

​Hispanic culture places a great emphasis on physical symptoms to express distress or anxiety. This may explain the concept

A) ​ataques de nervios.
B) ​emotionales physical.
C) ​latah.
D) ​cultura de emotionales.

Question 56

Which disorder typically develops within 3 to 6 months of a devastating event?

A) acute stress disorder
B) posttraumatic stress disorder
C) chronic specific event disorder
D) trauma-focused disorder

Question 57

Body dysmorphic disorder is now believed to be most closely related to ____ disorder.

A) panic
B) generalized anxiety
C) phobic
D) obsessive-compulsive

Question 58

Which of the following is a key reexperiencing symptom in posttraumatic stress disorder?

A) flashbacks
B) trouble remembering important aspects of the trauma
C) trouble concentrating
D) hypervigilance

Question 59

To be categorized as an actual compulsion for the purposes of diagnosis, a behavior must take place at least

A) one hour per day.
B) six hours per day.
C) two weeks per month.
D) six months per year.

Question 60

Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder must last at least ____ for a diagnosis to be made.

A) one month
B) three months
C) six months
D) one year

Question 61

How does stigma affect treatment-seeking behavior for individuals with anxiety-related disorders?

A) It increases the probability of seeking treatment so as to avoid stigma.
B) It delays but does not prevent a person from seeking treatment.
C) It makes a person less likely to seek treatment.
D) It makes a person more likely to seek treatment, and to seek it more quickly than if there is no stigma.

Question 62

Anxiety disorders in general tend to be more common among ____ than ____.

A) males; females
B) females; males
C) heterosexuals; homosexuals
D) homosexuals; heterosexuals

Question 63

Of the anxiety disorders, the disorder with the highest 12 month and lifetime prevalence rate is

A) generalized anxiety disorder.
B) posttraumatic stress disorder.
C) social anxiety disorder.
D) specific phobia.

Question 64

Genetic researchers often rely on ____ studies, in which a certain disorder is examined in people and their close relatives.

A) neuroimaging
B) family studies
C) comorbidity studies
D) longitudinal studies

Question 65

Anxiety-related disorders are associated with

A) eating disorders.
B) avoidance personality disorder.
C) dependent personality disorder.
D) all of these choices.

Question 66

School refusal behavior may occur

A) to avoid something related to school that causes great distress.
B) to escape uncomfortable social or performance situations.
C) to get attention from parents.
D) due to any of these choices.

Question 67

In South and East Asia, an intense fear of one's penis or nipples retracting into the body and shrinking in size is known as

A) pa-leng.
B) koro.
C) dhat.
D) latah.

Question 68

​Military personnel may avoid treatment for PTSD because

A) ​of low rates of PTSD among military personnel.
B) ​military personnel are psychologically immune to PTSD.
C) ​of stigma associated with seeking treatment.
D) ​military regulations prevent military personnel from seeking treatment.

Question 69

A compulsion to pull out one's hair, eyelashes, eyebrows, and other body hair is called

A) anxiety disorder.
B) panic disorder.
C) trichotillomania.
D) pa-leng.

Question 70

Ongoing or chronic absences from school can lead to long-term problems such as

A) delinquency.
B) dropping out.
C) occupational problems in adulthood.
D) all of these choices.

Question 71

People exposed to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, and other natural disasters also commonly develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress and

A) personality disorders.
B) somatic symptom disorder.
C) depression.
D) neurocognitive disorder.

Question 72

The Taoists believe that semen is as a source of strength, so any perceived threat to ejaculation, such as genital shrinkage, may provoke

A) depression.
B) anxiety.
C) panic.
D) hallucinations.

Question 73

In Malaysia, an exaggerated startle response mixed with shouting obscenities is known as

A) pa-leng.
B) koro.
C) dhat.
D) latah.

Question 74

Separation anxiety disorder is marked by substantial distress that must last at least ____ in children and adolescents.

A) one week
B) four weeks
C) three months
D) six months

Question 75

Identical twins and non-identical or fraternal twins are compared in ____ studies.

A) longitudinal
B) twin
C) cofactorial
D) first degree

Question 76

Strong fears of specific items such as snakes and other animals, heights, flying in planes, enclosed spaces, illness or injury, blood, water, death, medical procedures, and being alone are ____ in the general population.

A) common
B) rare
C) indicative of disorder
D) diagnostic criteria

Question 77

Anxiety disorders and ____ are commonly comorbid.

A) personality disorders
B) bipolar disorder
C) substance abuse
D) delinquency

Question 78

____ racial differences have been found with respect to anxiety disorders among European Americans, African Americans, and Hispanics within the United States.

A) Many
B) Few
C) Major
D) Striking

Question 79

Which statement about anxiety and anxiety disorders is most accurate?

A) Nearly half of the general population will have symptoms consistent with the diagnosis of an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives.
B) Because the symptoms of anxiety disorder are so distressing, most people seek treatment within a few days of the onset.
C) Many people experience symptoms of anxiety- related disorders that do not necessarily rise to the level of a formal diagnosis.
D) Social anxiety disorder has, by far, the lowest 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates of any of the anxiety disorders.

Question 80

​Physical symptoms of panic attack include

A) ​heart palpitations.
B) ​shortness of breath.
C) ​sweating.
D) ​all of these choices.