Deck 15: Consumer Guide to Abnormal Psychology

Question 1

An RN who has received specialized training in addressing the needs of people with severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia is referred to as a

A) psychosocial nurse.
B) psychoanalytic nurse.
C) psychiatric nurse.
D) psychosomatic nurse.

Answer 1

psychiatric nurse.

Question 2

In terms of treatment, a combination of ____ and ____ is best for many people.

A) psychological treatment; medication
B) meditation; medication
C) self-help groups; medication
D) psychological treatment; self-help groups

Answer 2

psychological treatment; medication

Question 3

Psychologists who apply psychological principles to legal issues are referred to as

A) developmental psychologists.
B) legal psychologists.
C) forensic psychologists.
D) quasi-legal psychologists.

Answer 3

forensic psychologists.

Question 4

Who is a counseling psychologist most likely to provide treatment to?

A) Elaine, who is having difficulties with her boyfriend
B) John, who is experiencing a manic episode
C) Valerie, who was recently diagnosed with schizophrenia
D) Martin, who is a chronic alcoholic and is homeless

Question 5

Clinical psychologists are often trained to work with people with severe behavioral problems, and often do so using a ____ approach in which modifying behavior is the primary goal.

A) choice-oriented
B) change-oriented
C) decision-oriented
D) humanistic

Question 6

The thematic focus of the Consumer Guide to Abnormal Psychology (the final chapter of your textbook) is

A) the treatment process.
B) the diagnosis process.
C) prognosis of a diagnosis.
D) distressing behaviors.

Question 7

Psychologists who tend to be more research-based and focus on developing effective strategies to teach children and adults different concepts like reading or arithmetic are

A) counseling psychologists.
B) clinical psychologists.
C) educational psychologists.
D) school psychologists.

Question 8

Psychologists who are usually affiliated with elementary, junior, and high schools and often assess children at risk for learning, developmental, and other mental disorders that could interfere with academic achievement are

A) counseling psychologists.
B) clinical psychologists.
C) educational psychologists.
D) school psychologists.

Question 9

Which type of psychologists tend to focus on people with less severe problems, such as those needing vocational counseling or marriage and family therapy?

A) educational psychologists
B) school psychologists
C) counseling psychologists
D) clinical psychologists

Question 10

Psychologists who focus on children and learning-based issues are ____ psychologists.

A) educational and school
B) educational and counseling
C) school and counseling
D) clinical

Question 11

Medical doctors who can prescribe medication for people with mental disorders are

A) therapists.
B) psychologists.
C) psychiatrists.
D) social workers.

Question 12

Individuals who perform assessments and interventions under professional supervision, while not holding advanced degrees, are known as

A) novice analysts.
B) paraprofessionals.
C) graduate assistants.
D) paratherapists.

Question 13

A psychologist or psychiatrist with specialized training in Freudian-based psychoanalysis may be referred to as a

A) psychopsychologist.
B) psychopsychiatrist.
C) psychoanalyst.
D) psychosocial worker.

Question 14

Clinical psychologists who conduct research on abnormal behavior would be considered

A) practitioners.
B) scientists.
C) parapsychologists.
D) socio-psychologists.

Question 15

Clinical psychologists who conduct a wide range of psychological testing and provide diagnosis and treatment of people with mental disorders would be considered

A) practitioners.
B) scientists.
C) parapsychologists.
D) socio-psychologists.

Question 16

Special education teachers usually have a master's degree and are most likely to work closely with students with developmental disorders, such as

A) transient adjustment disorders.
B) intellectual disability or autism.
C) antisocial personality.
D) Tourette's.

Question 17

Beyond academic credentials, a clinical psychologist must have a ____ to practice independently.

A) two-year internship followed by a residency
B) three-mentor endorsement
C) state licensing board certification
D) federal equivalency certification

Question 18

Which intervention is most consistent with the traditional roles and responsibilities of a social worker?

A) providing psychoanalytic treatment to persons with schizophrenia
B) linking individuals with mental disorders with community resources
C) providing rehabilitation and retraining to a person with traumatic brain injury
D) prescribing mood stabilizers to someone with bipolar disorder

Question 19

Which statement about clinical psychologists and the prescription of medications is most accurate?

A) Clinical psychologists can legally prescribe medication in all states and jurisdictions of the United States.
B) Clinical psychologists can legally prescribe medication in some states and jurisdictions of the United States.
C) Clinical psychologists cannot prescribe medications in the United States because of ethical, but not legal, prohibitions.
D) Clinical psychologists are legally barred from prescribing medications in all states and jurisdictions under federal law.

Question 20

Psychologists who study human perception, memory, and thinking processes are referred to as

A) experimental and developmental psychologists.
B) cognitive and behavioral psychologists.
C) educational and cognitive psychologists.
D) cognitive and perceptual psychologists.

Question 21

How a therapist supports certain members of the marriage or family to "balance out" differences in power is an example of therapeutic

A) alignment.
B) alliance.
C) powershift.
D) control.

Question 22

Process variables are aspects of therapy that are

A) common to all successful treatments.
B) specific to each therapeutic relationship.
C) less important during than after therapy.
D) identified as goals and shared with the client.

Question 23

A client should engage in constant self-exploration or ____ to challenge internal assumptions and enjoy positive life experiences.

A) construction
B) conception
C) retrospection
D) introspection

Question 24

Many universities offer community-based, ____ treatment.

A) psychoanalytic
B) highly experimental
C) sliding-scale cost
D) residential

Question 25

Janis is trying to find a therapist to work with. He has major depressive disorder. Which question would it be inappropriate for Janis to ask a potential therapist?

A) "Do you offer a sliding scale for your fees?"
B) "What type of therapy do you provide?"
C) "What is your theoretical orientation?"
D) "What is your income level?"

Question 26

Eliana is in therapy for aggression. During the course of one of her therapeutic sessions, she realizes that much of her aggression stems from anger when she feels rejected by others. As part of realizing this, she and her therapist begin to work on building Eliana's social skills so that she will experience less rejection. Eliana's realization that her aggression stems from anger in reaction to depression is an example of which active ingredient in therapy?

A) mastery
B) self-control
C) insight
D) reflection

Question 27

Andrea wants to go to graduate school in clinical psychology. Which of the following would be most helpful to her?

A) engaging in clinical research with a faculty mentor while an undergraduate
B) volunteering at the food kitchen
C) joining a sorority that has mental illness as its major philanthropic effort
D) participating in extracurricular activities related to wellness to demonstrate how well-rounded she is

Question 28

One active ingredient of treatment is enhancing self-control. People with mental disorders learn in therapy to control their own maladaptive

A) thoughts, but not physiological responses.
B) physiological responses, but not behaviors.
C) behaviors, but not thoughts.
D) thoughts, physiological responses, and behaviors.

Question 29

When considering the possibility of consuming mental health services, prospective clients should

A) rush in indiscriminately since time is the main issue.
B) identify the problem or need, seek referrals, and seek a specialist.
C) consider self-analysis first, then seek a professional.
D) make sure it is not just a passing inconvenience.

Question 30

In your textbook, Julia Martinez discusses the ____, which occurs when graduate school seems horrible and depressing because everyone seems to be smart and outstanding.

A) constructive cultural differences
B) "shining star" syndrome
C) graduate school intimidation
D) imposter feeling

Question 31

Gaining progress in the area of self-control will lead to ____ of certain symptoms, which will result in less distress from them.

A) mastery
B) exacerbation
C) elimination
D) minimizing

Question 32

Which statement most accurately reflects current gender disparities in graduate education for psychologists?

A) Although women have typically been the majority of students applying to graduate psychology programs, women have only recently become the majority of students in all graduate psychology programs.
B) While women make up more than two-thirds of students in counseling and clinical psychology graduate programs, women make up less than half of the graduate faculty in those fields.
C) Although women continue to make up the majority of students in graduate psychology programs, they have only recently become the majority of faculty in graduate programs.
D) Women currently make up almost half of the students in clinical and counseling psychology programs and are nearly two-thirds of the graduate faculty in those areas.

Question 33

For therapy at the individual level, the two main factors that are considered important in enhancing therapeutic outcomes are

A) active treatment ingredients and outcome variables.
B) passive treatment ingredients and process variables.
C) active treatment ingredients and process variables.
D) passive treatment ingredients and outcome variables.

Question 34

Interactions of the therapist and client, also known as the therapeutic ____, should be productive, free-flowing, and honest.

A) alignment
B) alliance
C) analysis
D) establishment

Question 35

Understanding the reasons behind one's own behavior is referred to as

A) mastery
B) self-control
C) self-exploration
D) insight

Question 36

While effective therapies can educate a client about what is needed for improvement, a client must also

A) educate others about his/her needs.
B) practice new skills.
C) appreciate the need.
D) understand the process.

Question 37

The gain that many clients make due primarily to the expectation of improvement is called the

A) psychosomatic effect.
B) expectation rebound.
C) placebo effect.
D) subjective improvement effect.

Question 38

Harold is applying his knowledge to the workplace and is studying productivity and quality of work-life. Harold is likely working as a(n)

A) industrial/organizational psychologist.
B) health psychologist.
C) industrial psychiatrist.
D) occupational therapist.

Question 39

Margeaux has autism, though it is not severe. She is in therapy to develop her social skills. As she tries out a skill in a role-playing exercise, her therapist lets her know how she is doing. "A little more eye contact next time," says the therapist. "Let's try it again." Margeaux's therapist is providing Margeaux with

A) insight.
B) self-control.
C) introspection.
D) feedback.

Question 40

When a clinician lets a client know how he/she is doing on a particular skill, the clinician is best described as offering the client

A) reflection.
B) feedback.
C) insight.
D) obstruction.

Question 41

The theory behind placing people with pervasive developmental disorders into smaller, community-based facilities is called

A) acclimation.
B) normative behavioral modeling.
C) normalization.
D) anti-stratification.

Question 42

Treatment that focuses on enhancing quality of life for people and concentrating on their relationships with different social structures is included under the rubric of

A) personal psychology.
B) community psychology.
C) social psychology.
D) integrative psychology.

Question 43

A main advantage of ____ is that large numbers of people with problems can be helped.

A) self-help groups
B) institutions
C) community centers
D) private counseling

Question 44

Psychologists who conduct assessment, treatment, or research regarding child custody cases, criminal profiling, eyewitness testimony, police interrogations, interpersonal violence, sexual harassment, and jury selection are

A) police psychologists.
B) forensic psychologists.
C) criminal psychologists.
D) social psychologists.

Question 45

All of the following are consistent with the roles of a forensic psychologist EXCEPT

A) researching eyewitness testimonies.
B) conducting child custody evaluations.
C) carrying out the direct sentencing of criminals.
D) testifying in court about the validity of psychological assessments.

Question 46

One basic right of people in mental health settings is to receive care that provides a meaningful chance at some improvement. This right is known as the

A) right to refuse treatment.
B) least restrictive treatment.
C) right to treatment.
D) right to psychiatric care.

Question 47

Some group homes are ____ restrictive as larger residential facilities, which may hinder certain skills.

A) far less
B) somewhat less
C) just as
D) far more

Question 48

Self-help groups have produced numerous benefits and improved the quality of life for many people. However, they have also been criticized for

A) lack of professional presence and dropout rates.
B) being unrealistically supportive and overindulgent.
C) losing track of members and overfocusing on complex problems.
D) lack of accurate success statistics and being inconsistent.

Question 49

Aftercare services are ____ effective for people with severe mental disorders such as depression, substance abuse, and schizophrenia.

A) extremely
B) rarely
C) somewhat but not highly
D) almost never

Question 50

Controversy remains about how many people ____ aftercare services.

A) stay too long with
B) have access to
C) refuse to use
D) believe in the success of

Question 51

Treatment manuals are to ____ as prescriptive treatments are to ____.

A) custom-made; one-size-fits-all
B) one-size-fits-all; custom-made
C) small scale; large scale
D) large scale; small scale

Question 52

Community-based interventions often include public health policy regarding people with mental disorders. This policy often comes in the form of

A) sweeping government legislation.
B) community intervention.
C) institutional guidelines.
D) insurance reimbursement changes.

Question 53

Halfway houses, day hospitals, and supervised work and occupational centers are all aspects of

A) marginal placement efforts.
B) aftercare services.
C) arbitrary post treatment plans.
D) rehabilitation services.

Question 54

Movement to smaller, community-based facilities is based on ____, or the belief that people living in more typical circumstances will behave less unusually and be more valued by others.

A) validation
B) socialization
C) individuation
D) normalization

Question 55

Advantages of manualized treatments of mental disorders include

A) flexibility in adaptation.
B) efficacy for persons with multiple disorders.
C) brief treatment length.
D) personalized treatment.

Question 56

Which treatment intervention is most consistent with aims of community psychology?

A) a self-help group to reduce drug relapse
B) an aftercare services program for people with severe mental disorders
C) a residential treatment facility for people with developmental disorders
D) all of these choices

Question 57

Many clients report progress in therapy when they experience the release of emotions referred to as

A) therapeutic shift.
B) affective purging.
C) catharsis.
D) emotional realignment.

Question 58

Little Jimmy finds support and justification during family therapy with his domineering parents. The therapist has likely used the ____ to help "balance out" this imbalance of power.

A) power structure realignment technique
B) homeostatic family method
C) therapeutic alignment
D) arbitrary, inflammatory technique

Question 59

Prescriptive treatment is important when seeking therapy. Clients should expect any therapist to conduct a thorough assessment of their problem to determine the

A) best treatment.
B) course of the disorder.
C) disorder prognosis.
D) prospects for insurance coverage.

Question 60

Manualized treatments of mental disorders

A) provide detailed instructions for specific disorders.
B) have acknowledged individual etiology differences.
C) are general suggestions and identification guidelines.
D) are poorly organized and ineffective.

Question 61

Private practitioners are often ____, which means they use various techniques for various clients, depending on what seems most effective at the time.

A) researchers
B) eclectic
C) analytical
D) validity seeking

Question 62

A person has the right to ____, meaning he does not have to be subjected to risky psychological or medical procedures without proper consent.

A) refuse treatment
B) the least restrictive treatment
C) insurance coverage
D) ethical treatment

Question 63

Ethnicity is extremely relevant to the therapeutic process; research ____ in this area.

A) has been a prolific
B) has been inconclusive
C) remains sparse
D) is often contradictory

Question 64

A possible consequence of managed care is that some clients may ____ once their insurance company stops payments.

A) relapse
B) be reluctant to pay full value
C) end therapy
D) falsify another set of symptoms

Question 65

The main problem with evaluating research-based specialized clinics versus general private practice treatment is that researchers tend to be

A) too withdrawn from everyday realities.
B) focused on one specific disorder and do not address comorbidity.
C) unable to consider psychosocial variables.
D) only concerned with research reports.

Question 66

Researchers often ____ the very cases clinicians see in their practice.

A) include
B) modify
C) exclude
D) re-diagnose

Question 67

Therapists may be reluctant to treat problems such as social withdrawal because there is no

A) formal prognosis.
B) formal diagnosis.
C) treatment protocol.
D) evaluation instrument available.

Question 68

One ethical question raised by the use of managed care is

A) prognosis definitions.
B) diagnosis criteria.
C) DSM classifications.
D) how much to provide to the managed care company.

Question 69

Use of managed care can ____ services clients receive under certain coverage plans because insurance companies have essentially set the rules for what type of assessment and therapy a client can receive.

A) limit
B) improve
C) intensify
D) increase

Question 70

A psychologist is expected to ____ his/her value system onto a client.

A) carefully apply
B) refrain from projecting
C) overlay
D) force

Question 71

Basic rights for people hospitalized with mental disorders include the

A) right to personal privacy, the right to receive treatment, and the right to legal representation.
B) right to treatment, the right to refuse treatment, and the right to end one's life.
C) right to treatment itself, the right to refuse treatment, and the right to the least restrictive treatment.
D) right to legal counsel, the right to refuse treatment, and the right to be protected.

Question 72

Differences between a therapist and client with regard to religion, geographical and educational background, and income level can affect

A) the cost of therapy.
B) the type of therapy employed.
C) how long a person stays in therapy.
D) how effective the therapeutic session is.

Question 73

Cultural differences that can affect the treatment process include

A) language differences.
B) differences in beliefs about the cause(s) of mental disorders.
C) differences in education background between the therapist and client.
D) all of these choices.

Question 74

Common factors that may limit treatment's effectiveness include

A) non-prescriptive treatment, non-compliance, and client-therapist differences.
B) inaccurate diagnosis, inconsistent treatment, and client resistance.
C) marginal treatments, client non-commitment, and therapist distraction.
D) non-commitment from client and therapist, and vague goals.

Question 75

Intervention for people with mental disorders is based on a legal principle of ____, meaning a person should be effectively treated in a manner allowing as much freedom as possible.

A) right to refuse treatment
B) least restrictive treatment
C) greatest efficacy
D) consentuality

Question 76

When a client fails to put into action a plan developed with the therapist, he/she is said to be demonstrating

A) treatment antithesis.
B) resistance.
C) treatment non-compliance.
D) compliance refusal.

Question 77

Don is an atheist who feels that believing in a deity of any kind is a sign of intellectual weakness and needs to be removed from mental health practice. Karen and Curt come to him for marital counseling, and they are both evangelical Christians. To Karen and Curt, their problems cannot be addressed outside of understanding them in their religious context. Don, however, sees the religious context as the problem. Even if Don is an outstanding therapist, he may find it hard to counsel Karen and Curt successfully because of which limitation to therapy's effectiveness?

A) Karen and Curt's overcommitment to their religious beliefs
B) Don's overspecialiation as a researcher
C) managed care
D) client-therapist differences

Question 78

If you or someone you know is hospitalized for a mental condition, it is your right to ask

A) what the treatment options are.
B) how long a stay is required.
C) what conditions allow for discharge.
D) all of these choices.

Question 79

Private practitioners often use various techniques for clients, depending on which seems most effective at the time. This means they are considered to be ____ or a ____.

A) eclectic; generalist
B) analytical; generalist
C) analytical; specialist
D) eclectic; specialist

Question 80

In the case of someone who wishes to continue hurting himself, or with a society's right to be protected from a dangerous person, basic rights of a hospitalized individual may

A) conflict with each other.
B) be correlated with each other.
C) correspond with each other.
D) be comorbid with each other.