Deck 4: Ethical Standards

Question 1

A conflict of interest will result in harm being done to an individual or organization.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Withholding treatment and withdrawing treatment are example of active euthanasia.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Prospective payment systems establish gatekeeping procedures that may limit access to specialty care.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Confidentiality refers to the obligation of the health care provider to maintain patient information in a manner that will not permit dissemination beyond the health care provider.

Question 5

A health care worker who engages in sexual relations with one of her patients raises the question of conflict of interest.

Question 6

If a health care worker is aware of or suspects substance abuse by a coworker, it is not necessary to report the person unless they are compromising patient safety.

Question 7

Laws are created as a means to control behavior and protect the public from danger.

Question 8

Two concepts central to ethics are beneficence and nonmaleficence.

Question 9

The concept of rights derives from the concept of justice in the sense that both involve obligations; however, rights always encompass the values of fairness, honesty, and impartiality.

Question 10

The AHIMA has developed Standards for Ethical Coding which have eliminated the ethical dilemma of whether to focus on the accuracy of coding versus coding to obtain a better reimbursement for the health-care facility.

Question 11

Values is the basis for ethics, morals, etiquette, and law.

Question 12

Patients in today's health care systems are playing an increasingly active role in their own care.

Question 13

A good reality check is to turn to your colleagues to determine if an ethical dilemma is legitimate or based on misperception.

Question 14

Codes of ethics are binding agreements that are written specifically for each professional area.

Question 15

Philosophers and ethicists have suggested multiple approaches to ethical reasoning for thousands of years.

Question 16

An employee brings up a problem during a meeting that he feels needs to be discussed. This is an example of disparagement.

Question 17

Ethics and morals are recognized as being so similar they are used interchangeably.

Question 18

Beneficence refers to the prohibition against doing harm and operates in the ethical sense through the obligation to prevent evil or harm.

Question 19

The most common ethical challenges for HIM are coding-reimbursement and protection of sensitive information.

Question 20

Another readily understood concept in the health care field is fidelity.

Question 21

Which of the following would be an example of eugenics?

A) administering a lethal dose to a patient dying of AIDS
B) informing the parents before performing an abortion on a minor
C) sterilizing the mentally challenged
D) developing the technology for artificial insemination

Question 22

A young child receives a skin graft from a donor. What is the name of this type of graft?

A) autograph
B) allograft
C) xenograph
D) heterograph

Question 23

No one universal "right" answer exists that can be applied to every situation.

Question 24

Which of the following is the best example of paternalism?

A) following the philosophy of care with the tenet of "do no harm"
B) a health care provider limits the options presented to a patient that the health care provider feels is the best choice
C) informed consents are obtained after a complete discussion of options available for treatment
D) when a patient acquires a nosocomial infection while in the hospital, all charges are waived for treating this problem

Question 25

All of the following are concepts based on values EXCEPT

A) morals.
B) honesty.
C) law.
D) ethics.

Question 26

An order is placed in a patient's chart that is called a DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) or "no code." What is this an example of ?

A) passive euthanasia
B) active euthanasia
C) an illegal order
D) durable power of attorney

Question 27

Which of the following is a document, executed while a patient is competent, that provides direction as to medical care the patient should receive in the event they are incapacitated or unable to make personal decisions?

A) advance direction
B) durable power of attorney
C) living will

Question 28

A pharmacist who orders medical supplies from a company run by a family member may raise the question of which of the following?

A) disparagement
B) conflict of interest
C) neither a nor b
D) both a and b

Question 29

Roe v. Wade is a landmark case by the United States Supreme Court that addressed which of the following ethical issues?

A) genetic screening
B) surrogate mothers
C) contraceptive rights of minors
D) abortion

Question 30

Patient participation in their treatment process has been limited to some extent by the way in which the health care delivery system in the United States operates.

Question 31

Codes of ethics are living documents in the sense that they are open to change over time.

Question 32

Which of the following is the best example of the categorical imperative?

A) picketing against the right of the justice system to sentence someone to the death penalty
B) wanting to consider all the options before the decision is made on the best course of action
C) a patient contracts an infection while in the hospital and requires additional treatment due to this complication

Question 33

Which of the following is/are true about ethical challenges?

A) There is no clear-cut answer that exists.
B) They often occur when relationships and obligations clash.
C) They may occur when attempting to make a choice between two equally unfavorable alternatives.
D) All of the above.

Question 34

An impaired colleague is best described by which of the following?

A) A mentally challenged person is hired as a new employee.
B) An employee who cannot function properly due to substance abuse.
C) An employee who performs substandard work due to lack of interest in the job.
D) All of the above.

Question 35

Etiquette is the formal study of moral choices that conform to standards of conduct.

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of etiquette?

A) kneeling when receiving communion in a church
B) saying thank you or please as appropriate when communicating with others
C) making a judgment between right and wrong actions when caring for a patient

Question 37

Which of the following would be considered an ethical dilemma due to the advancement of today's science and technology?

A) Should an antibiotic be withheld so as not to prolong the life of a dying patient?
B) What process should be followed if an unconscious patient has not left an advance directive?
C) Should a patient be presented with medical options beyond their ability to comprehend?
D) Should embryonic stem cells be used for research?

Question 38

Which of the following is involved in research on human DNA?

A) Human Genome Project
B) United Network for Organ Sharing
C) Association of Gene Research
D) Healthcare Initiative Project

Question 39

The Patient's Bill of Rights serves to express to the patient the existence of such rights as privacy and confidentiality, but not informed consent.

Question 40

Which of the following examples would refer to the double effect principle?

A) giving a high dose of pain medications to assist the patient in the dying process
B) to have the patient both sign the consent and also to express verbally their understanding
C) an allergic reaction to an antibiotic that was prescribed to treat an infection

Question 41

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
when personal sacrifice is the consequence of following ideals

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 42

One of the most significant features of professional associations are their

A) Ethical Concepts
B) Moral Principles
C) Code of Ethics
D) Legal Concepts

Question 43

Who developed utilitarianism?

A) Jeremy Bentham
B) John Stuart Mill
C) John Bentham
D) Both a and b, not c
E) Both b and c, not a

Question 44

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
no obvious right or wrong

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 45

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
can result in disapproval of others, but not penalties

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 46

Autonomy is often associated with the concepts of

A) dignity, self-reliance, and individualism.
B) independence, self-determination, and freedom.
C) dignity, independence, and individualism.
D) independence, self-reliance, and freedom.

Question 47

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
when right behavior appears to bring about a wrong effect

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 48

The rule that all are innocent until proven guilty is an example of ____________________ justice

Question 49

In the absence of law, regulations, and standards, health care professionals can look to ____________________ ____________________ to provide a framework for decision making.

Question 50

What two types of advance directives are used in the health care setting?

A) Durable power of attorney
B) Living will
C) Power of attorney
D) Both a and b, not c
E) All of the above

Question 51

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
controlling authority involved

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 52

__________, also called "negative euthanasia," involves the practice in which no heroic measures are taken to preserve life.

A) Active euthanasia
B) Passive euthanasia
C) Euthanasia

Question 53

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
the choice is internal

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 54

All of the following are ethical challenges the health information field has experienced EXCEPT

A) changes in the health care environment.
B) requirements for documentation and access to and release of information.
C) changes in reimbursement systems and their attendant coding systems.
D) employee health and safety on the job.

Question 55

Who provides the Standards for Ethical Coding to guide coding professionals in ethical gray areas?

A) AMA
B) CMS
C) AHIMA
D) HIPAA

Question 56

Values are based on societal norms, religions are based on

A) family orientation.
B) honesty.
C) law.
D) hard work.

Question 57

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
when enforcement of law does not bring about justice

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 58

________ refers to the obligation of the health care provider to maintain patient information in a manner that will not permit dissemination beyond the health care provider.

A) Privacy
B) Confidentiality
C) Veracity

Question 59

Match the type of issue with the correct descriptor.
can result in penalties enforced by law

A)legal issue
B)ethical issue

Question 60

___________, also called "positive euthanasia," involves the practice of actions that speed the process of dying.

A) Active euthanasia
B) Passive euthanasia
C) Euthanasia

Question 61

Match the concept with the best definition
refers to the obligation to be fair to all people

A)beneficence
B)nonmaleficence
C)best interest standard
D)fidelity
E)justice
F)veracity
G)cost/benefit analysis

Question 62

Differentiate among ethics, morals, values, etiquette, and law.

Question 63

Match the concept with the best definition
refers to the qualities of kindness, mercy, and charity

A)beneficence
B)nonmaleficence
C)best interest standard
D)fidelity
E)justice
F)veracity
G)cost/benefit analysis

Question 64

Match the concept with the best definition
habitual truthfulness and honesty

A)beneficence
B)nonmaleficence
C)best interest standard
D)fidelity
E)justice
F)veracity
G)cost/benefit analysis

Question 65

Match the concept with the best definition
refers to faithfulness, loyalty, and devotion to one's obligations or duties

A)beneficence
B)nonmaleficence
C)best interest standard
D)fidelity
E)justice
F)veracity
G)cost/benefit analysis

Question 66

Name two of the three direct ethical roles a supervisor plays in an organization beyond her own personal conduct.

Question 67

List five behaviors that an employee can demonstrate in the workplace that will reflect elements of ethics.

Question 68

List two bioethical issues facing us today and briefly discuss the implications to society.

Question 69

Identify the two main ethical theories and briefly define each.

Question 70

A health care worker has recently been diagnosed as being HIV positive. What is his obligation to his patients? Does it matter if the health care worker is doing invasive or noninvasive procedures? Discuss the issue from the concepts of beneficence, nonmaleficence, and the patient's autonomy.

Question 71

The ethical concept of autonomy refers to independence, self-determination, or freedom. What are the three main elements of autonomy?

Question 72

Match the concept with the best definition
refers to the prohibition against doing harm

A)beneficence
B)nonmaleficence
C)best interest standard
D)fidelity
E)justice
F)veracity
G)cost/benefit analysis

Question 73

The medical insurance coverage for a hospitalized patient has met the maximum and any additional charges will not be paid. The only way to extend coverage is if the physician records an additional complication in the patient's health that needs further hospitalization for observation and/or treatment. The physician feels the patient needs additional time in the hospital prior to discharge. Discuss the potential ethical challenges in this situation.

Question 74

Match the concept with the best definition
determining what is in the best interest of an individual when he cannot make such a decision himself

A)beneficence
B)nonmaleficence
C)best interest standard
D)fidelity
E)justice
F)veracity
G)cost/benefit analysis

Question 75

Match the concept with the best definition
assigning values to options to determine the option with the higher utility

A)beneficence
B)nonmaleficence
C)best interest standard
D)fidelity
E)justice
F)veracity
G)cost/benefit analysis