Deck 2: Digital Image Processing

Question 1

The process of dividing a picture into small regions called pixels is referred to as:

A) sampling.
B) quantization.
C) analog-to-digital conversion.
D) scanning.

Answer 1

scanning.

Question 2

The systematic method of collecting data from the patient is called:

A) image processing.
B) data acquisition.
C) image display.
D) image communication.

Answer 2

data acquisition.

Question 3

Which of the following represents the logical order in digitizing an image?

A) Scanning, sampling, and quantization
B) Sampling, scanning, and quantization
C) Quantization, scanning, and sampling
D) Sampling, quantization, and scanning

Answer 3

Scanning, sampling, and quantization

Question 4

Nonvisible physical images include all of the following except:

A) temperature.
B) pressure.
C) elevation maps.
D) holograms.

Question 5

An example of a local operation that causes image brightness to change slowly or at a constant rate is called:

A) area processes.
B) low spatial frequency.
C) convolution.
D) high spatial frequency.

Question 6

Which of the following reduces the amount of data that makes up the image?

A) Image enhancement
B) Image restoration
C) Image analysis
D) Image compression

Question 7

The contraction for "picture element" is:

A) pixel.
B) voxel.
C) matrix.
D) address.

Question 8

Which of the following assigns integers to the brightness values measured by the PM?

A) Scanning
B) Sampling
C) Quantization
D) Analog-to-digital conversion

Question 9

A histogram in digital image processing is:

A) a plot of the number of pixels as a function of the number of gray levels.
B) a local operation.
C) a spatial frequency filter.
D) a windowing level.

Question 10

The purpose of image enhancement is:

A) to generate an image more pleasing to the observer.
B) to improve the quality of images that have distortions.
C) to allow measurements and statistics to be performed.
D) to reduce the size of the image.

Question 11

The least complicated and most frequently used image processing technique is the:

A) point operation.
B) local operation.
C) global operation.
D) geometric operation.

Question 12

An 8-bit analog to digital converter (ADC) will divide a signal into:

A) 8 parts.
B) 8 Parts.
C) 64 parts.
D) 256 parts.

Question 13

The origin of digital image processing stems from:

A) the space program.
B) General Electric.
C) Hounsfield.
D) the Mayo Clinic.

Question 14

Contrast stretching is an example of a:

A) local operation.
B) global operation.
C) geometric operation.
D) point processing technique.

Question 15

Pixels in a digital image representing information contained in a volume of tissue in the patient are referred to as a:

A) pixel.
B) voxel.
C) bit depth.
D) matrix.

Question 16

A digital image:

A) is a continuous image.
B) is a numerical representation of an object.
C) cannot be processed by a digital computer.
D) is a nonvisible physical image.

Question 17

A 10* 10 matrix consists of ______ pixels.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 100
D) 120

Question 18

In which of the following is the brightness level of each pixel in a picture measured by a photomultiplier tube (PM)?

A) Scanning
B) Sampling
C) Quantization
D) Digital to analog conversion

Question 19

Visible images include all of the following except:

A) paintings.
B) mathematical images.
C) photographs.
D) drawings.

Question 20

In which of the following are numerical representations of objects subjected to a series of operations to produce a desired result?

A) Digital image processing
B) Pattern recognition
C) Analog-to-digital conversion
D) Digital to analog conversion

Question 21

A digital image is a discrete function.

Question 22

Digital image processing can be defined as "subjecting numerical representations of objects to a series of operations to obtain a desired result."

Question 23

Which type of artifact will appear on a digital image as a result of poor sampling of the analog signal?

A) Beam hardening
B) Partial volume
C) Aliasing
D) Poor sampling does not create artifacts

Question 24

Which image processing hardware is responsible for high-speed processing of the input digital data?

A) Digitizer
B) Image memory
C) Internal image processor
D) Host computer

Question 25

Which type of image processing technique is intended to modify the spatial position of the pixels in an image?

A) Point processing operation
B) Geometric processing operation
C) Local processing operation
D) Global processing operation

Question 26

Which type of image compression results in no loss of information in the compressed image data?

A) Lossless
B) Lossy
C) Irreversible
D) Recoverable

Question 27

Digitization consists of four steps: scanning, sampling, quantization, and digital to analog conversion.

Question 28

A radiograph is an example of an analog image.

Question 29

Digital image processing techniques have been applied successfully in not only the space program but also in medical imaging.

Question 30

The sine wave is an example of an analog signal.

Question 31

Aliasing results in an artifact that appears as a moiré pattern in the image.

Question 32

A technique of filtering in the spatial domain rather than in the frequency domain is convolution.

Question 33

All images displayed for viewing by humans are in the spatial frequency domain.

Question 34

Which of the following is the final step in digitizing an image?

A) Sampling
B) Analog-to-digital conversion
C) Quantization
D) Scanning

Question 35

The total number of gray levels is called:

A) a matrix.
B) the gray scale.
C) an electronic signal.
D) bit depth.

Question 36

The output digital image must first be converted into an analog signal.

Question 37

Which of the following converts an analog signal (voltage) into digital data (numbers)?

A) An analog switch
B) An ADC
C) A digitizer
D) A digital to analog converter (DAC)

Question 38

An increase of matrix size (with no change in field of view (FOV)) will ____________ detail.

A) increase
B) decrease
C) not change
D) have no effect on

Question 39

Which ADC is more accurate with respect to sampling an analog signal?

A) 2-bit ADC
B) 4-bit ADC
C) 8-bit ADC
D) 16-bit ADC

Question 40

In which of the following is the quality improved of a digital image that has distortions or degradations?

A) Image enhancement
B) Image analysis
C) Image restoration
D) Pattern recognition

Question 41

Please match the following digital image processing concepts for each group. Answer selections may be used more than once.

This technique can result in the scaling and sizing of images

A)Global operations
B)Point operations
C)Local operations
D)Geometrical operations

Question 42

Explain briefly what is meant by convolution.

Question 43

The number of bits per pixel is the bit formation.

Question 44

Please match the following digital image processing concepts for each group. Answer selections may be used more than once.

A common operation in this processing technique is Fourier domain processing

A)Global operations
B)Point operations
C)Local operations
D)Geometrical operations

Question 45

Digital image processing was first developed for NASA's work in lunar and planetary exploration.

Question 46

The Fourier transform is used to transform one image domain into another image domain.

Question 47

A larger matrix results in a larger pixel size.

Question 48

Please match the following digital image processing concepts for each group. Answer selections may be used more than once.

In the operation, the entire input image is used to compute the value of the pixel in the output image

A)Global operations
B)Point operations
C)Local operations
D)Geometrical operations

Question 49

Please match the following digital image processing concepts for each group. Answer selections may be used more than once.

Spatial frequency filtering is an example of this operation

A)Global operations
B)Point operations
C)Local operations
D)Geometrical operations

Question 50

Please match the following digital image processing concepts for each group. Answer selections may be used more than once.

Gray-level mapping

A)Global operations
B)Point operations
C)Local operations
D)Geometrical operations

Question 51

Computers operate using the binary number system which operates with a base of 10.

Question 52

Please match the following digital image processing concepts for each group. Answer selections may be used more than once.

Most frequently used image processing technique

A)Global operations
B)Point operations
C)Local operations
D)Geometrical operations

Question 53

Please match the following digital image processing concepts for each group. Answer selections may be used more than once.

Also called area processes or group processes

A)Global operations
B)Point operations
C)Local operations
D)Geometrical operations

Question 54

What is the purpose of the host computer in a digital image processing system?

Question 55

What are the components of a digital image processing system?