Deck 9: Anatomy of Hearing

Question 1

Which of the following marks the boundary between the outer and middle ears?

A) Tympanic membrane
B) Ear drum
C) Isthmus
D) Footplate of stapes (and oval window)
E) a & b

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The lobule is

A) the noncartilaginous region in the inferior aspect of the pinna.
B) the cartilage frame of the pinna.
C) inferior to the cone of light on the tympanic membrane.
D) none of the above.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The tympanic membrane is

A) richly invested with osseous components.
B) about 55 mm² in area.
C) deep to the ossicular chain.
D) none of the above.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The tympanic membrane is

A) slightly concave as viewed from the ear canal.
B) slightly convex as viewed from the ear canal.
C) relatively immobile.
D) none of the above.

Question 5

The primary function of the pinna is

A) collection of sound.
B) sound localization.
C) amplification of sound.
D) a & b
E) all of the above.

Question 6

The umbo

A) marks the most distal point of attachment of the manubrium malli.
B) is the term for the deep sounds processed specifically by the tympanic membrane.
C) marks the most medial point of attachment of the manubrium malli.
D) none of the above.

Question 7

The concha is the

A) shell-like structure within the middle ear.
B) outer margin, also known as the "skiff."
C) bulge on the pinna just opposite Darwin's tubercle.
D) entrance to the ear canal.

Question 8

The tragus

A) is another name for the ear canal.
B) is the ligament surrounding the footplate of the stapes.
C) is a flap of tissue at the entrance to the ear canal.
D) none of the above.

Question 9

The external auditory meatus

A) serves the same function as the internal auditory meatus.
B) has bone deep to two-thirds of its epithelial tissue.
C) has cartilage deep to one-third of its epithelial tissue.
D) b & c
E) a, b, & c

Question 10

The pars flaccida is

A) the most flaccid portion of the external auditory meatus.
B) a portion of the eardrum with the least fibrous tissue.
C) another name for the umbo.
D) none of the above.

Question 11

The external auditory meatus is

A) approximately 7 mm in diameter.
B) approximately 1.5 cm long from the base of the concha to the tympanic membrane.
C) the ear canal.
D) a & b
E) a, b, & c

Question 12

Another name for the pinna is

A) auricle.
B) oracle.
C) audiology.
D) none of the above.

Question 13

Another name for earwax is

A) cementum.
B) centrum.
C) cenemon.
D) cerumen.

Question 14

The epithelial lining of the external auditory meatus

A) continues as both the superficial and deep layers of the tympanic membrane.
B) relies upon secreting epithelial cells of the middle ear for lubrication.
C) continues as the superficial layer of the tympanic membrane.
D) none of the above.

Question 15

The ear is

A) a structure designed for noncommunicative function.
B)
B) an energy transducer.
C) both a &
D) none of the above.

Question 16

A speculum is

A) a small patch of dirt or cerumen within the ear canal.
B) another name for eyeglasses.
C) a device used to look into cavities.
D) none of the above.

Question 17

The isthmus is

A) lateral to the tragus on the pinna.
B) a constriction in the external auditory meatus.
C) about 5 mm from the tympanic membrane.
D) a & b
E) b & c

Question 18

Manubrium means

A) hammer.
B) handle.
C) hand.
D) hard.

Question 19

The pars flaccida is

A) in the superior quadrant of the tympanic membrane.
B) between the posterior and anterior malleolar folds.
C) the most flaccid portion of the tympanic membrane.
D) a & b
E) a, b, & c

Question 20

The external auditory meatus

A) is roughly S-shaped.
B) takes a turn inferiorly at the junction of the cartilaginous and bony framework.
C) is slightly constricted at the margin of the bony and cartilaginous framework.
D) a & b
E) a, b, & c

Question 21

Because the ear converts acoustical energy to electrochemical energy, it is termed a ____________________.

Question 22

The head of the malleus

A) is the point of articulation with the incus.
B) projects into the epitympanic recess.
C) a & b
D) none of the above.

Question 23

The ____________________ of the incus articulates with the head of the malleus.

Question 24

The stapes articulates with the ____________________ process of the incus.

Question 25

The ____________________ of the tympanic membrane marks the most distal point of attachment of the tympanic membrane to the malleus.

Question 26

The chorda tympani

A) is a blood vessel that first surfaces in the external auditory meatus and passes into the middle ear space at the inferior margin of the tympanic membrane.
B) is a branch of the VII facial nerve.
C) can sometimes be seen through the superior tympanic membrane during otoscopy.
D) a & b
E) b & c

Question 27

The tympanic membrane is slightly (concave/convex) ____________________ when viewed from the external auditory meatus.

Question 28

The ____________________ serves as a collector of sound.

Question 29

The malleus

A) is also called the manubrium.
B) attaches to the round window by means of tiny ligaments.
C) is lateral to the incus.
D) none of the above.

Question 30

The auricle is also known as the ____________________.

Question 31

The ____________________ of the stapes resides within the oval window of the inner ear.

Question 32

The ossicles

A) act as an impedance-matching device
B) provide the means of communicating sound from the outer ear to the inner ear.
C) are the smallest bones of the body.
D) a & b
E) a, b, & c

Question 33

The (specific bone) ____________________ articulates directly with the tympanic membrane.

Question 34

The ____________________ of the malleus extends into the epitympanic recess of the middle ear.

Question 35

The ____________________ is between the helix and antihelixes.

Question 36

____________________ refers to the processes associated with hearing.

Question 37

The ____________________ is the largest of the ossicles.

Question 38

The ____________________ of the outer ear aids in localization.

Question 39

The ____________________ layer of the tympanic membrane is continuous with the epithelium of the external auditory meatus.

Question 40

The ossicles of the middle ear are

A) the densest bones of the body.
B) actually made of cartilage that has been infused with potassium ions.
C) embryologically related to the atlas and axis of the vertebral column.
D) a & b
E) none of the above.

Question 41

The scala ____________________ communicates with the vestibule.

Question 42

The ____________________ muscle is embedded within the bone of the posterior wall of the middle ear.

Question 43

The ____________________ muscle acts to restrain movement of the footplate of the stapes.

Question 44

The ____________________ window separates the middle ear space and scala vestibuli.

Question 45

The scala ____________________ houses the sensory organ for hearing.

Question 46

The osseous cochlea is divided into two incomplete chambers by the ____________________.

Question 47

The ____________________ muscle arises from the anterior wall of the middle ear.

Question 48

The ____________________ semicircular canal senses movement roughly within the transverse plane of the body.

Question 49

The ____________________ semicircular canal senses head movement roughly within the frontal plane.

Question 50

The VIII vestibulocochlear nerve passes within the _________________________ before entering the cranial cavity.

Question 51

The ____________________ muscle acts to restrain movement of the tympanic membrane.

Question 52

The tensor tympani muscle is innervated by the (name and number) ____________________ cranial nerve.

Question 53

The ____________________ is the core of the osseous labyrinth.

Question 54

The ____________________ is a landmark of the middle ear that is created by the basal turn of the cochlea.

Question 55

The oval window opens into the inner ear chamber known as the ____________________.

Question 56

The stapedius muscle is innervated by the (name and number) ____________________ cranial nerve.

Question 57

The cochlea completes approximately ____________________ turns from base to apex.

Question 58

The Eustachian tube courses from the middle ear space to open into the ____________________.

Question 59

The ____________________ window separates the middle ear space and the scala tympani.

Question 60

The footplate of the stapes is held in the oval window by the ____________________ ligament.

Question 61

Each (outer/inner) ____________________ hair cell shares innervation with as many as 10 other hair cells.

Question 62

The ____________________ is the sensory organ for hearing.

Question 63

The hair cells are invested with ____________________ that protrude through the cuticular plate.

Question 64

There is/are ____________________ row(s) of outer hair cells.

Question 65

The ____________________ are the sensory organ for the vestibular system.

Question 66

Each (outer/inner) ____________________ hair cell receives innervation from as many as 10 VIII nerve fibers.

Question 67

The fluid found within the scala media is called ____________________.

Question 68

There are approximately (number) ____________________ outer hair cells.

Question 69

What is the structure of the tympanic membrane?

Question 70

The cilia of the ____________________ hair cells are embedded within the tectorial membrane.

Question 71

What causes otitis externa, and why is it so painful?

Question 72

There are approximately (number) ____________________ inner hair cells.

Question 73

The outer and inner hair cells are separated by the ____________________.

Question 74

The scala ____________________ and scala media are separated by Reissner's membrane.

Question 75

The scala ____________________ and scala tympani are separated by the basilar membrane.

Question 76

There is/are ____________________ row(s) of inner hair cells.

Question 77

What is the sequence of events that result in otitis media with effusion?

Question 78

The fluid found within the scala tympani is termed ____________________.

Question 79

The region through which the scala tympani and scala vestibuli communicate in life is known as the ____________________.

Question 80

What are the three major structures that compose the ear?