Deck 3: Physiology of Respiration

Question 1

Respiratory capacity is measured using which of the following?

A) Manometer
B) Altimeter
C) Spirometer
D) Inclinometer

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The rate of flow of respiration is measured using which of the following?

A) Spirometer
B) Manometer
C) ECG monitor
D) Volt meter

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following refers to the gas exchange across the alveolar-capillary membrane?

A) Expiration
B) Profusion
C) Ventilation
D) Perfusion

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Flow is measured in

A) volts per hour.
B) amperes per minute.
C) cubic centimeters per minute.
D) millimeters per minute.

Question 5

Approximately how many cubic centimeters of air are exchanged during quiet tidal respiration, on average?

A) 250 cc
B) 500 cc
C) 750 cc
D) 1,000 cc

Question 6

Which of the following is the minute volume for quiet tidal respiration, on average?

A) 2,000 cc
B) 4,000 cc
C) 6,000 cc
D) 8,000 cc

Question 7

Which of the following refers to twisting of a shaft while one end of the shaft remains fixed and does not move?

A) Elastic forces
B) Elongation
C) Torque
D) Terminal mediation

Question 8

Which of the following have high elasticity?

A) Lungs
B) Cartilage
C) Bone
D) a & b
E) b & c

Question 9

Respiratory volume is measured using which of the following?

A) Spirometer
B) Nasometer
C) Gastrometer
D) Nasoendoscope

Question 10

What characteristic of cartilage makes it appropriate and beneficial for use in the respiratory passageway?

A) Cartilage is highly elastic.
B) Cartilage is easily transformed to bone.
C) Cartilage resists distension.
D) a & c
E) b & c

Question 11

Which of the following refers to the process of moving air through the respiratory system?

A) Respiration
B) Velarization
C) Ventilation
D) Nasalization

Question 12

In respiration, which of the following structures undergoes torquing?

A) Vertebrae
B) Chondral portion of rib
C) Costal portion of rib
D) a & b
E) b & c

Question 13

What is the approximate number of respiratory cycles per minute in quiet tidal respiration of an adult?

A) 9
B) 12
C) 15
D) None of the above

Question 14

Respiratory pressure is measured using which of the following?

A) Goniometer
B) Spirometer
C) Calorimeter
D) Manometer

Question 15

Which group of muscles is involved in actively torquing elements of the rib cage?

A) Abdominal muscles of inspiration
B) Thoracic muscles of inspiration
C) Abdominal muscles of expiration
D) Thoracic muscles of expiration

Question 16

Which of the following is the primary purpose of respiration?

A) Provides the means of gas exchange between an organism and its environment
B) Provides a source for phonation
C) Provides the energy source for speech
D) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following best describes what happens when the lungs expand?

A) Contraction of the muscles of inspiration pushes the diaphragm up, causing air to flow into the lungs.
B) Contraction of the muscles of inspiration decreases the volume of the thorax, causing a decrease in pressure (Boyle's law).
C) Expansion of the thorax causes the lungs to expand as a function of the negative intrapleural pressure between the parietal and visceral pleurae.
D) None of the above.

Question 18

What forces cause the rib cage to return to resting position following torquing of the rib-cage elements?

A) Elasticity
B) Gravity
C) Kinetic energy
D) a & b
E) a & c

Question 19

Which of the following best describes what happens during inspiration?

A) The muscles within the lungs contract, causing air to leave them.
B) The muscles within the lungs relax, permitting air to enter the lungs.
C) The muscles of inspiration contract, causing the thorax to increase in volume.
D) The muscles of the abdomen relax, allowing expansion of the diaphragm into the abdominal space.
E) Both c & d

Question 20

An adults has a larger respiratory capacity than an infant. Which of the following best explains this capacity difference?

A) An adult has a larger thorax
B) The adult lung is stretched to fill the thorax
C) The adult can voluntarily expand his or her lungs
D) a & b
E) a & c

Question 21

Vital capacity, on average, is ____________________ cc.

Question 22

A single cycle of quiet tidal volume will involve approximately ____________________ cc of air for the average adult female.

Question 23

The volume of air remaining in the lungs following complete expiration is termed ____________________.

Question 24

The amount of air that can be exhaled following tidal expiration, on average, is ____________________ cc.

Question 25

Which of the following best describes the rate of respiration for a newborn infant?

A) 40-70 breaths per minute
B) 40-50 breaths per minute
C) 70-90 breaths per minute
D) 12-18 breaths per minute

Question 26

____________________ capacity is the combination of inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and tidal volume.

Question 27

The volume of air that can be exhaled following tidal expiration is termed _________________________.

Question 28

_________________________ capacity is the combination of inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume.

Question 29

Which of the following best describes the difference between volumes and capacities?

A) Capacities refer to combinations of volumes that express physiological limits.
B)
B) Volumes are discrete, whereas capacities represent functional combinations of volumes.
C) Both a &
D) None of the above.

Question 30

The volume of air that can be inhaled, on average, following tidal inspiration is ____________________ cc.

Question 31

A single cycle of quiet tidal volume will involve approximately ____________________ cc of air for the average adult male.

Question 32

The amount of air we breathe during a respiratory cycle is referred to as ____________________.

Question 33

What is the term for the air that cannot be expelled during expiration?

A) Residual volume
B) Remaining capacity
C) Distributed volume
D) None of the above

Question 34

_________________________ is the volume that can be inhaled after a tidal inspiration.

Question 35

A single cycle of quiet tidal volume will involve approximately ____________________ cc of air for the average adult.

Question 36

Which of the following best describes the rate of respiration for an adult?

A) 40-70 breaths per minute
B) 40-50 breaths per minute
C) 70-90 breaths per minute
D) 12-18 breaths per minute

Question 37

Functional residual capacity is approximately ____________________ cc.

Question 38

The volume of air remaining in the lungs following complete expiration, on average, is ____________________ cc.

Question 39

The term ____________________ refers to combinations of volumes to express physiological limits.

Question 40

By what age do the lungs have their full complement of alveoli?

A) 8 years
B) 2 years
C) 16 years
D) 20 years

Question 41

During quiet expiration, alveolar pressure is approximately ____________________ cm H₂O.

Question 42

____________________ pressure and alveolar pressure are equivalent if the vocal folds are adducted.

Question 43

The pressure that can be measured within the mouth is called ____________________ pressure.

Question 44

____________________ pressure is another term for pulmonic pressure.

Question 45

At rest, intrapleural pressure is approximately ____________________ cm H₂O.

Question 46

The reference pressure for measurement of respiratory pressures is ____________________ pressure.

Question 47

Contraction of the abdominal muscles causes a(n) (increase/decrease) ____________________ of alveolar pressure.

Question 48

Atmospheric pressure is approximately ____________________ mm Hg.

Question 49

____________________ pressure represents the pressure within the individual alveolus.

Question 50

During quiet inspiration, alveolar pressure is approximately ____________________ cm H₂O.

Question 51

____________________ capacity is the total of tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume.

Question 52

____________________ is a term meaning "surface-active solution."

Question 53

____________________ capacity is the total of inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and residual volume.

Question 54

____________________ pressure represents the pressure between the parietal and visceral pleurae.

Question 55

Contraction of the external intercostal muscles causes a(n) (increase/decrease) ____________________ of alveolar pressure.

Question 56

During expiration, intraoral pressure is (negative/positive) ____________________ relative to atmospheric pressure.

Question 57

Contraction of the diaphragm causes a(n) (increase/decrease) ____________________ of alveolar pressure.

Question 58

The pressure that can be measured beneath the level of the vocal folds is ____________________ pressure.

Question 59

____________________ pressure and intraoral pressure and alveolar pressure are equivalent if the vocal folds are open.

Question 60

During inspiration, intraoral pressure is (negative/positive) ____________________ relative to atmospheric pressure.

Question 61

How does the respiratory cycle differ between adults, babies, and children?

Question 62

Match each term with a volume of air. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
h.total lung capacity
525 cc for male and female adults averaged

Question 63

Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles causes a(n) (increase/decrease) ____________________ of alveolar pressure.

Question 64

Abdominal muscles are involved in ____________________ expiration.

Question 65

Match each term to the correct descriptor. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
The volume of air that is inspired and expelled in one cycle of quiet breathing

Question 66

Match each term to the correct descriptor. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
The volume of air that remains in the lungs after forceful and complete expiration

Question 67

Match each term with a volume of air. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
h.total lung capacity
5,100 cc for male and female adults averaged

Question 68

When the diaphragm contracts, intrapleural pressure becomes (more/less) ____________________ negative.

Question 69

What is a pneumothorax, what can cause this condition, and what is the result?

Question 70

Adducting the vocal folds during expiration causes an immediate (increase/decrease) ____________________ in subglottal pressure.

Question 71

Match each term to the correct descriptor. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
The volume of air that can be expired after a tidal expiration

Question 72

Match each term with a volume of air. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
h.total lung capacity
1,100 cc for male and female adults averaged

Question 73

Match each term with a volume of air. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
h.total lung capacity
2,475 cc for male and female adults averaged

Question 74

Match each term to the correct descriptor. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
The volume of air that can be inspired after a tidal inspiration

Question 75

What position allows clients who are in the later stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS) to breathe most easily?

Question 76

The positive side of the relaxation-pressure curve represents the ____________________ forces of elastic tissue.

Question 77

Match each term to the correct descriptor. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
The air that includes tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume

Question 78

Match each term to the correct descriptor. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
The air that includes tidal inspiration and inspiratory reserve volume

Question 79

Match each term with a volume of air. Terms may be used more than once or not at all.
a.inspiratory reserve volume
b.expiratory reserve volume
c.resting tidal volume
d.residual volume
e.inspiratory capacity
f.vital capacity
g.expiratory capacity
h.total lung capacity
1,000 cc for male and female adults averaged

Question 80

What are the four basic processes of respiration?