Deck 14: Sexually Transmitted Infections

Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding the treatment of gonorrhea is accurate?

A)It is not a treatable infection.
B)It is treatable, but the underlying infection cannot be cured.
C)Treatment involves a lengthy course of anti-viral medication.
D)It is effectively treated with antibiotics.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

How many people in the world are estimated by the World Health Organization to be infected with an STI each year?

A)112 million
B)67 million
C)340 million
D)692 million

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The primary site of gonorrhea infection in women is the

A)cervix.
B)labia.
C)fallopian tubes.
D)endometrial lining.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

In men, gonorrhea may lead to __________, which can cause fertility problems.

A)epidymitis
B)pelvic inflammatory disease
C)prodromal symptoms
D)cervicitis

Question 5

Pharyngeal gonorrhea is characterized by

A)a yellow-green pus at the tip of the penis.
B)a persistent sore throat and throat infection.
C)swelling and inflammation of the cervix.
D)eye problems that could lead to blindness.

Question 6

What is the chance that a woman will contract gonorrhea after being exposed once by having sex with an infected partner?

A)10%
B)25%
C)40%
D)50%

Question 7

If left untreated, a woman's chlamydia infection can result in

A)HPV.
B)PID.
C)SID.
D)HSV.

Question 8

Because of resistant strains, the recommended antibiotic for treating gonorrhea is

A)ceftriaxone.
B)penicillin.
C)doxycycline.
D)erythromycin.

Question 9

Of the reportable bacterial STIs in Canada, the most common is

A)syphilis.
B)HIV.
C)gonorrhea.
D)chlamydia.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding the treatment of chlamydia is accurate?

A)It is not a treatable infection.
B)It is treatable but the underlying infection cannot be cured.
C)Treatment involves a lengthy course of anti-viral medication.
D)It is effectively treated with antibiotics.

Question 11

What is the chance that a man will contract gonorrhea after being exposed once by having sex with an infected partner?

A)10%
B)25%
C)40%
D)50%

Question 12

If left untreated, gonorrhea in women may result in

A)HPV.
B)SID.
C)PID.
D)HSV.

Question 13

The bacterium that causes syphilis is

A)ureaplasma urealyticum.
B)trichmonas vaginalis.
C)treponema pallidum.
D)S) sarcoptes.

Question 14

In nearly half of the cases of gonorrhea, individuals were also infected with

A)herpes.
B)chlamydia.
C)hepatitis B.
D)HIV.

Question 15

In the primary stage of syphilis, a painless chancre appears at the site of infection approximately ________ after infection has taken place.

A)two to three days
B)5 to 10 days
C)two to four weeks
D)six to eight weeks

Question 16

Approximately what percentage of chlamydia infections in women has no symptoms?

A)less than 15%
B)less than 30%
C)up to 50%
D)up to 70%

Question 17

A man who experiences a discharge from his penis that is clear at first but then becomes yellow to yellow-green within a couple of days is likely to have

A)chlamydia or gonorrhea.
B)chlamydia or syphilis.
C)gonorrhea or HPV.
D)gonorrhea or syphilis.

Question 18

Marcia has just learned from her gynecologist that she has a chlamydia infection. He advises her to immediately begin antibiotic therapy. Marcia learns that, without treatment, she runs an increased risk of

A)cervical cancer.
B)uterine cancer.
C)kidney damage.
D)infertility.

Question 19

Which of the following is not one of the factors that may have contributed to the increase in the reported rate of chlamydia in recent years in Canada?

A)an increase in the number of people being tested
B)an increase in the number of gonorrhea cases misdiagnosed as chlamydia
C)more sensitive tests being used
D)an increase in the number of people who were infected

Question 20

Approximately what percentage of chlamydia infections among men does not have symptoms?

A)less than 15%
B)less than 30%
C)up to 50%
D)up to 70%

Question 21

It is estimated that ______ of people in Canada with HIV are unaware that they are infected.

A)6%
B)16%
C)26%
D)46%

Question 22

Bacterial vaginosis is most often caused by

A)candida albicans.
B)gardnerella vaginalis.
C)trichomoniasis vaginalis.
D)molluscum contagiosum.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a bacterial STI?

A)syphilis
B)trichomoniasis
C)chlamydia
D)gonorrhea

Question 24

The most common symptom for women with vaginitis is

A)genital irritation.
B)itching and burning during urination.
C)inflammation.
D)odorous discharge.

Question 25

How many Canadian women will experience at least one yeast infection in their lifetime?

A)15%
B)30%
C)60%
D)75%

Question 26

The majority of people with HIV live in countries

A)in the northern hemisphere.
B)with higher than average numbers of gay males in the population.
C)that are low- or middle-income.
D)that are middle- or high-income.

Question 27

In the years just prior to 1997, women accounted for about 7% of AIDS cases in CanadA)By 2008, women accounted for about _____ of AIDS cases.

A)14%
B)24%
C)34%
D)44%

Question 28

Glen woke up this morning with a skin rash consisting of painless, red bumps over most of his body. He is running a slight temperature. At first he thought it was simply the flu, but then he remembered that he had seen a spot similar to those on his body but larger on his penis several months earlier. Glen's symptoms would be characteristic of

A)secondary stage syphilis.
B)primary stage syphilis.
C)latency stage syphilis.
D)tertiary stage syphilis.

Question 29

Kendra complains of burning and itching in the vulvA)In addition, she has noticed a foamy, whitish to yellow-green discharge. Which STI has Kendra contracted?

A)gardnerella
B)trichomoniasis
C)herpes
D)chlamydia

Question 30

Which is not another term for candidiasis?

A)thrush
B)moniliasis
C)vaginosis
D)yeast infection

Question 31

Syphilis can be transmitted in all of the following ways except

A)oral-genital contact.
B)using the same toilet seat as an infected person.
C)touching a chancre.
D)anal intercourse.

Question 32

Of the following STIs, which can be transmitted through infected semen or vaginal discharges on towels, washcloths, bedclothes, and toilet seats?

A)candidiasis
B)gonorrhea
C)syphilis
D)trichomoniasis

Question 33

What are viruses?

A)bacterial agents
B)tiny particles of DNA surrounded by a protein coating
C)particles that respond to antibodies in the blood stream
D)genetic mutations that enter the body through the skin or blood stream

Question 34

Trichomonas vaginalis is a

A)bacteria.
B)parasite.
C)virus.
D)fungus.

Question 35

The treatment of choice for syphilis is

A)a dose of T. pallidum antibodies.
B)ciprofloxacin.
C)penicillin.
D)doxycycline.

Question 36

In Africa, most new HIV infections are transmitted through

A)men having sex with men.
B)heterosexual sex.
C)contaminated needles.
D)blood transfusions.

Question 37

What percentage of Canadian women will have at least one episode of candidiasis during their lifetime?

A)25%
B)45%
C)75%
D)95%

Question 38

Which statement is true about latent stage syphilis?

A)The latent stage is marked by periodic outbreaks of chancres.
B)A person can be in the latent stage from 1 to 40 years.
C)In the latent stage, a mother cannot transmit syphilis to her child during delivery.
D)Spirochetes stop multiplying.

Question 39

Areez is seeing her gynecologist because she is experiencing itching, burning, and inflammation of the labia. In addition, she has noticed a white, thick, curd-like discharge. Areez's symptoms are characteristic of

A)a gardnerella infection.
B)a trichomonal infection.
C)a candida infection.
D)a gonorrheal infection.

Question 40

In a syphilis infection, a chancre usually heals in a few

A)hours.
B)days.
C)weeks.
D)months.

Question 41

The approximate percentage of genital herpes infections that are asymptomatic is

A)40%.
B)60%.
C)80%.
D)98%.

Question 42

HIV directly attacks the immune system by invading and destroying a type of lymphocyte called the

A)reverse transcriptase.
B)B cell.
C)CD4 cell.
D)antibodies.

Question 43

Which is not a bodily fluid that can transmit HIV?

A)blood
B)breast milk
C)vaginal secretions
D)saliva

Question 44

Which of the following statements about HSV-2 and condom use is most accurate?

A)Condoms do not offer any protection against HSV-2 transmission.
B)Consistent condom use reduces the risk of HSV-2 transmission but is not effective for lesions not covered by the condom.
C)People who use condoms consistently do not need to be concerned about HSV-2.
D)Condoms only reduce the risk of HSV-2 transmission when a person is having an outbreak.

Question 45

Which is not a disease connected with AIDS?

A)pneumonia
B)cryptorchidism
C)Kaposi's sarcoma
D)toxoplasmosis of the brain

Question 46

With respect to the psychological and social impact of herpes, which of the following statements is false?

A)People who view their infection as a manageable condition rather than as a medical calamity will have an easier time adjusting.
B)The psychological impact of herpes can be more distressing than its physical effects.
C)People with herpes are generally unable to establish and maintain intimate relationships.
D)Unattached people with herpes can be advised to look for partners who are trusting and caring.

Question 47

With respect to the treatment of genital herpes, which of the following statements is false?

A)There are no treatments available that can lessen the symptoms of herpes.
B)Warm bathes and aspirin may reduce pain during flare-ups.
C)Antibiotics are not effective in treating herpes.
D)Antiviral medications can reduce the frequency and duration of outbreaks.

Question 48

Highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS includes

A)Cervarix.
B)protease inhibitor.
C)enzyme-linked antigen.
D)ELISA.

Question 49

In 2008, what percentage of HIV-positive test reports was from men who have sex with men?

A)45%
B)65%
C)85%
D)95%

Question 50

Female-to-male HIV transmission through vaginal intercourse is _________ compared to male-to-female transmission through vaginal intercourse.

A)equally likely
B)less likely
C)slightly more likely
D)much more likely

Question 51

Which variants of the herpes virus can be transmitted through sexual contact?

A)HSV 1, 2, and 3
B)HSV 1 and 2
C)HSV 2 and 3
D)HSV 2

Question 52

In testing for HIV, an ELISA test detects

A)the number of CD4 cells circulating in the blood.
B)the amount of virus circulating in the blood.
C)the amount of virus in semen or vaginal fluids.
D)the presence of antibodies to HIV in the blood.

Question 53

Among First Nations people, the most common means of HIV transmission is/are

A)contaminated blood products.
B)men who have sex with men.
C)mother to child transmission.
D)injection drug use.

Question 54

Canadian researchers have found that HAART

A)reduces the risk of HIV transmission.
B)increases the risk of HIV transmission for men who have sex with men.
C)has no effect on HIV transmission.
D)increases the risk of HIV transmission for people who have other STIs.

Question 55

Worldwide, the main route of transmission for HIV is

A)heterosexual sex.
B)through blood and blood products.
C)through shared needles.
D)homosexual sex.

Question 56

What is hepatitis?

A)inflammation of the liver
B)inflammation of the large intestines
C)inflammation of the small intestines
D)inflammation of the pituitary gland

Question 57

Shortly after infection with the HIV virus, individuals will

A)have no symptoms.
B)begin to have night sweats and chronic diarrhea.
C)experience a slow decline in circulating antibody cells.
D)have flu-like symptoms that last for a few weeks, then disappear.

Question 58

In regard to transmission of the herpes virus, which statement is false?

A)Genital herpes can only be spread to others during an outbreak.
B)HSV-1 is easily transmitted through shared drinking glasses.
C)The herpes viruses can survive for several hours on toilet seats or other objects.
D)Herpes can be spread from one part of the body to another.

Question 59

Which is not a symptom of people with acute hepatitis?

A)jaundice
B)nausea
C)loss of appetite
D)genital lesions

Question 60

Which type of hepatitis is associated with contaminated food but can also be transmitted through oral-anal contact?

A)hepatitis D
B)hepatitis B
C)hepatitis A
D)hepatitis C

Question 61

Which is not true about pediculosis?

A)It is also called "crabs."
B)It causes itching.
C)It can be transmitted only through intercourse.
D)It can be treated with a prescription medication, a 1% solution of lindane.

Question 62

The IMB model for risk reduction involves

A)information, monogamy, behavioural skills.
B)injection drugs, multiple partners, bias.
C)information, motivation, behavioural skills.
D)identity, monogamy, biological susceptibility

Question 63

Which of the following statements about HPV is false?

A)Sexual intercourse is a common means of HPV transmission.
B)The Gardasil vaccine protects against cervical cancer but not against genital warts.
C)Consistent condom use reduces the risk of HPV infection.
D)HPV types 6 and 11 cause genital warts.

Question 64

A study by Klein and Knauper (2003)found that some young people are less likely to use condoms because they

A)are paralyzed by fear of STIs.
B)underestimate the effectiveness of condoms in preventing STIs.
C)do not know how to use condoms properly.
D)purposely avoid thinking about STIs.

Question 65

Which of the following statements concerning the STI risk of oral sex is most accurate?

A)Oral sex carries no risk of STI infection.
B)Oral sex is higher risk for STI transmission than intercourse.
C)Oral sex and intercourse carry an equal risk for HIV infection.
D)Oral sex carries a lower risk for HIV and some STIs than intercourse, but risk is not eliminated.

Question 66

HPV has been associated with an increased risk of

A)cervical and penile cancer.
B)pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.
C)ovarian and prostate cancer.
D)pelvic inflammatory disease and testicular cancer.

Question 67

The world's most common sexually transmitted infection is

A)HPV.
B)chlamydia.
C)gonorrhea.
D)HSV.

Question 68

Which of the following was not a reason given for not using condoms by gay and bisexual men participating in an Ontario study?

A)belief that condoms are not effective in preventing HIV
B)fear of erection loss with condom use
C)being in a trusting relationship
D)low self-esteem

Question 69

Of the STIs for which cases are reported, chlamydia is the most common.

Question 70

Men who have sex with men but who self-identify as heterosexual

A)use condoms less than men who only have sex with women.
B)use condoms less than men who identify as gay.
C)use condoms more than men who identify as gay.
D)use condoms equally as much as men who identify as gay.

Question 71

Which of the following statements about genital warts is true?

A)Removing genital warts eliminates the virus from the body.
B)A person infected with HPV types 6 or 11 will develop genital warts within a few weeks.
C)Although genital warts may recur after treatment they eventually will clear up.
D)Warts caused by HPV only infect the genital area.

Question 72

Which of the following statements about HPV infection is false?

A)It is estimated that up to 70% of Canadians will have an HPV infection in their lifetime.
B)Up to 90% of HPV infections will clear within two years.
C)Similar to HSV, HPV is considered to be a lifelong infection.
D)HPV types 16 and 18, which are responsible for most cases of cervical cancer, do not cause genital warts.

Question 73

In Canada, there are no national statistics available on the prevalence of genital herpes.

Question 74

Which of the following is not a biological factor involved in the epidemiology of STIs?

A)gender
B)asymptomatic cases
C)alcohol and drug abuse
D)lifelong infections

Question 75

Among sexually active women, condom use

A)is more common among 20- to 24-year-olds than among 15- to 19-year-olds.
B)is more common among 15- to 19-year-olds than among 20- to 24-year-olds.
C)is equally common among 15- to 19- and 20- to 24-year-olds.
D)more common among 30- to 39-year-olds than among 15- to 19-year-olds.

Question 76

Which of the following is unlikely to be accounted for in a rational decision-making model of STI risk-taking?

A)a person deciding not to use condoms because they have determined that their STI risk is low
B)a person agreeing to have unprotected sex because they don't want to lose their partner
C)a committed monogamous couple switching to oral contraception after two years together and getting HIV and other STI tests
D)after taking a sexuality course, a person deciding to use condoms more consistently

Question 77

A 2006 Public Health Agency of Canada study found that over half of Canadians

A)were unaware of the connection between HIV and AIDS.
B)had low or moderate levels of knowledge about HIV/AIDS.
C)had high levels of knowledge about HIV/AIDS.
D)had either very low or very high levels of knowledge about HIV/AIDS.

Question 78

Which of the following is not a reason identified in the literature reviewed in the textbook for why some women are at high risk for STI?

A)Women who love their partners are less likely to believe that they will contract an STI.
B)Women tend to be less concerned about STI than men.
C)Women who have abusive partners are less able to protect themselves from STI.
D)Women are more biologically susceptible to STI than men.

Question 79

Which is true regarding transmission of hepatitis?

A)Hepatitis A can be transmitted through vaginal intercourse, fellatio, or cunnilingus.
B)Hepatitis C is transmitted through contact with infected fecal matter.
C)Hepatitis D can be transmitted by contact with contaminated saliva.
D)Hepatitis B can be transmitted sexually, or through contaminated blood, menstrual blood, nasal secretions, or personal items like toothbrushes.

Question 80

During his four years at university Steve had three monogamous relationships in which he and his partner stopped using condoms only after they were together for a few weeks and Steve was certain that his partner was only having sex with him. During the same time period, Sanjay had four hook-ups where condoms were used with partners that he had never met before. Based on what we know about them, which statement about Steve and Sanjay's STI risk is most accurate?

A)Steve and Sanjay are at roughly equal risk for STI.
B)We do not have enough information to compare Steve and Sanjay's risk for STI.
C)Steve is at higher risk for STI than Sanjay.
D)Sanjay is at higher risk for STI than Steve.