Question 1

A 35-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal medulla.He experiences elevated blood pressure and increased anxiety.Which of the following hormones is the predominant one released by the tumor?

A) Antidiuretic hormone
B) Acetylcholine
C) Norepinephrine
D) Cortisol

Norepinephrine

Accepted Answer

The adrenal medulla predominantly secretes catecholamines, mainly epinephrine and norepinephrine. In the case of a pheochromocytoma, a type of tumor in the adrenal medulla, norepinephrine is often the predominant hormone released, leading to symptoms like elevated blood pressure and anxiety.

Question 2

When a patient uses repression to deal with psychological stress, which of the following assessment findings should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Decreased monocyte counts&#10;B) Increased eosinophil counts&#10;C) Decreased serum glucose&#10;D) Increased pulse rates&#10;E) Increased medication reactions

Accepted Answer

Decreased monocyte counts&#10;Increased eosinophil counts&#10;Increased medication reactions

Question 3

A nurse recalls that stress-induced stimulation of the adrenal cortex causes it to secrete:&#10;A) estrogen.&#10;B) cortisol.&#10;C) parathyroid hormone.&#10;D) adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH).

Accepted Answer

The adrenal cortex secretes cortisol in response to stress, which is stimulated by ACTH from the pituitary gland.

Question 4

Which of the following hormones enhances myocardial contractility?&#10;A) Oxytocin&#10;B) Prolactin&#10;C) Epinephrine&#10;D) Somatotropin

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, enhances myocardial contractility by increasing the force of heart muscle contractions, thereby improving cardiac output.

Question 5

When assessing the effects of elevated $\beta$-endorphins in a patient, which of the following should the nurse monitor?&#10;A) Peripheral vasoconstriction&#10;B) Hyperglycemia&#10;C) Pain inhibition&#10;D) Decreased immune cell activity

Accepted Answer

Elevated $\beta$-endorphins are known to inhibit pain as they are endogenous opioids that bind to opioid receptors, reducing the perception of pain.

Question 6

A 10-year-old female is arriving at a national spelling bee contest.Her heart starts beating faster and harder, and she begins to sweat.Which of the following is she experiencing?&#10;A) Anticipatory response&#10;B) Homeostasis&#10;C) Reactive response&#10;D) Exhaustion stage

Accepted Answer

The anticipatory response is the body's preparation for a perceived challenge or stressor, such as a spelling bee contest, leading to increased heart rate and sweating.

Question 7

Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and _____ is not successful.&#10;A) flight or fight response&#10;B) alarm&#10;C) adaptation&#10;D) arousal

Accepted Answer

Adaptation is the process by which the body attempts to adjust to stress. If adaptation is not successful, exhaustion occurs.

Question 8

Stress-induced catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla may result in:&#10;A) decreased blood flow to the brain.&#10;B) elevated blood pressure.&#10;C) decreased glycogen synthesis.&#10;D) decreased muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

Stress-induced catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla increases heart rate and blood pressure, and stimulates glycogen breakdown.

Question 9

A female student is driving to school when another driver nearly hits her.Her heart begins beating harder and faster as she becomes aroused and scared.Which of the following stages of the general adaptation syndrome is she experiencing?

A) Alarm stage
B) Stage of resistance
C) Adaptation
D) Exhaustion

Accepted Answer

The alarm stage is the first stage of the general adaptation syndrome, and it is characterized by a rapid increase in heart rate and blood pressure, as well as other physiological changes that prepare the body for a fight-or-flight response.

Question 10

After teaching about coping, which information indicates a correct understanding? Coping is best defined as the process of:&#10;A) adjusting to disease.&#10;B) preventing psychological distress.&#10;C) mediating anger.&#10;D) managing stressful challenges.

Accepted Answer

Coping is best defined as the process of managing stressful challenges, as it involves dealing with and attempting to overcome problems and difficulties.

Question 11

When a patient is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal cortex, which physiologic response would be expected?&#10;A) Decreased blood pressure&#10;B) Increased incidence of gastric ulcers&#10;C) Increased lipogenesis of extremities&#10;D) Decreased gastric secretion

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a patient is diagnosed with a...

Question 12

A student arrives at school to find that he/she has an exam for which he/she is unprepared.Which physiologic response would be expected?&#10;A) Decreased lipolysis&#10;B) Bronchoconstriction&#10;C) Decreased cortisol release&#10;D) Increased glucagon release

Accepted Answer

The answer of A student arrives at school to find...

Question 13

Stress induces sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal medulla.This causes the secretion of catecholamines, which include:&#10;A) epinephrine and aldosterone.&#10;B) norepinephrine and cortisol.&#10;C) epinephrine and norepinephrine.&#10;D) cortisol and aldosterone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stress induces sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal...

Deck 10: Stress and Disease