Deck 9: Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Question 1

Which information indicates a good understanding of bacterial vaccines? Most bacterial vaccines contain:

A) fully active bacteria.
B) synthetic bacteria.
C) dead bacteria.
D) bacterial toxins.

Answer 1

dead bacteria.

Question 2

A 5-year-old male becomes ill with a severe cough.Histologic examination reveals a bacterial infection, and further laboratory testing reveals cell membrane damage and decreased protein synthesis.Which of the following is the most likely cause of this illness?

A) Endotoxin
B) Exotoxin
C) Hemolysis
D) Septicemia

Answer 2

Exotoxin

Question 3

After studying about fungi, which information indicates a correct understanding of fungi? Fungi causing deep or systemic infections:

A) are easily treated with penicillin.
B) are extremely rare.
C) never occur with other infections.
D) are commonly opportunistic.

Answer 3

are commonly opportunistic.

Question 4

When the immunologist says that pathogens possess virulence, what does virulence mean?

A) Spreads from one individual to others and causes disease.
B) Induces an immune response.
C) Causes disease.
D) Damages tissue.

Question 5

A 50-year-old female experiences decreased blood pressure, decreased oxygen delivery, cardiovascular shock, and subsequent death.A complication of endotoxic shock is suspected.Which of the following is the most likely cause?

A) Gram-positive bacteria
B) Fungi
C) Gram-negative bacteria
D) Virus

Question 6

A nurse recalls bacteria become resistant to antimicrobials by:

A) proliferation.
B) attenuation.
C) specialization.
D) plasmid exchange.

Question 7

When the immunologist says that pathogens possess infectivity, what is the immunologist explaining? Infectivity allows pathogens to:

A) spread from one individual to others and cause disease.
B) induce an immune response.
C) invade and multiply in the host.
D) damage tissue.

Question 8

What common symptom should be assessed in individuals with immunodeficiency?

A) Anemia
B) Recurrent infections
C) Hypersensitivity
D) Autoantibody production

Question 9

An immunologist is discussing endotoxin production.Which information should the immunologist include? Endotoxins are produced by:

A) gram-negative bacteria.
B) gram-positive bacteria.
C) gram-negative fungi.
D) gram-positive fungi.

Question 10

After studying about viruses, which information indicates the student has a good understanding of viruses? Viruses:

A) contain no DNA or RNA.
B) are capable of independent reproduction.
C) replicate their genetic material inside host cells.
D) are easily killed by antimicrobials.

Question 11

Which information indicates a correct understanding of viral vaccines? Most viral vaccines contain:

A) active viruses.
B) attenuated viruses.
C) killed viruses.
D) viral toxins.