Deck 8: Alterations in Immunity

Question 1

A 30-year-old male is having difficulty breathing and has been spitting blood.He reports that he began experiencing this reaction after cleaning his pigeons' cages.Testing reveals he is suffering from allergic alveolitis.Which of the following is he experiencing?

A) Serum sickness
B) Raynaud phenomenon
C) Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity
D) Arthus reaction

Answer 1

Arthus reaction

Question 2

A 22 year old was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Which decreased lab finding would be expected to accompany this virus?

A) CD4+ T-helper
B) CD8 T-helper
C) CDC cells
D) CDC10 cells

Answer 2

CD4+ T-helper

Question 3

A 15-year-old male suffers from severe hemorrhage following a motor vehicle accident.He is given a blood transfusion, but shortly afterward the red blood cells are destroyed by agglutination and lysis.Which of the following blood type transfusion type matches would cause this?

A) A-A
B) B-O
C) AB-O
D) A-AB

Answer 3

A-AB

Question 4

A patient presents with poison ivy on the extremities, face, and buttocks after an initial exposure 48 hours ago.This condition is an example of:

A) anaphylaxis.
B) serum sickness.
C) delayed hypersensitivity.
D) viral disease.

Question 5

What is the chance that two siblings share both HLA haplotypes, making them a good match for an organ transplant from one to the other?

A) 100%
B) 75%
C) 50%
D) 25%

Question 6

Which information would indicate more teaching is needed regarding hypersensitivity reactions? Type _______ hypersensitivity reactions involve an antibody response.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 7

When a patient presents at the emergency department for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is:

A) urticaria.
B) hives.
C) anaphylaxis.
D) antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).

Question 8

A person is given an attenuated antigen as a vaccine.When the person asks what was given in the vaccine, how should the nurse respond? The antigen is:

A) alive, but less infectious.
B) mutated, but highly infectious.
C) normal, but not infectious.
D) inactive, but infectious.

Question 9

When a nurse notices that a patient has type O blood, the nurse realizes that anti-_____ antibodies are present in the patient's body.

A) A only
B) B only
C) A and B
D) O

Question 10

In addition to matching ABO antigens, a blood transfusion must also be matched for:

A) HLA type.
B) Rh antigen.
C) immunoglobulins.
D) platelet compatibility.

Question 11

When a patient asks the nurse what hypersensitivity is, how should the nurse respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as:

A) a reduced immune response found in most pathologic states.
B) a normal immune response to an infectious agent.
C) an excessive or inappropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigen.
D) antigenic desensitization.

Question 12

When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse remembers this disease is an example of:

A) autoimmunity.
B) alloimmunity.
C) homoimmunity.
D) alleimmunity.

Question 13

A 5-year-old male presents with low-set ears, a fish-shaped mouth, and involuntary rapid muscular contraction.Laboratory testing reveals decreased calcium levels.Which of the following diagnosis is most likely?

A) B-lymphocyte deficiency
B) T-lymphocyte deficiency
C) Combined immunologic deficiency
D) Complement deficiency

Question 14

When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?

A) Autoimmune
B) Anaphylaxis
C) Alloimmune
D) Allergic

Question 15

A nurse recalls that an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is:

A) bronchial asthma.
B) contact dermatitis.
C) serum sickness.
D) rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes AIDS?

A) HIV only infects B cells.
B) HIV is a retrovirus.
C) Infection does not require a host cell receptor.
D) After infection, cell death is immediate.

Question 17

A 30-year-old male was diagnosed with HIV.Which of the following treatments would be most effective?

A) Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
B) Protease inhibitors
C) Entrance inhibitors
D) Antiretroviral therapy (ART)

Question 18

A 30-year-old female complains of fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine color.Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation.Assuming a diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?

A) Anti-LE antibodies
B) Autoantibodies
C) Antiherpes antibodies
D) Anti-CMV antibodies

Question 19

A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard.He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties.He is suffering from:

A) immunodeficiency.
B) autoimmunity.
C) anaphylaxis.
D) tissue-specific hypersensitivity.

Question 20

A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with SLE.Which of the following findings would be considered a symptom of this disease?

A) Gastrointestinal ulcers
B) Decreased glomerular filtration rate
C) Rash on trunk and extremities
D) Photosensitivity

Question 21

A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Which symptoms are a result of a type II hypersensitivity? (Select all that apply.)

A) Anemia
B) Seizures
C) Lymphopenia
D) Facial rash
E) Photosensitivity

Question 22

The nurse would correctly respond that the etiology of a congenital immune deficiency is due to a(n):

A) negative response to an immunization.
B) adverse response to a medication.
C) renal failure.
D) genetic defect.

Question 23

An infant is experiencing hemolytic disease of the newborn.Which of the following would the nurse expect to find in the infant's history and physical?

A) The mother was exposed to measles.
B) The father was exposed to Agent Orange.
C) The baby is Rh positive.
D) The baby was born 6 weeks prematurely.