Deck 13: Focusing on Contemporary Issues

Question 1

A theory and therapy based on the premise that human mind is capable of changing itself: the right state of mind affects behavior; the behavior then produces the changes within the mind.

A) positive psychotherapy
B) group mind treatment
C) change-oriented therapy
D) mind-behavior therapy
E) right state of mind therapy

Answer 1

positive psychotherapy

Question 2

Japanese researcher-physicists studying human locomotion found that people with symptoms of clinical depression move similarly to people without depressive symptoms.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A field referring to a broad range of phenomena concerning "nonmaterial" matters related to faith, trust and hope, in contrast to "material" matters related to ownership, accumulation of possessions and competition is called:

A) non-materialism
B) third psychology
C) fourth psychology
D) quantum psychology
E) spirituality

Answer 3

spirituality

Question 4

Daniel Kahneman is the only psychologist:

A) to openly challenge cognitive psychology
B) to win the Nobel Prize
C) to openly challenge structural psychology
D) to live more than 100 years
E) to publish an article in the Newsweek

Question 5

A theory of the mind-body interaction suggesting the quantum nature of neurophysiological and psychological processes is called:

A) cosmic energy
B) quantum mind tradition
C) chakra tradition
D) meditation and free mind
E) new psychology

Question 6

Specific psychological features that we may develop early in life (for example, certain avoidant tendencies or hostile behavior) and that may later develop into serious psychopathological symptoms are called:

A) bad habits
B) impatience
C) latent vulnerability traits
D) negative cognitive responses
E) negative behavioral responses

Question 7

Latent vulnerability traits may later develop into:

Question 8

This theory suggests that people, despite seemingly acting in a rational and logical way, make constant mistakes in evaluating their chances to win or lose.

A) cosmic theory
B) cognitive theory
C) quantum theory
D) prospect theory
E) chance theory

Question 9

Psychologist Jodi Quas studies children's:

Question 10

Brian J. Scholl continues the experimental tradition of:

A) psychoanalysis
B) humanistic psychology
C) behaviorism
D) structuralism
E) Gestalt psychology

Question 11

Transpersonal psychology as a theoretical and applied field, focusing on business interactions.

Question 12

The main idea of evolutionary psychology is that certain elements of human behavior should be:

A) biologically useful
B) aggressive
C) culturally appropriate
D) politically correct
E) morally acceptable

Question 13

In themid-20th century, cognitive psychology gave a boost to studies of "subjectivity," giving them scientific strength of a computational science.

Question 14

Marilynn Brewer's theory postulates that humans are driven by two natural and opposing needs. The first is a need for assimilation and inclusion; the second is a need for:

Question 15

A model of an ideal and perfect human society is usually called:

A) progressivism
B) psychological delight
C) social utopia
D) socialism
E) behavioral bliss

Question 16

Psychologist Elissa Epel, in a series of studies, showed the importance of that may slow down aging.

A) education
B) sleep
C) physical exercise
D) financial independence
E) vitamins

Question 17

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine center examines claims related to nontraditional methods of healing.

Question 18

Martin Seligman constructed a therapeutic procedure called positive psychotherapy based on the premise that:

Question 19

Psychologist Robert Krueger is developing a new approach to psychopathology based on the concept of:

A) sensory deprivation
B) information
C) humanistic psychology
D) comorbidity
E) evolutionary psychology

Question 20

A discipline attempting to explore the ways in which complex evolutionary factors affect behavior and experience is called:

A) second Darwinism
B) genetics
C) evolutionary psychology
D) natural-selection psychology
E) anthropological psychology

Question 21

What would you consider as a pseudo-science? How is psychology responding to pseudo-science?

Question 22

Summarize briefly the five general lessons that contemporary psychologists continue drawing from history.

Question 23

In the end of the 20th century psychoanalytic techniques began to lose popularity among therapists. Two main reasons existed: poor scientific validity and:

Question 24

Psychologists in the 20th century created many remarkable theories about a perfect, utopian society of the future. Describe some of these theories' main points.

Question 25

How would you study spirituality as an experimental psychologist?

Question 26

Psychologists-supporters of progressive views and social utopia believed that societal advancement should be placed under control of: