Deck 12: Humanistic and Cognitive Psychology

Question 1

A complex medical and psychological system of help focusing on palliative and other humane principles of care is called:

A) humanitarian service
B) Medicare system
C) health insurance
D) hospice care
E) humanistic asylum

Answer 1

hospice care

Question 2

Peace psychology-a theoretical and applied field that tries to understand ideological and psychological causes of war and develops educational programs to reduce the threat of violence in international relations and domestic policies of some countries.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the term referring to the shift within psychology from being primarily behavioral to being increasingly cognitive?

A) third force in psychology
B) second force in psychology
C) cognitive revolution
D) psychological reformation
E) mental reformation

Answer 3

cognitive revolution

Question 4

The scientific study of human mental processes and their role in thinking, emotions, and behavior is called:

A) second psychology
B) cognitive psychology
C) psychophysics
D) mental experimental philosophy
E) behavioral cognition

Question 5

Existential psychology-is an eclectic and diverse field of studies the existing agricultural communities living in relative isolation.

Question 6

Continuously, since the mid-20th century, many psychologists from different countries were choosing China to study, work, and settle in.

Question 7

The therapeutic method based on the assumption that we, human beings, make our own choices and should assume full responsibility for the outcomes of our behavior and our own feelings is called:

A) cognitive therapy
B) choice therapy
C) existential therapy
D) group progressive counseling
E) feeling therapy

Question 8

T.O.T.E. stands for:

A) "test-operate-test-exit"
B) "test-omission-trial-entrance"
C) "trial-order-trial-ending"
D) "trial-online-trial-energy"
E) "terminator-originator-tormenter-enabler"

Question 9

Humanistic psychology has inadvertently invited psychologists to discover the incredible world of Indian and Asian philosophy and mythology.

Question 10

The Journal of Humanistic Psychology was launched in 1899.

Question 11

One of the obvious shortcomings of humanistic psychology, from the critics' viewpoint, was its: relatively poor record of experimental research.

Question 12

Cognitive science-an interdisciplinary field that involves studies in cognitive neuroscience, computer science, philosophy, and linguistics, among other fields.

Question 13

Self-actualization-the highest stage of individual development governed by the search for truth, goodness, beauty, wholeness, justice, and meaningfulness.

Question 14

The term referring to Humanistic psychology in contrast to behaviorism and psychoanalysis.

A) imprecise science
B) second psychology
C) the third force in psychology
D) positive psychology
E) psycho-behaviorism

Question 15

A strength of humanistic views is their cross-cultural validity.

Question 16

A multidisciplinary field or approach focusing on the fundamental assumption that physical, mental, spiritual factors contributing to illness are interconnected and equally important in treatment is called:

A) cognitive neuroscience
B) humanistic psychology
C) humanistic health psychology
D) mental therapy
E) holistic health movement

Question 17

In the context of cognitive neuroscience, what is the name of the study and creation of systems that perceive their environment and make decisions to maximize success?

A) cognitive engineering
B) robotics
C) learning curve studies
D) artificial intelligence
E) positive psychology

Question 18

Positive psychology-a branch that studies depression and its symptoms.

Question 19

What is the name of a clinical field that helps medical professionals to recognize, absorb, interpret, and be moved by the stories of illness?

A) folk medicine
B) folk psychology
C) second psychology
D) narrative medicine
E) listening therapy

Question 20

Identify the academic field that examines the brain mechanisms supporting mental functions:

A) cognitive neuroscience
B) brain psychology
C) second psychology
D) psychotechnics
E) psychophysics

Question 21

What was an obvious weakness affecting the declining interest in humanistic psychology beginning in the 1990s?

A) poor theoretical foundation
B) lack of federal funding
C) poor college enrollment
D) weakness of its experimental base
E) preoccupation with evolutionary psychology

Question 22

George Miller and colleagues considered an "image" as a quantitative measure of:

A) behavior
B) information
C) language
D) reflex
E) consciousness

Question 23

Humanistic psychologists criticized psychoanalysis because:

Question 24

In terms of methodology, humanistic psychology preferred these research methods:

A) laboratory experiments
B) surveys
C) qualitative
D) medical experiments
E) computer simulations

Question 25

Critics of humanistic psychology claimed that a theory should be considered scientific if and only if it is:

A) accepted by most reviewers
B) based on research
C) falsifiable
D) based on common sense
E) dealing with applied problems

Question 26

One major feature of the new therapeutic method embraced by humanistic psychologists is that the therapist generally downplays the pathological aspects of a client's symptoms and focuses on:

Question 27

In person-centered therapy, what do therapists have to show, demonstrate their clients?

Question 28

One of the most essential points of criticism was cognitive psychology's alleged preoccupation with digital and other formal models of cognition. To some, cognitive psychology was turning to computer science but losing:

A) reputation
B) physiology
C) federal funding
D) computers
E) psychology

Question 29

Alan Turing always considered himself a psychologist.

Question 30

The cognitive tradition in psychology was studying the individual processes information.

A) why
B) how
C) with what effect
D) when
E) under what conditions

Question 31

In contrast to many psychoanalytic theorists preceding him, focusing on clinical cases, Maslow created his theory by studying:

Question 32

What is positive psychology?

Question 33

Maslow grouped the basic human needs into five categorical levels: physiological, safety, love, esteem, and:

A) self-actualization
B) joy
C) creativity
D) self-defense
E) super-ego

Question 34

Searle's views can be summarized briefly as follows: lower level neuronal processes in the brain cause:

A) mental illness
B) stress
C) fear
D) cognitive map
E) consciousness

Question 35

Humanistic psychology criticized two "other" forces, such as:

A) structural and functional psychology
B) psychoanalysis of Freud and Adler
C) behaviorism and psychoanalysis
D) Gestalt psychology and cognitive psychology
E) applied and theoretical psychology

Question 36

Alan Turing believed that mental functions can be viewed as:

A) physiological process
B) problem-solving operations
C) behavioral responses
D) unconscious manifestations
E) animal spirits

Question 37

When did humanistic psychology expand its influence rapidly?

A) 1920s-1930s
B) 1940s
C) 1950s
D) 1970s-1980s
E) 1990s

Question 38

According to humanistic principles, many people in pursuing their goals simply choose the wrong methods. Such failures cause suffering. Persistent failures cause persistent suffering, which is labeled:

A) existential psychology
B) brain lock
C) cognitive failure
D) psychological disorder
E) insight

Question 39

George Miller noticed that the memory span of young adults was around:

A) tree elements
B) four elements
C) seven elements
D) eight elements
E) eleven elements

Question 40

In T.O.T.E., an "e" stands for:

A) exit
B) echo
C) environment
D) energy
E) element

Question 41

What are the main theoretical principles of humanistic psychology?

Question 42

What was the "progressive" role for psychology that many scientists envisioned in the 1960s?

Question 43

Describe the goals of existential therapy.

Question 44

Critics maintained that humanistic principles became widely acceptable because they were fitting well in a particular social climate. What particular social climate?

Question 45

Describe humanistic psychology's main weaknesses.

Question 46

Noam Chomsky suggested the existence of a universal grammar. What was it?

Question 47

The concept of positive mental health emphasizes:

Question 48

Cognitive psychology represented in many ways a switch of attention from behavior to consciousness, from habits and reflexes, to:

Question 49

What is Searle's view of consciousness?

Question 50

An academic field that examines the brain mechanisms supporting mental functions is called:

Question 51

As Maslow maintained, a good psychologist should combine the rigor of a researcher and a passion of an activist. Where would you place your ideal psychologist on the scale below? Explain your choice.
1..........2……….3……….4………5….….6…….7
Impassionate Observer Both Passionate Activist

Question 52

What was the main impact of Alan Turing to cognitive science?

Question 53

In cognitive neuroscience, the brain neurons can be presented as "nodes." What does a "node" stand for?

Question 54

Explain the magic "number seven" Give examples.