Deck 8: The Birth and Development of Psychoanalysis

Question 1

The method of free association is labeled based on an apparently inaccurate translation from German, in which the term has the meaning of:

A) free occurrences
B) free will
C) free projections
D) dream analysis
E) loose ideas

Answer 1

free occurrences

Question 2

Freud labeled the repressed instinctual tendencies that lead toward destruction as:

A) jealousy
B) super ego
C) death sentence
D) deconstruction wish
E) death wish

Answer 2

death wish

Question 3

In Freud's theory, the irrational fear in men of loss of the genitals is called:

A) "typical male behavior"
B) fearful arrogance
C) bragging
D) natural fear
E) castration anxiety

Answer 3

castration anxiety

Question 4

In Adler's vocabulary, attempts to overcome the discomfort and negative experiences caused by their inferiority are called:

A) super ego
B) anger
C) compensation
D) frustration drive
E) criminal behavior

Question 5

According to Freud: this is the term standing for all the tendencies that strive toward the integration of living substance:

A) Thanatos
B) Oedipus complex
C) Eros
D) fear of God
E) need for superiority

Question 6

What was the term used by Jung to distinguish his views from Freud's?

A) second psychology
B) analytical psychology
C) collective psychology
D) major psychology
E) minor psychology

Question 7

Individuation is the process of a person's psychological growth and awareness of his or her own individuality.

Question 8

In Adler's theory this term stands for a wide range of difficulties that become impediments. They can be physical or psychological. They appear at birth but may develop later in life. What is this term?

A) jealousy
B) basic anger
C) organ inferiority
D) basic instinct
E) Oedipus complex

Question 9

In Adler's view, a technique for dealing with one's inadequacies and inferiorities and for gaining social status is called:

A) therapy
B) group therapy
C) collective responsibility
D) ego reflections
E) style of life

Question 10

What was the label for a person undergoing psychoanalysis?

A) analysant
B) subject
C) opponent
D) analytical colleague
E) hypnotist

Question 11

Libido is a universal kind of energy, an instinctual and irrational determiner of an individual's consciousness.

Question 12

What is the label for the content of the collective unconscious, which consists of images of the primordial (elemental, ancient) character?

A) memory
B) archetypes
C) ego
D) collective psychology
E) psychological archaeology

Question 13

What is the component of the psyche that makes compromises between the id and the environment and is guided by the reality principle?

A) death wish
B) ego
C) libido
D) Eros
E) basic anxiety

Question 14

What is the term, according to Freud, standing for the realization of the demands of the environment and the adjustment of behavior to these demands?

A) demand principle
B) obedience to authority
C) reality principle
D) conformity
E) autonomy principle

Question 15

In Adler's view, an individual's vigorous exertion or effort to achieve security, improvement, control, and conquest is called:

A) striving toward superiority
B) desire to excel
C) ego defenses
D) striving against circumstances
E) freedom to act

Question 16

In Jung's system, this term stood for an impersonal layer in the human psyche, different from the individual unconscious, inherited and shared with other members of the spices.

A) ego
B) dreams
C) mediation
D) collective unconscious
E) collective reflexes

Question 17

Id is the component of the psyche that contains inborn biological drives (the death wish and life instinct); the id seeks immediate gratification of its impulses.

Question 18

In its original form, this was the method of an imaginative construction and reconstruction of the person's past and present reality. The therapist (a) collects the reported reflections, (b) analyzes them, and then (c) interprets them to the patient. What was this method called?

A) hypnosis
B) reflective therapy
C) past and present therapy
D) psychoanalysis
E) moral therapy

Question 19

In Freud's theory, this term stands for the demand that an instinctual need be immediately gratified:

A) "serenity now"
B) all-or-nothing
C) pleasure principle
D) high instinctual drive
E) low instinctual drive

Question 20

According to Adler, this term stands for the desire to be connected with other people:

A) libido
B) social reflex
C) social interest
D) social instinct
E) archetype

Question 21

According to Jung, archetypes manifested in three universal ways: dreams, fantasies, and:

A) music
B) dance
C) rituals
D) angry reactions
E) delusions

Question 22

Alfred Adler was born near Vienna, which is in Austria.

Question 23

Oedipus complex the repressed desire of a person for superiority and respect.

Question 24

Wish fulfillment-a symbolic attempt to realize an unfulfilled desire. The discharge of a tension by imagining a satisfying situation.

Question 25

Freud's visited the United States three times.

Question 26

Freud assumed that dreams represent:

A) wish fulfillment
B) depressive symptoms
C) symptoms of anxiety
D) a childhood trauma
E) a physical trauma during adulthood

Question 27

Describing his method, Freud liked to use the analogy.

A) chemistry
B) physics
C) archaeology
D) literature
E) geometry

Question 28

When a patient feels hostility toward her therapist, this could be interpreted as an original, infantile anger against her father that is being "shifted" to the therapist. How was this process called?

A) shifting
B) moving out
C) transparence
D) transference
E) hostility release

Question 29

The book, Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, released in 1905, argues that a major source of psychological illness are cultural restrictions imposed on:

A) food consumption
B) gambling
C) sexual behavior
D) scientific curiosity
E) atheistic views

Question 30

Oedipus is a character who appears in:

A) American folklore
B) several ancient Greek poems
C) early German folklore
D) a Hollywood film
E) an early Chinese play

Question 31

Freud was the first to research "psychological energy".

Question 32

In 1908 the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society was formed.

Question 33

The term "analytical psychology" is associated with Alfred Adler.

Question 34

Superego is the component of the psyche acting as the source of irrational impulses.

Question 35

Thanatos-or life instinct, a collective name for all the instinctual tendencies that lead away from pain and suffering.

Question 36

What was the most prominent "inaugural" case that launched the whole theory of psychoanalysis?

A) the case of Little Albert
B) the case of Rat Man
C) the case of Charcot
D) the case of Anna O.
E) the case of mistaken identity

Question 37

The psychic energy of Eros was often called libido.

Question 38

Transferences is the process by which patients shift emotions applicable to another person onto the psychoanalyst.

Question 39

Unconscious (noun)ꟷthe activities not open to direct conscious scrutiny but influencing conscious process and behavior.

Question 40

Freud's native language was:

A) English
B) French
C) German
D) Russian
E) Italian

Question 41

Adler wrote about three outcomes of an individual's compensatory efforts. Name them.

Question 42

Explain the term psychological resistance.

Question 43

In Civilization and Its Discontents, Freud wrote that the cause of most social problems is psychological: people don't know how to be happy because:

Question 44

Organ inferiority was a concept developed by:

A) Freud
B) Adler
C) Jung
D) Binet
E) Charcot

Question 45

According to Jung, men have an inherited collective image of the feminine human essence called anima. In contrast, every woman has an inherited image of masculine essence, called:

A) avatar
B) albino
C) angus
D) animus
E) animal

Question 46

Freud abandoned his seduction hypothesis for two reasons:

Question 47

Freud considered women as sexually passive as compared with men. He thought that such passivity was the result of:

Question 48

Freud called the psychic energy of Eros:

A) postulates
B) religion
C) guilt
D) taboo
E) libido

Question 49

In Leonardo's case, the Mona Lisa's smile, according to Freud, reflects the artist's repressed:

A) love for his country
B) jealousy based on his lack of money
C) anger against the government
D) love for his mother and stepmother
E) desire to secure a new contract

Question 50

In Totem and Taboo (1913) Freud wanted to investigate and describe the process by which our "savage" ancestors:

A) conquered foreign lands
B) developed science
C) accepted culture and religion
D) established inequality and supported injustice
E) accepted mental illness

Question 51

Jung modified and developed the method of free association, calling his own method simply:

A) "associations"
B) the "free method"
C) the "association method"
D) "the method"
E) a survey

Question 52

How did World War I affect Freud's worldview?

Question 53

The idea of psychological types came to Jung earlier in his career when he compared the experiences of patients with:

A) eating disorders and phobias
B) sleep problems and panic attacks
C) developmental and anxiety disorders
D) mild and serious symptoms
E) schizophrenia and hysteria

Question 54

The id, like unmanaged will, operates exclusively according to which principle?

A) divide and conquer
B) the pleasure principle
C) divide and possess
D) the reality principle
E) the golden rule

Question 55

Freud promoted one person for the leadership position in the newly formed international psychoanalytic movement. Who was that person?

A) Jung
B) Adler
C) Nietzsche
D) Charcot
E) Binet

Question 56

In Adler's view, any neurosis is a person's failed attempt to compensate for:

A) an infantile imperfection
B) greed
C) jealousy
D) a lost love
E) a feeling of superiority

Question 57

What is the latent content of a dream?

Question 58

Adler wrote about three major and interconnected social ties appearing in social interest:

A) love, hatred, and envy
B) hobbies, work, and sleep
C) occupation, society, and love
D) glory, money, and comfort
E) occupation, education, and socialization

Question 59

According to Adler, a physically defective organ or a malfunctioning system send signals to the brain that suggest something is wrong or insufficient. The body then needs to:

Question 60

Freud found parallels between religious ceremonies and rituals and similar actions in:

Question 61

What were the three goals of Jungian therapy?

Question 62

What were the main disagreements between Jung and Freud?

Question 63

Like Freud, Jung defended the anthropological view of religion. He believed that religion:

Question 64

What were the main disagreements between Adler and Freud?

Question 65

If you had a chance to serve as a research assistant for one year to either Freud, or Adler, or Jung, who would you choose and why?

Question 66

Describe Freud's theoretical views of women.

Question 67

Explain the anthropological view of religion according to the psychoanalytic tradition.

Question 68

One of the central themes of Adler's therapeutic method is the search to:

Question 69

Discuss Individual Cases: Dora, Little Hans, and Rat Man.

Question 70

How did Freud view religion?

Question 71

What is the collective unconscious?

Question 72

What are degeneration, neurosis, and genius in Adler's theory?

Question 73

Contradicting Freud, Jung proposed that dreams do not necessarily reflect unrealized wishes but rather: