Deck 2: The Organization of Work in Preindustrial Times

Question 1

Serfdom

A) Is a condition of being legally bound to the land one lived and worked on
B) Was prevalent in Russia through much of the 19^th century
C) Was common in France until the Revolution of 1789
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In pre-industrial workplaces, there was little distinction between "family" and "work unit".

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In 1835, guilds were abolished by legislative action in __________.

A) The United States
B) England
C) Ireland
D) Italy

Answer 3

B

Question 4

It has been asserted that slavery __________ the __________ labor-saving technologies.

A) Helped; Advancement of
B) Decreased; Need for
C) Had no influence on; the use of
D) Inhibited; Development of

Question 5

Ethnicity is always based on the biological differences that separate different groups of people

Question 6

Some slave owners chose to free their slaves because:

A) They could no longer afford to keep them
B) They wanted their slaves to have the chance to become citizens
C) They lived in constant fear of slave rebellions
D) None of the above

Question 7

Slavery in ancient Rome

A) Was based solely on race
B) Was an immutable condition
C) Was used only for agricultural work
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 8

Slavery was a major source of labor in ancient Mesopotamia and Egyptian societies.

Question 9

Rural families in preindustrial times usually engaged in

A) Treating illnesses that afflicted family members
B) Crop cultivation
C) Making clothing
D) All of the above

Question 10

Caste in India

A) Is virtually identical with social class
B) Is often tied to particular occupations
C) Is the basis of endogamy
D) B and C only
E) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following statements is an example of the restrictions reinforced by guilds?

A) Guild members could not exhibit their wares in their shop windows.
B) Members of a guild were not allowed to participate in the festivals organized by members of different guilds.
C) Guild members could only marry daughters of fellow guild members
D) Working while using artificial sources of life was prohibited.
E) All of the above

Question 12

Preparation for occupations such as ___________ occurred in medieval universities setting.

A) Accounting
B) Civil service
C) Law
D) All of the above

Question 13

Another term used to describe the "untouchables" is Jati.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a key source of an ascribed status?

A) Age
B) Race
C) Sex
D) Training

Question 15

Individuals occupying first stage of guild membership were

A) Novitiates
B) Journeymen
C) Apprentices
D) Servants True / False Questions

Question 16

By their very nature, family connections cannot be used to exploit members of a family.

Question 17

Slavery in the New World was intimately connected to the development of plantation economies.

Question 18

Noneconomic features of a guild include:

A) The social ties that result from guild membership
B) The provision of support for members in difficulties
C) The maintenance of high standards of craftsmanship
D) New skills acquired from other guild members
E) All of the above

Question 19

Nepotism is

A) A bizarre sexual practice
B) The use of family connections as a basis for hiring and promotion
C) The enslavement of people of different ethnicities
D) None of the above

Question 20

Family ties were particularly important in pre-modern economic relationships because they provided a basis for trust

Question 21

Describe the process by which an apprentice became a journeyman.

Question 22

Describe what is meant by an ascribed status. How has this been used to determine the division of labor in traditional societies?

Question 23

How was slavery in antiquity different from slavery in the New World?

Question 24

How did the organization and operation of guilds reflect the zero-sum economy that was typical of medieval Europe?

Question 25

One reason for the weakening of the caste system has been the expansion of educational opportunities in India.

Question 26

Guilds were the major form of work organization in medieval cities.

Question 27

Guilds had a strong religious component.

Question 28

How did family ties serve as a basis for the organization of work in pre-industrial societies?

Question 29

In what ways did traditional guild organization affect the development and spread of innovative technologies?