Deck 19: Bacterial Serology

Question 1

Toxic shock syndrome is produced when
a.the M protein of strep interacts with host tissue
b.hyaluronidase activates T cells
c.a toxin acts as a superantigen, causing the polyclonal activation of T cells
d.A and B
e.B and C

Answer 1

a toxin acts as a superantigen, causing the polyclonal activation of T cells

Question 2

Borrelia burgdorferi
a.can evade the immune response for years
b.causes the production of an immune response that is responsible for some of the pathology of Lyme disease
c.is generally transmitted only if the tick holds on and feeds for at least 24 hours
d.all of the above
e.none of the above

Answer 2

all of the above

Question 3

Syphilis is detected first by a(n) _________ or a(n)_________ and then if that is positive by __________ or _____________.
a.Western blot, sandwich assay, antigen capture assay, RIBA
b.antigen capture assay, sandwich assay, western blot, RIBA
c.VDRL, FTA-ABS, RPR, microhemagglutination after absorption
d.VDRL, RPR, FTA-ABS, microhemagglutination after absorption

Answer 3

VDRL, RPR, FTA-ABS, microhemagglutination after absorption

Question 4

Treponema pallidum
a.causes the development of a very painful chancre in primary syphilis
b.causes the development of wartlike growths called condyloma latum in tertiary syphilis
c.can be tested in a VDRL, a screening assay with heat-inactivated serum
d.can be tested in a screening assay called microhemagglutination

Question 5

Rheumatic fever is caused when
a.when antibodies that cross-react with host tissue are formed after a strep infection
b.when an endotoxin produced by S. pyogenes has its effect
c.just after the appearance of strawberry tongue
d.B and C

Question 6

Rebecca Lancefield classified beta hemolytic streptococci according to their
a.surface lipids
b.surface proteins
c.antibiotic resistance
d.surface carbohydrates
e.C and D

Question 7

Which assay is more specific?
a.the cold agglutination reaction for M. pneumoniae
b.the presumptive test for infectious mononucleosis
c.the VDRL test for syphilis
d.the use of indirect immunofluorescence to detect antibodies to M. pneumoniae
e.the use of Proteus vulgaris antigens to diagnose Rickettsia

Question 8

In what way(s) is the RPR test easier than the VDRL test?
a.the antigen used is at a very dilute concentration
b.the antiserum can be used at a very dilute concentration
c.the serum does not need to be heat inactivated
d.all of the above

Question 9

Lyme disease
a.has a primary, secondary, and tertiary stages that are distinct and always separated
b.is diagnosed using a western blot as the screening assay
c.always has ECM, a visible rash
d.has some pathology caused by the immune system

Question 10

Rickettsia
a.are obligate intracellular parasites
b.cause plague
c.make lice resistant to DDT
d.none of the above

Question 11

What is(are) the antigen(s) used for an RPR test?
a.cardiolipin, lecithin, and cholesterol on carbon particles
b.cardiolipin in an alcohol base
c.lecithin on carbon particles
d.phospholipid, lecithin, and cholesterol in an alcohol and PBS base

Question 12

Clostridium difficile assays can involve
a.enzyme immunoassays for the toxin A and B antigens
b.enzyme immunoassays for antibody to the toxin A and B antigens
c.enhancement of the cytopathic effect of the virus by addition of antiserum
d.none of the above

Question 13

To test for Helicobacter pylori by a less invasive method, you can
a.take a biopsy during endoscopy and do a rapid urease test
b.take a biopsy and do a bacterial culture
c.look for serum levels of IgM to H. pylori antigens and for H. pylori antigens in urine or stool
d.look for serum levels of IgG to H. pylori antigens and for H. pylori antigens in urine or stool
e.none of the above

Question 14

Group A strep
a.causes the strep throat that we all have had, which is nothing to worry about
b.causes diseases as the result of cross-reactive antigens such as rheumatic fever
c.can cause diseases due to cross-reactive antigens such as glomerulonephritis
d.can cause disease due to cross-reactive antigens such as toxic shock syndrome

Question 15

Helicobacter pylori is detected by
a.invasive testing including biopsy
b.a ¹⁴C breath test that shows the functioning of the bacteria urease
c.stool testing for antigen in the feces
d.all of the above
e.none of the above

Question 16

The CDC recommendation for diagnosis of Lyme disease is to use
a.direct immunofluorescence on an organism obtained from EM rash
b.indirect immunofluorescence with patient serum on slides with the Borrelia
c.enzyme immunoassay followed by a western blot
d.Ouchterlony

Question 17

When does neurosyphilis commonly occur?
a.when someone with HIV becomes infected with Treponema pallidumBin most cases of syphilis
b.from a cut in the skin
c.none of the above

Question 18

The Abs in the FTA-ABS test stands for
a.absorption with pathogenic strain organisms
b.absorption with nonpathogenic strain organisms
c.antibody agglutination with pathogenic strain organisms
d.antibody agglutination with nonpathogenic strain organisms

Question 19

Antibodies made to Streptococcus pyogenes
a.can block enzyme function including red cell lysis, bacterial spread by blocking hyaluronidase, and degradation of DNA
b.stay high for life after your first infection so they cannot be used diagnostically
c.are measured in the rapid strep test, but if it produces a negative result for antibodies, should be followed by culture
d.are the same as the antibodies made to Streptococcus aureus and so cannot be used diagnostically

Question 20

The streptozyme test is a
a.latex agglutination test that measures the amount of patient antibody to the M protein of S. pyogenes
b.hemagglutination test that measures the amount of patient antibody to streptokinase, streptolysin O, DNAse and hyaluronidase
c.hemagglutination test that measures antibody to the Lancefield carbohydrate antigens
d.hemagglutination test that measures the amount of patient antibody to the M protein

Question 21

Which of these organisms has diverse shapes and are spread by insects?
a.Clostridium
b.Helicobacteria
c.Mycoplasma
d.Rickettsia

Question 22

Impetigo
a.has characteristic fluid-filled blisters (bullae) usually located on the legs, arms, and trunk
b.is caused by the superantigen effect of SPeA1
c.is caused by the cross-reaction of skin with M protein
d.is caused by flesh-eating bacteria

Question 23

For what fluid the RPR test not be used?
a.heat-inactivated serum
b.cerebral spinal fluid
c.plasma
d.all of the above are acceptable samples

Question 24

Because an elderly nursing home patient had aspiration pneumonia, she was on antibiotic therapy for several days. However she suddenly developed diarrhea that smells very bad. What do you think the patient has?
a.Clostridium difficile
b.Helicobacter pylori
c.Mycoplasma pneumonia
d.Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 25

Mycoplasma pneumonia is not susceptible to the beta lactam antibiotics because
a.it contains a plasmid that has an enzyme that breaks them down
b.its cell wall has an extra double bond in the cell wall that they cannot break
c.it does not contain the peptidoglycan cell wall
d.none of the above