Deck 12: Tumor Immunology

Question 1

Grading is a prognostic indicator that involves
a.determining how far a tumor has spread
b.determining how many lymph nodes contain tumor cells
c.determining how much the tumor looks like the tissue of origin and how much it looks like embryonic tissue
d.using genotyping to determine whether a tumor is sensitive to chemotherapy

Answer 1

determining how much the tumor looks like the tissue of origin and how much it looks like embryonic tissue

Question 2

PSA velocity is
a.the amount that the velocity of a man's urine is slowed due to the pressure of the prostate tumor on the bladder
b.the change in the PSA levels from one year's measurement to the next
c.the amount of time it takes for PSA to double
d.the rate that PSA comes to equilibrium in a centrifuge tube

Answer 2

the change in the PSA levels from one year's measurement to the next

Question 3

A tumor that is from glandular epithelial cells is called (best answer)
a.a carcinoma
b.an adenocarcinoma
c.a sarcoma
d.a melanoma

Answer 3

an adenocarcinoma

Question 4

Which of the following is correct?
a.Carcinomas can be detected in immunohistochemistry by cytokeratin staining, mesenchymal tumors can be detected by vimentin staining, and hematopoietic tumors can be detected by CD45 in them.
b.Carcinomas can be detected in immunohistochemistry by vimentin staining, mesenchymal tumors can be detected by cytokeratin staining in them, and hematopoietic tumors can be detected by CD45 in them.
c.Carcinomas can be detected in immunohistochemistry by cytokeratin staining, mesenchymal tumors can be detected by CD45 in them, and hematopoietic tumors can be detected by vimentin in them.
d.Carcinomas can be detected in immunohistochemistry by CD45 staining, mesenchymal tumors can be detected by vimentin in them, and hematopoietic tumors can be detected by cytokeratin in them.

Question 5

Immunosurveillance
a.explains why autoimmune diseases do not happen more often
b.explains why tumors do not occur more often
c.explains why autoimmune diseases occur
d.explains why tumors happen

Question 6

Beta-2 microglobulin is part of the class I molecule, is elevated, and is a tumor marker in
a.multiple myeloma
b.chronic lymphocytic leukemia
c.some lymphomas
d.all of the above
e.none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following marker(s) is(are) used in breast cancer monitoring?
a.CA 19.9
b.CA15-3
c.CA27-29
d.B and C
e.all of the above

Question 8

Immunosurveillance of tumors involves
a.NK cells
b.T cells
c.antibody
d.A and B
e.all of the above

Question 9

AFP-L1 and AFP-L3 differ because
a.AFP L-1 is a monomer and AFP-L-3 is a trimer
b.AFP-L1 is associated with cancer
c.AFP-L1 and AFP-L3 are different glycoforms of the same protein
d.all of the above

Question 10

Her-2 is a marker used
a.in breast cancer to determine whether anti-estrogens will work
b.in breast cancer to determine whether Herceptin will work
c.in ovarian cancer to determine whether cisplatin will work
d.to determine whether cytokeratin targeted therapy will work

Question 11

Tumor cells
a.are less susceptible to growth controls than are normal cells
b.have a higher than normal proliferation rate
c.have increased cellular acidity
d.A and C
e.all of the above

Question 12

Grading a tumor has to do with determining
a.how much DNA is in the tumor cell
b.what the tumor cells look like, whether they look like embryonic cells, or they look the cells of the organ they came from
c.how far the tumor has spread
d.the number of risk factors a patient has

Question 13

Two cancer vaccines that are already on the market are
a.Gardisil, Prostatec
b.Prostatec, Provenge
c.Herceptin, Gardisil
d.Gardisil, Provenge

Question 14

A tumor that arises from supportive or connective tissue is called (best answer)
a.a carcinoma
b.an adenocarcinoma
c.a sarcoma
d.a melanoma

Question 15

If I suspect that a patient has pancreatic cancer, I should use
a.CA 19-9 for diagnosis, staging, and monitoring the course of the disease
b.CA19-9 for staging and monitoring the course of the disease only
c.CA19-9 for monitoring the course of the disease only
d.for monitoring the course of the disease

Question 16

A patient has a lump in her breast that was diagnosed as breast cancer. Her physician should monitor the course of her treatment with
a.CA 15-3 and CA 125
b.CA 125 and CA 27-29
c.CA 15-3 and Cytokeratin
d.CA 15-3 and CA 27-29

Question 17

In this figure, l chemotherapy that turned out to be unsuccessful could have been initiated at which point?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 18

I am starting a company that produces a new screening test for pancreatic cancer. This disease is present in 1 in every 10,000 individuals, and my marker does not miss any of them! In testing normals, I find only 1 of every 100 individuals positive for my marker. There really is not a great chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer no matter when we find it. I am looking for venture capital for my test. Will you call your rich Uncle Freddie and tell him to invest?
a.No, the costs would be too high to screen 10,000 people to find one cancer.
b.No, the costs would be too high to scare 100 people for every one cancer I found.
c.No, there is no good chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer, so why find it?
d.all of the above

Question 19

AFP is used the analysis of
a.hepatoma
b.nonseminomatous testicular cancer
c.the sera of women whose in utero babies have spina bifida.
d.A and B
e.all of the above

Question 20

A patient who has T1, N1, M was staged, therefore she
a.does not have a tumor
b.has a tumor, but it has not spread; thus, surgery alone can cure her
c.has a tumor and although there is minimal (but positive) lymph node involvement, there is also widespread metastasis
d.has a tumor that has maximal lymph node and metastatic spread

Question 21

LDH is
a.a marker for cell turnover
b.used to stage nonseminomatous testicular cancer
c.used to stage breast cancer
d.A and B
e.A and C

Question 22

Which two of (1) Epstein Barr virus, (2) human papilloma virus, (3) rubella, and (4) varicella zoster have been associated with tumors?
a.1 and 2
b.2 and 3
c.3 and 4
d.1 and 4

Question 23

A tumor that is from nonglandular epithelial cells is called
a.a carcinoma
b.an adenocarcinoma
c.a sarcoma
d.a melanoma

Question 24

The average time it takes a tumor to go from one transformed cell to the 1 cm size is
a.6 months to 1 year
b.1 month to 6 months
c.5 to 8 years
d.10 to 12 years

Question 25

Circulating tumor cells in blood must be
a.isolated by anti-CD45, stained with anti-cytokeratins, but not stained with anti-EpCAM
b.isolated by anti-EpCAM, stained with anti-CD45, but not stained with anticytokeratins
c.isolated by anti-EpCAM, stained with anticytokeratins, but not stained with anti-CD45
d.isolated by anti-cytokeratins, stained with anti-CD45, but not stained with anti-EpCAM