Deck 17: Comparative Conclusions: Toward a Transtheoretical Therapy

Question 1

In general terms,the therapy systems most likely to be successful for clients in the preparation stage include:

A)nearly any therapy,as those in action will make use of whatever therapy process is available.
B)cognitive,interpersonal,and existential therapies.
C)exposure and behavior therapies.
D)insight-oriented and experiential therapies.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The transtheoretical model of change depicts change as:

A)a series of regressions to the precontemplation stage.
B)a linear progression through the stages.
C)a spiral pattern through the stages.
D)unpredictable because it depends upon which stage the person begins.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Research on smokers employing the Transtheoretical Model's stages-of-change measure has shown that,if clients progress from their pretreatment stage of change to the next stage of change in the first month of treatment,their likelihood of taking action during the next six months:

A)stays the same.
B)increases two-fold.
C)increases three-fold.
D)increases four-fold.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What variable is among the most robust predictors of premature termination from therapy?

A)Client demographic characteristics (e.g.,age,sex,education level)
B)Duration and severity of the client's clinical symptoms or disorder
C)Therapist method
D)Stages of change

Question 5

Monica believes that the therapeutic system she practices is correct and all others are in error.She is likely to think about psychotherapy:

A)committedly.
B)dualistically.
C)multiplistically.
D)relativistically.

Question 6

Research on the transtheoretical model of change suggests what percentage of relapsers regress back to the precontemplation stage of change?

A)65%
B)15%
C)5%
D)40%

Question 7

Compared to other change processes used in psychotherapy,social liberation is:

A)the most frequent.
B)often involved.
C)occasionally involved.
D)the least frequent.

Question 8

After recently celebrating seven months of smokeless behavior,Rae Ann resumed smoking because of a subsequent death in her family.Rae Ann is in which of the following stages of change?

A)Action
B)Maintenance
C)Preparation
D)Relapse

Question 9

A specific evidence-based intervention aimed at sustaining positive treatment effects for individuals with addictions is known as:

A)lifestyle modification.
B)risk prevention.
C)recycling intervention.
D)relapse prevention.

Question 10

Which of the following theoretical systems has consistently demonstrated in empirical research a superior ability to help people change as a result of psychotherapy?

A)Behavioral therapies
B)Cognitive therapies
C)Experiential therapies
D)None of the above

Question 11

Practitioners of psychotherapy and treatment programs can expect that:

A)most clients will seek therapy when they are in the action stage of change.
B)clients will present in different stages of change with different degrees of readiness to change.
C)clients will be in the preparation stage of change when seeking individual therapy,but in the precontemplation or contemplation stage when seeking couples or family therapy.
D)most clients will present in the preparation stage of change and have moved through the other stages of change at least once on their own.

Question 12

Allison believes that certain therapies are differentially more effective in treating certain issues than are other therapies.She is likely to think about psychotherapy:

A)committedly.
B)dualistically.
C)multiplistically.
D)relativistically.

Question 13

The most common,long-term outcome of treatment of individuals with addictions or serious mental disorders is:

A)relapse.
B)getting stuck in the contemplation stage of change.
C)maintenance of change.
D)relapse and a return to the precontemplation stage.

Question 14

A large body of research has shown that the amount of progress in therapy that clients make can be reliably predicted by:

A)a client's pretreatment stage of change.
B)a client's stage of change after the first session of therapy.
C)a client's stage of change at the end of therapy.
D)a therapist's ability to employ action stage processes of change.

Question 15

Compared to other change processes used in psychotherapy,consciousness raising is:

A)the most frequent.
B)often involved.
C)occasionally involved.
D)the least frequent.

Question 16

The majority of relapses in individuals with addictions occur:

A)two years after treatment completion.
B)six-12 months after treatment completion.
C)one to three months after treatment completion.
D)the early course of the treatment itself.

Question 17

Darren,a 22-year-old graduate student,was briefly involved in psychotherapy before dropping out.According to the text,which of the following variables would have worked best in predicting his drop-out?

A)Demographic characteristics
B)Problem duration
C)Type of disorder
D)Stage of change

Question 18

The transtheoretical model of change defines termination as:

A)the ability to sustain the effort required for relapse prevention.
B)the stage that occurs when treatment ends.
C)when problem behavior has improved sufficiently.
D)the stage when a person does not experience temptations and does not have to work to avoid relapse.

Question 19

Many initial efforts at behavior change are unsuccessful.The transtheoretical model accounts for early failures at change,and argues that individuals:

A)typically go back to where they began before they started therapy.
B)will recycle back into the stages of change.
C)will most likely terminate therapy because they are demoralized.
D)typically return to the precontemplation stage of change.

Question 20

Accumulating research evidence indicates that including relapse prevention in treatments:

A)has delayed but positive effects compared to alternative treatment components.
B)improves long-term outcomes for people with addictions but not schizophrenia.
C)is very difficult to implement as most clients are resistant to the idea that relapse is a process.
D)produces a false sense of security in clients who end up believing they can handle cravings and urges better than they actually can.

Question 21

A recent meta-analysis of 39 studies using stages of change measures found that clients in which stage pretreatment tended to make the most progress during treatment?

A)Precontemplation
B)Contemplation
C)Preparation
D)Maintenance

Question 22

According to the text authors,clients who enter therapy with multilevel problems often require:

A)comparatively brief therapy.
B)therapy of a moderate duration.
C)longer treatments.
D)life-long,intermittent therapy.

Question 23

Among the stages of change,the stage in which individuals make the LEAST use of change processes is:

A)precontemplation.
B)contemplation.
C)preparation.
D)action.

Question 24

According to the text authors,the presumed essential change processes in DBT include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)therapeutic relationship.
B)consciousness-raising.
C)catharsis.
D)contingency control.

Question 25

Juan presents for psychotherapy with a number of personal problems on multiple levels. The transtheoretical model's preferred level of initial intervention is:

A)current intrapersonal conflicts.
B)current interpersonal conflicts.
C)maladaptive cognitions.
D)symptom/situational problems.

Question 26

The therapy indicated for an individual at the symptom/situational level of change,and the action stage would be:

A)gestalt or experiential therapy.
B)behavior therapy.
C)strategic therapy.
D)existential therapy.

Question 27

The most likely stage of change profile for a premature therapy terminator is:

A)precontemplation.
B)contemplation.
C)action.
D)relapse.

Question 28

If you were to design an intensive action-oriented treatment to support durable change in clients with a particular problem,you would expect that:

A)it would be a very good match for those in the precontemplation and contemplation stages of change,but be detrimental for those already in the action stage of change.
B)it would help those in the contemplation stage by moving them forward to preparation and action,but be of little impact on precontemplators or those already in the action stage of change.
C)it would be a poor match for precontemplators and most contemplators,but quite successful for those ready for action.
D)it would help those in the contemplation or preparation stages,but be a poor match for those in the precontemplation or action stage of change.

Question 29

Mary,Erin,John,and Billy are all 7 to 9 years old.Their parents have sought therapy for their children's aggressive acting out.Their therapist would suggest which of the following therapies as having empirically evidenced differential efficacy for this disorder?

A)Behavior therapy
B)Integrative therapy
C)Family/systems therapy
D)Rational-emotive behavior therapy

Question 30

In the preceding scenario,the therapist is most likely to be pursuing which of the following intervention strategies?

A)Key level
B)Maximum impact
C)Shifting levels
D)None of the above

Question 31

The most likely stage of change profile for therapy continuers is:

A)precontemplation.
B)contemplation.
C)preparation.
D)action.

Question 32

Donean presented for psychotherapy with a number of symptomatic concerns.Janet,her transtheoretical therapist,is concerned that treating the symptoms has not been effective enough.Janet is likely to now focus on Donean's:

A)interpersonal conflicts.
B)family/systemic conflicts.
C)maladaptive cognitions.
D)current intrapersonal conflicts.

Question 33

According to the text authors,clients who enter therapy with problems at the situational and/or cognitive levels can usually expect:

A)comparatively brief therapy.
B)comparatively longer therapy.
C)comparatively less successful therapy.
D)comparatively more successful therapy.

Question 34

The most common stage of change profile of the 20% of therapy clients who end therapy quickly but appropriately is:

A)precontemplation.
B)contemplation.
C)preparation.
D)action.

Question 35

The psychotherapy indicated for an individual at the intrapersonal level of change and the preparation stage would be:

A)Adlerian therapy.
B)cognitive therapy.
C)gestalt therapy.
D)psychoanalysis.

Question 36

Sunny has only been in therapy for 2 months.Because of her hard work between sessions she is ready to terminate her brief successful therapeutic experience.Sunny most likely entered therapy:

A)at the action stage.
B)at the preparation stage.
C)with family/system conflicts.
D)with interpersonal conflicts.

Question 37

According to the text authors,clients who enter treatment prepared to take action often require how much therapy?

A)6-12 sessions
B)6-12 months
C)12-18 months of weekly therapy
D)6-24 months of weekly therapy

Question 38

By learning to relax at committee meetings that normally provoked hostile actions,Timothy was involved in:

A)contingency management.
B)counterconditioning.
C)feedback.
D)self-management.

Question 39

Impact has been defined as:

A)the rate of success at long term follow-up.
B)the participation rate of an intervention.
C)the efficacy of a treatment times its participation rate.
D)treatment effectiveness across different clinical disorders.