Deck 11: Health Statistics, Research, and Quality Improvement

Question 1

All of the following are factors concerning the quality of data EXCEPT:

A) completeness.
B) reliability.
C) accessibility.
D) validity.
E) security.

Answer 1

accessibility.

Question 2

All of the following statements are true of XML, EXCEPT:

A) it cannot be opened using Internet Explorer.
B) no special programs are required to review the content.
C) new fields can be added at any time.
D) it has many advantages as a communication format.
E) it can be opened and reviewed with an ordinary browser.

Answer 2

it cannot be opened using Internet Explorer.

Question 3

Data transferred to the NCQA Interactive Data Submission System contains PHI.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Reports derived from HEDIS data can be used by employers to:

A) provide discounted care to their employees.
B) get a better rate on their health insurance premiums.
C) choose the best plan for their employees.
D) obtain life insurance for their employees.
E) reduce the copay amounts for their employees.

Question 5

Which of the following refers to data that does NOT contain personal health information because, by definition, it does not consist of individual records?

A) Complete data
B) Aggregate data
C) Valid data
D) De-identified data
E) Reliable data

Question 6

XML uses ________ to identify and name each piece of fielded data.

A) codes
B) tags
C) commas
D) periods
E) quotes

Question 7

A(n) ________ allows facilities to maintain serial numbers, product numbers, and manufacturers of surgically implanted devices and materials.

A) trauma registry
B) implant registry
C) implant index
D) trauma index
E) cancer registry

Question 8

The acronym HEDIS stands for Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set.

Question 9

Clinical data errors can harm patients.

Question 10

Hospital cancer registries are maintained by a(n):

A) nurse.
B) billing clerk.
C) cancer registrar.
D) physician.
E) administrator.

Question 11

In a clinical trial, patients:

A) do not know they are participating.
B) anonymously participate.
C) are required to participate.
D) volunteer to participate.
E) None of the above

Question 12

A database in which data elements have been imported or manually entered is called a(n):

A) registry.
B) index.
C) directory.
D) catalog.
E) key.

Question 13

Data that has had the PHI elements removed so that an individual cannot be identified is called:

A) complete data.
B) aggregate data.
C) valid data.
D) de-identified data.
E) reliable data.

Question 14

A cancer registry includes which of the following?

A) Type and site of the cancer
B) Date first diagnosed
C) Stage of the cancer
D) Treatment methodologies
E) All of the above

Question 15

Dividing the sum of the DRG total weights by the number of patients discharged by the hospital as a whole will give the:

A) individual DRG weight.
B) mode.
C) case mix index.
D) range of distribution.
E) frequency of distribution.

Question 16

HEDIS data is collected directly from:

A) managed care HMOs.
B) PPO organizations.
C) healthcare facilities.
D) Both A and B
E) Both A and C

Question 17

There is a national implant registry.

Question 18

Indexes are used to:

A) automatically identify records to be abstracted for internal registries.
B) identify and sort records for external use.
C) analyze date for quality improvement.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 19

HEDIS was created by the:

A) Joint Commission.
B) CMS.
C) National Committee for Quality Assurance.
D) National Trauma Data Bank.
E) Hospital Quality Initiative.

Question 20

The accuracy of data is referred to as:

A) validity.
B) timeliness.
C) reliability.
D) completeness.
E) security.

Question 21

Which of the following is a predefined set of rules that helps to break down complex processes into simple, repetitive steps?

A) Variance
B) Mode
C) Registry
D) Algorithm
E) Index

Question 22

When a hospital does NOT have enough cases to meet the minimum number set by the Joint Commission and CMS, all of the cases meeting the criteria are included.

Question 23

________ always express the relationship between two counts of the same thing.

A) Ratios
B) Proportions
C) Averages
D) Percentages
E) Rates

Question 24

The number of records that will be used in a study is called the:

A) sample size.
B) mean.
C) mode.
D) range.
E) variance.

Question 25

The goal of healthcare organizations should be to:

A) provide the highest quality healthcare .
B) see the most patients.
C) improve constantly.
D) Both A and B
E) Both A and C

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT included in the NCQA formula for improvement?

A) Analyze
B) Repeat
C) Improve
D) Accelerate
E) Measure

Question 27

The "reason for no drug or therapy" element is:

A) optional.
B) automatically abstracted.
C) manually abstracted.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 28

The ORYX initiative was developed by the:

A) National Committee for Quality Assurance.
B) Joint Commission.
C) Hospital Quality Initiative.
D) CMS.
E) Surgical Care Improvement Project.

Question 29

Ratios are usually mathematically reduced until either the numerator or denominator is:

A) 1.
B) 10.
C) 100.
D) 1,000.
E) Any of the above

Question 30

All of the following are measure sets available for selection in the ORYX Requirements for Hospitals EXCEPT:

A) heart failure.
B) pregnancy and related conditions.
C) cholecystitis.
D) pneumonia.
E) children's asthma care.

Question 31

Which of the following sets is expected to become a future measure set?

A) Venous thromboembolism
B) Stroke
C) Nursing sensitive care
D) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 32

The purpose of algorithms in rate based measures is to:

A) determine if the patient's record belongs in the measure population described by the denominator.
B) determine if the patient experienced the event described in the numerator.
C) eliminate records with missing and/or invalid data.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 33

After patients for the data sample have been identified, certain fields are abstracted from the records to create:

A) primary data.
B) patient data.
C) secondary data.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 34

The distribution of a variable, measured by statistics such as the mean, median, and mode, is the:

A) central tendency.
B) proportion.
C) ratio.
D) percentage.
E) rate.

Question 35

Which of the following refers to records in a measure set's population that are eligible to be sampled?

A) Algorithm
B) Variance
C) Central tendency
D) Initial patient population
E) Sample size

Question 36

Healthcare statistics can be stated as:

A) ratios.
B) proportions.
C) rates.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 37

The case mix index figure is used to:

A) compare a hospital's average cost per case to the average cost per case for all hospitals for the year.
B) indicate potential problems in the coding or billing department.
C) determine if the hospital's capacity to handle certain types of cases is being underutilized.
D) determine if hospital stays for certain DRGs are averaging longer than normal.
E) All of the above

Question 38

The National Hospital Quality Measures are reported:

A) daily.
B) monthly.
C) quarterly.
D) annually.
E) biannually.

Question 39

To measure events occurring over a period of time or to express a ratio or proportion as a percentage, one should use a(n):

A) ratio.
B) proportion.
C) average.
D) percentage.
E) rate.

Question 40

A(n) ________ is used to show the relationship between two different things.

A) ratio
B) proportion
C) rate
D) average
E) percentage

Question 41

Which of the following is the midpoint in a group of ranked values that divides the data into two equal parts?

A) Ratio
B) Mean
C) Median
D) Mode
E) Rate

Question 42

Which of the following is the value that occurs most often in the frequency distribution?

A) Ratio
B) Mean
C) Median
D) Mode
E) Rate

Question 43

For statistical information to be valid, it is important that:

A) the primary records are accurate.
B) the abstraction is accurate.
C) the sample was large enough.
D) only cases relevant to the study were used.
E) All of the above

Question 44

Which of the following is the sum of the values divided by the frequency?

A) Ratio
B) Mean
C) Median
D) Mode
E) Rate

Question 45

Which of the following is the measure of spread between the smallest values and the largest values in a frequency distribution?

A) Variance
B) Central tendency
C) Range
D) Standard deviation
E) Median

Question 46

The mode can be influenced by extreme values and outlier cases.

Question 47

The Hospital Quality Initiative links reporting of the ________ to the payments the hospitals receive for each discharge.

A) case mix index
B) National Hospital Quality Measures
C) Injury Severity Score
D) DRGs
E) All of the above

Question 48

Pay-for-performance programs are increasing.

Question 49

Programs that tie reimbursement to improvements in quality are called:

A) reimbursement programs.
B) quality data reporting programs.
C) P4P programs.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 50

When a database is redesigned and new fields are added, the database must be:

A) converted.
B) deleted.
C) changed.
D) saved.
E) scrubbed.