Deck 4: Managing Ethics and Social Responsibility

Question 1

The CSR approach to ethical decision making sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Monitoring the Internet to maintain the company's ethical climate and workplace productivity could be considered part of an individualistic approach.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The ethical concept that acts are moral when they promote the individual's best long term interests, which ultimately leads to the greater good, is known as the moral rights approach.

Question 5

The Preconventional level of Personal Moral Development lives up to expectations of others, upholds laws, and fulfills duties and obligations of the social system.

Question 6

The basis for the recent trend among companies to police employee personal habits such as alcohol and tobacco consumption on the job is called the utilitarian ethic.

Question 7

Compensatory justice argues that an employees compensation should be based on individual performance.

Question 8

Level 3 of the Personal Moral Development model is Conventional.

Question 9

Individuals, at the preconventional level, are concerned with external rewards and punishments and obey authority to avoid detrimental personal consequences.

Question 10

Procedural justice requires that rules be stated clearly, consistently and impartially enforced, and administered fairly.

Question 11

An ethical dilemma arises in a situation concerning right or wrong when values are in conflict.

Question 12

If something is ethical, it must not be illegal.

Question 13

Individualism is popular in the highly organized society of today because it supports immediate self-gain.

Question 14

The practical approach to ethical decision making says that ethical issues are not always clear cut.

Question 15

The right of free consent, the right to privacy, and the right of freedom of conscience are rights that should be considered in the moral rights approach.

Question 16

Ethics is the code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviors of individuals or groups.

Question 17

Although public confidence in business managers is at an all-time low, politics, sports, and non-profit organizations have not been affected.

Question 18

Managers carry a tremendous responsibility for setting the ethical climate in an organization and can act as role models for others.

Question 19

Most ethical dilemmas in business involve a conflict between stakeholders and shareholders.

Question 20

The moral agent is an individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization.

Question 21

A stakeholder is any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance.

Question 22

An individual at the postconventional level lives up to expectations of others, fulfills duties and obligations of social systems, and upholds law.

Question 23

Approximately 20% of American adults, according to your text, never reach the postconventional level of moral development.

Question 24

Policy-based statements generally outline the procedure to be used in specific ethical situations.

Question 25

Economic responsibility, carried to the extreme, is called the profit-maximizing view.

Question 26

Principle-based statements define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees.

Question 27

Economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities are the four areas of social responsibility which can be used to evaluate corporate social performance.

Question 28

Special interest groups include trade associations, political action committees and consumerists.

Question 29

Important stakeholders in corporations include the government and the community.

Question 30

Individuals are concerned with external rewards and punishments at the principled level.

Question 31

Ethical responsibility includes behaviors that are not necessarily codified into law and may not serve the corporation's direct economic interests.

Question 32

The majority of managers operate at the preconventional level of personal moral development.

Question 33

Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current population while preserving the environment for the needs of future generations refers to sustainability.

Question 34

Social responsibility is management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization.

Question 35

Unfortunately, discretionary responsibility is involuntary and is mandated by economics, law, or ethics.

Question 36

Ethical behavior occurs when decisions enable an individual or company to gain at the expense of society.

Question 37

Principled level of moral development is also referred to as the postconventional level.

Question 38

Social responsibility covers a narrow range of issues, many of which are unambiguous with respect to right or wrong.

Question 39

One of the newest positions in organizations is the chief operating officer, a response to widespread financial wrongdoing in recent years.

Question 40

Economic responsibility defines what society deems as important with respect to appropriate corporate behavior.

Question 41

When everyone is pursuing self-direction, the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest is an example of the .

A) utilitarian approach
B) individualism approach
C) moral-justice approach
D) justice approach
E) social responsibility

Question 42

Which approach is the ethical concept that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number?

A) Defensive
B) Justice
C) Utilitarian
D) Individualism
E) Moral-rights

Question 43

The approach refers to the ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them.

A) individualism
B) justice
C) utilitarian
D) moral-rights
E) discretionary responsibility

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT one of the moral rights that could be considered during decision-making?

A) The right to free consent.
B) The right to invade privacy.
C) The right to free speech.
D) The right of freedom of conscience.
E) The right to life and safety.

Question 45

to ethical decision-making is consistent with free consent, privacy, and free speech.

A) Moral-rights approach
B) Individualism approach
C) Utilitarian approach
D) Justice approach
E) Dual-economic approach

Question 46

Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another. The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the total corporation. This is an example of the:

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-justice approach.
D) justice approach.
E) illegal approach.

Question 47

Which of the following is the individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization?

A) The symbolic leader
B) An obstructive manager
C) The defensive individual
D) The moral agent
E) An authoritarian manager

Question 48

A new drug has not been approved by the FDA to sell in the U.S. because further testing is needed. The company has a chance to sell its product in another country immediately to start recovering the costs of R & D and production three years ahead of time. This example places the decision in which of the categories from the text?

A) The ethical domain
B) The domain of free choice
C) The legal domain
D) The obstructive category
E) The protective domain

Question 49

The decision by ABC International to downsize and reduce its labor force is in the:

A) domain of codified law.
B) domain of free choice.
C) domain of ethics.
D) social responsibility.
E) none of these.

Question 50

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong, is considered:

A) a moral agent.
B) a social responsibility.
C) an ethical dilemma.
D) an ethical standard.
E) discretionary responsibility.

Question 51

A chief ethics officer is a company executive who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance.

Question 52

A normative approach to ethical decision making:

A) reduces ethical dilemmas to easy-to-understand formulas.
B) uses various approaches to describe guiding values for decisions.
C) states that everyone must use their employer's value system at work.
D) dictates only one way to choose to resolve dilemmas.
E) none of these.

Question 53

Which ethical approach are companies citing to justify their policing of employee's personal habits on and off the job, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption?

A) Justice approach
B) Utilitarian approach
C) Individualism approach
D) Moral-justice approach
E) Discretionary responsibility

Question 54

A recent poll found that percent of people surveyed say corporate America's moral compass is pointing in the wrong direction.

A) 10
B) 29
C) 52
D) 76
E) 98

Question 55

Managers are often concerned good citizenship will hurt performance.

Question 56

Human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by another individual's decision. This ethical decision making approach is known as the:

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-rights approach.
D) dualism approach.
E) none of these.

Question 57

Caleb is a manager at Computer-Care Company. He is expected to consider the effort of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the satisfaction for the greatest number of people. This is an example of the:

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-justice approach.
D) justice approach.
E) soft-line managerial approach.

Question 58

An organization's decision to hire for an open position is in the:

A) domain of codified law.
B) domain of free choice.
C) domain of ethics.
D) domain of compensatory justice.
E) domain of social responsibility.

Question 59

The disclosure by an employee of illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices by the organization is called whistle- blowing.

Question 60

The ethical decision approach that requires persons to be guided by standards of equity, fairness and impartiality is the:

A) moral-rights approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) utilitarian approach.
D) justice approach.
E) discretionary responsibility.

Question 61

Which of these best illustrates the preconventional stage of moral development?

A) Everybody else is doing it, so it must be okay.
B) What would my boss think if I did this?
C) I know this is not right, and I will not do it, even if everyone else is.
D) What am I going to get from making this decision?
E) All of these.

Question 62

The leadership style matches with the preconventional level of personal moral development.

A) autocratic
B) team oriented
C) servant leadership
D) guiding/encouraging
E) transforming

Question 63

refers to the concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics.

A) Procedural justice
B) Compensatory justice
C) Distributive justice
D) Organizational justice
E) Moral-justice

Question 64

In what stage of personal moral development is a person mostly concerned with external rewards and personal consequences of an action?

A) Preconventional
B) Conventional
C) Principled
D) Discretionary
E) None of these

Question 65

Which of the following stages is the stage of personal moral development in which an individual develops an internal set of standards and values?

A) Preconventional
B) Conventional
C) Principled
D) Discretionary
E) Social

Question 66

Which of these employee behaviors matches with the postconventional level of personal moral development?

A) Empowered employees, full participation
B) Task accomplishment
C) Act in own interest
D) Work group collaboration
E) Autocratic

Question 67

Regarding the levels of personal moral development, the majority of managers operate at the level.

A) preconventional
B) autocratic
C) postconventional
D) conventional
E) transformative

Question 68

matches with the preconventional level of personal moral development.

A) Work group collaboration
B) Task accomplishment
C) Empowered employees
D) Full participation
E) Transforming

Question 69

The concept that the party responsible should compensate individuals for the cost of their injuries is referred to as:

A) distributive justice.
B) injury justice.
C) procedural justice.
D) organizational justice.
E) compensatory justice.

Question 70

Most people have learned to conform to expectations of good behavior expected by colleagues, family, friends, and society. They are in what stage of moral development?

A) Preconventional
B) Conventional
C) Discretionary
D) Principled
E) Traditional

Question 71

Which of these employee behaviors matches with the conventional level of personal moral development?

A) Task accomplishment
B) Empowered employees
C) Work group collaboration
D) Full participation
E) Act in own interest

Question 72

The thinking underlying the domain of is the closest to the justice approach.

A) social responsibility
B) free choice
C) law
D) discretionary responsibility
E) ethics

Question 73

People making decisions based on an internal set of beliefs that has more meaning to them than the expectations of others:

A) are in the preconventional level of moral development.
B) are in the conventional level of moral development.
C) are in the principled level of moral development.
D) do not care what people think of them.
E) none of these.

Question 74

The conventional stage of moral development is best described by which of the following statements?

A) I won't do that because the boss will be upset with me.
B) Everybody else is doing it, so it must be okay.
C) I know this is not right, and I will not do it, even if everyone else is.
D) What am I going to get from making this decision?
E) All of these.

Question 75

Any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance is called:

A) a supplier.
B) an international customer.
C) a stakeholder.
D) OPEC.
E) a trade association.

Question 76

matches with the postconventional level of personal moral development.

A) Team oriented
B) Autocratic
C) Guiding/encouraging
D) Coercive
E) Servant leadership

Question 77

Disk Replacement Services has just completed a procedure manual to handle employee grievances. One of the main criteria is to make it clear to employees that rules will be administered fairly and consistently. Disk Replacement operates on:

A) the procedural justice approach.
B) the utilitarian approach.
C) the individual approach.
D) the defensive approach.
E) the free-choice approach.

Question 78

When the USS Indianapolis sank after being torpedoed, one Navy pilot disobeyed orders and risked is life to save men who were being picked off by land sharks. The Navy pilot was operating from the level of moral development.

A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) lowest
E) conservative

Question 79

Which of these refers to procedural justice?

A) The concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics.
B) The concept that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced.
C) The concept that individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible.
D) The concept that people should be treated differently.
E) None of these.

Question 80

Primary stakeholders of an organization include:

A) employees.
B) customers.
C) investors and shareholders.
D) suppliers.
E) all of these.