Deck 21: America and the Great War, 1914-1920

Question 1

The European leaders of the "Big Four" during the peace negotiations applauded Wilson's realism.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Because of their belief in "freedom of the seas," the British allowed Americans to trade with Germany.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The Zimmermann telegram, sent to the Mexican government from the White House, was intercepted by the Germans.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

During World War I, popular prejudice in America associated anything German with disloyalty.

Question 5

The Great War lasted less than two years and saw about 1 million deaths.

Question 6

Women in "war work" were usually able to keep their jobs after the war.

Question 7

In the presidential election of 1916, Republicans used the slogan "He kept us out of war" to discredit Wilson.

Question 8

Weapons of the Great War included machine guns, armored tanks, flame throwers, and land mines.

Question 9

The Revenue Act of 1916 provided for the expansion of the U.S.army.

Question 10

In 1917, the sinking of U.S.vessels by German submarines in the North Atlantic directly led to Wilson's call for a formal declaration of war.

Question 11

Labor strikes became more common after the war was over.

Question 12

During the Great War, which of the following countries made up the Allied Powers?

A)France, the United States, and England
B)Italy, France, and Austria-Hungary
C)France, Great Britain, and Italy
D)France, Great Britain, and Russia
E)Italy, the United States, and Great Britain

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding President Wilson in the years leading up to the Great War is accurate?

A)Wilson was the least educated president at the time and shied away from public appearances.
B)Wilson thought it essential for the United States to be the first country to declare war.
C)Wilson was a moralist and supporter of democracy who hoped to impose his standards on other nations.
D)Wilson had a great deal of international relations experience when he was elected.
E)Wilson focused on foreign affairs in his inaugural address.

Question 14

What was the immediate cause of the outbreak of the Great War?

A)The sinking of the Lusitania
B)The Zimmerman telegram
C)The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
D)The invasion of Italy by Germany
E)The sinking of the Sussex

Question 15

The Great Migration was a result of the lack of industrial jobs for African Americans in the North.

Question 16

Henry Cabot Lodge led the Senate Republicans, who demanded amendments to the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 17

Mobilizing the nation for war led to a massive expansion of the federal government.

Question 18

Some immigrant groups in the United States, such as Irish Americans and German Americans, leaned toward the Central Powers in the European war.

Question 19

During the Great War, which of the following countries made up the Central Powers?

A)The United States, France, and England
B)Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey (the Ottoman Empire)
C)England, France, and Germany
D)Germany, Italy, and Russia
E)The United States, England, and Russia

Question 20

Under Wilson's presidency, the "preparedness" movement was popular with progressives because it benefited wealthy businesses involved in manufacturing weapons.

Question 21

During the Great War, African American men fought

A)in racially segregated units.
B)alongside whites.
C)in African American units with African American officers.
D)only in Russia.
E)only in the navy, not the army.

Question 22

What was the purpose of the Sussex Pledge?

A)Finalizing the Treaty of Versailles
B)Boosting the German economy
C)Placing limits on submarine warfare
D)Increasing the number of U-boats
E)Increasing the number of immigrants to the United States

Question 23

Trench warfare was

A)the best method available to fight the war.
B)a method that rewarded the side who lasted the longest.
C)a method generals turned to to boost the morale of their troops.
D)a method that relied on a great deal of tactical movement on the front lines.
E)a method that illustrated the "glory" and "glamour" of the war.

Question 24

Which of the following statements accurately describes changes in the lives of Mexican Americans during World War I?

A)Unlike African Americans, Mexican Americans were protected from racial discrimination in the military.
B)Mexican Americans experienced less opportunities to improve their status during the war than they had before the war.
C)The war allowed many Mexican farmworkers to find better jobs in industrial centers.
D)The war's impact on the U.S.economy caused the number of Mexican immigrants to decrease.
E)Mexican Americans were forbidden from joining the U.S.military and working in military supply units.

Question 25

With the signing of the Treaty of __________, Russia ended its involvement in the Great War.

A)Paris
B)Moscow
C)Petersburg
D)Berlin
E)Brest-Litovsk

Question 26

The British vessel the Lusitania was sunk by a U-boat in __________; the United States entered the Great War officially in __________.

A)1910; 1912
B)1914; 1914
C)1914; 1924
D)1915; 1917
E)1917; 1924

Question 27

Wilson's platform in running for reelection in 1916 included

A)a cut in social welfare programs.
B)his refusal to militarily prepare for the war.
C)his dismissal of isolationism as now outdated.
D)the discontinuation of trade with all war combatants.
E)his cutting back loans to the Allies.

Question 28

Early in the war, Germany believed that the United States

A)lacked instruments of modern warfare.
B)could defeat them militarily.
C)would never enter the war despite the sinking of American ships in the Atlantic.
D)would negotiate a fair and peaceful end to the war.
E)planned to align with them rather than with France and Great Britain.

Question 29

The "Great Migration" refers to

A)women moving to the cities to take the jobs vacated by men off to war.
B)the American Expeditionary Force traveling to Europe to fight.
C)Mexican Americans leaving farm labor for industrial jobs in southwestern cities.
D)African Americans moving from the South to the North during the war.
E)the massive influx of immigrants before the war who became part of the war effort.

Question 30

As a result of the economic expansion during the Great War, __________ moved to __________ in cities like Los Angeles and Houston.

A)Latinos; ghettos
B)African Americans; ghettos
C)Chinese; Chinatowns
D)Latinos; barrios
E)Irish; ghettos

Question 31

What was the Wilson administration's stance on the role of women as the war grew in scope?

A)It encouraged women to have more children.
B)It encouraged women to enlist.
C)It encouraged women to marry only veterans.
D)It recruited women to take on jobs previously held by mainly men.
E)It restricted women to traditional endeavors, such as running fundraising drives.

Question 32

During the Great War, why was the sale of Liberty bonds significant?

A)It allowed those who opposed the war to direct their funds toward unrelated economic endeavors.
B)It guaranteed a fixed rate of return to fund the war, with purchasers commonly viewed as patriotic.
C)It directly led to a change in the type of currency used in the United States, with the introduction of greenbacks.
D)It was a type of transaction that only involved individual Americans, rather than banks and investment houses.
E)It allowed the government to lower taxes as they prepared for war and led to decreased federal involvement in industry.

Question 33

Who was the last tsar to rule in Russia before the Bolshevik Revolution?

A)Peter I
B)Vladimir Lenin
C)Peter II
D)Nicholas II
E)Alexander II

Question 34

__________ led the __________, a group of determined Communist revolutionaries in Russia in 1917.

A)Karl Marx; Socialists
B)Leon Trotsky; Trotskyites
C)Vladimir Lenin; Bolsheviks
D)Samuel Gompers; Bolsheviks
E)Eugene V.Debs; Socialists

Question 35

Which of the following did Wilson's Fourteen Points for post-Great War peace include?

A)Russian control of Poland
B)Open conduct of diplomacy
C)An increase in barriers to international trade
D)An increase in armaments
E)The transformation of nations into colonial empires

Question 36

During the Great War, the Espionage and Sedition Acts

A)stifled free speech by forbidding public criticism of politicians and war policies.
B)only affected Americans who had been in the United States a long time, not immigrants.
C)resulted in the conviction of primarily people who served as spies.
D)were largely a formality, with infractions not resulting in any punishments.
E)doubled the income tax rate from 1 to 2 percent.

Question 37

In the Zimmerman telegram, __________ urged __________ to invade the United States.

A)Germany; Mexico
B)Great Britain; France
C)Germany; Russia
D)Germany; Canada
E)Italy; Japan

Question 38

The stated purpose of the Food Administration during the Great War was to

A)set up food banks for Americans.
B)reduce American agricultural production.
C)reduce civilian food consumption.
D)provide food for the poor and unemployed.
E)collect food donations to be sent to soldiers in Europe.

Question 39

Which of the following statements regarding the War Industries Board is correct?

A)It was headed by Herbert Hoover.
B)It was forbidden from allocating raw materials.
C)It resulted in the federal government having less authority.
D)It had the power to order the construction of new factories.
E)Compared with other mobilization agencies, it was largely ineffective.

Question 40

Which of the following statements was true of the Great War?

A)The war was unique in the amount of hand-to-hand or short-range combat.
B)The Great War came last in a series of wars considered "industrial wars."
C)Weapons such as machine guns and submarines were rare at this time and did not increase the war's destruction.
D)Mechanized weaponry made the mass killing and destruction of the war possible.
E)Although many buildings were destroyed, the number of people killed was only in the thousands.

Question 41

Fear of foreign terrorists and radicalism led to __________ at the end of the 1910s.

A)the First Red Scare
B)Wilson's assassination
C)the end of the Democratic party for several decades
D)the end of World War I
E)increased protections of long-defended civil liberties

Question 42

Wilson offended many in Congress when he did not choose __________ to join the American delegation to the peace negotiations.

A)Henry Cabot Lodge
B)David Lloyd George
C)Eugene V.Debs
D)William Howard Taft
E)W.E.B.DuBois

Question 43

Describe Wilson's Fourteen Points, discussing not only the details but the overall philosophy behind them as well.

Question 44

Which of the following countries had the highest casualties during the Great War?

A)Great Britain
B)France
C)Russia
D)Germany
E)The United States

Question 45

President Wilson believed that the keystone to ensuring lasting world peace was

A)the United Nations.
B)the League of Nations.
C)the Bolshevik Revolution.
D)the utter destruction of Germany.
E)a peace treaty centered on revenge.

Question 46

Which of the following statement's regarding President Wilson's Fourteen Points is correct?

A)The Fourteen Points called for the creation of the United Nations.
B)The Fourteen Points allowed the Central Powers to hold onto occupied lands.
C)The Fourteen Points called for racial equality.
D)The Fourteen Points called for the "self-determination" of previously dominated groups.
E)The Fourteen Points called for the discontinuation of maritime commerce among neutral nations during wartime.

Question 47

Fears of revolution were so widespread in postwar America that the U.S.attorney general created a government division to collect information on radicals headed by

A)Mitchell Palmer.
B)J.Edgar Hoover.
C)David Lloyd George.
D)William Jennings Bryan.
E)Joseph McCarthy.

Question 48

As a result of __________ in 1919, __________ of the American wage workforce was inclined to strike.

A)rising consumer prices; more
B)dropping consumer prices; less
C)increased wartime controls on wages; more
D)dropping unemployment; less
E)the American public's widespread support of Bolshevism; less

Question 49

The so-called Big Four at the peace negotiations to end the Great War included the leader of

A)Germany.
B)Italy.
C)Austria-Hungary.
D)Turkey.
E)Poland.

Question 50

Which of the following statements regarding Woodrow Wilson's involvement in negotiating an end to the Great War is correct?

A)Wilson's efforts to implement a peace plan were organized and clear.
B)Wilson did not attend the peace conference personally.
C)Wilson urged the election of a Republican Congress.
D)Wilson ignored fellow Democrats.
E)Wilson was not very popular among Republican congressmen.

Question 51

Which of the following was the independent country the Big Four created during the peace negotiations?

A)Belgium
B)Norway
C)Turkey
D)Sweden
E)Yugoslavia

Question 52

Which of the following was an effect of World War I?

A)The old empires of Europe continued to thrive.
B)Most Germans and Austrians felt they were victims of a harsh peace.
C)Russia embraced its western European allies for decades to come.
D)The United States grew less powerful due to the strain of the war on its economy.
E)Europe, once again, confirmed its self-image as the admired center of Western culture.

Question 53

The __________ voted to reject the Treaty of Versailles that President Wilson had worked so hard on.

A)U.S.Congress
B)U.S.House of Representatives
C)U.S.Senate
D)U.S.Supreme Court
E)League of Nations

Question 54

Which of the following statements regarding America in the immediate aftermath of the Great War is accurate?

A)Employment was on the rise.
B)Racial tensions were declining.
C)Americans felt they were doing better economically.
D)Americans experienced a postwar crisis.
E)Americans felt safe at home.

Question 55

__________ are the payment of money for war damages.

A)Reparations
B)Retributions
C)Tributes
D)Taxes
E)Tariffs

Question 56

Beginning in 1918, __________ killed millions of people worldwide and became a pandemic in the United States.

A)whooping cough
B)the Spanish flu
C)malaria
D)smallpox
E)yellow fever

Question 57

__________ and __________ wanted Germany to pay for the entire financial cost of the war.

A)The United States; France
B)Great Britain; France
C)Great Britain; Russia
D)Russia; Hungary
E)The United States; Great Britain

Question 58

Which of the following statements about African American life in the aftermath of the Great War is accurate?

A)African Americans had not been allowed to enlist and thus felt minimal effects from the war.
B)Segregation was largely outlawed, but African Americans still did not have the right to vote.
C)Whites caused a wave of race riots, in part out of resentment of the success some African Americans had after the war.
D)Northern cities, such as Chicago, became safe havens devoid of racial riots and tensions.
E)African Americans experienced a brief period of little racial violence, known as the "Red Summer."

Question 59

Which of the following statements about women's suffrage in 1920 is accurate?

A)Despite their prominence in defense industries after the war, women would not be able to vote for another decade.
B)The United States was the first nation to permit women to vote in national elections.
C)Recently granted the right to vote, women comprised 40 percent of the electorate in that year's presidential election.
D)Women continued to serve in the army and began to rise through the ranks as officers.
E)Women dominated workers' unions and gained more jobs in the armaments industry as well as steel and lumber mills.

Question 60

The __________ rewarded women who had worked so hard during the Great War with the right to vote.

A)Nineteenth Amendment
B)Eighteenth Amendment
C)Fifteenth Amendment
D)Fourteenth Amendment
E)Thirteenth Amendment

Question 61

Describe the economic mobilization on the American home front.

Question 62

Describe the nature of the fighting in the early years of the Great War.Pay special attention to the Western front and trench warfare.

Question 63

Trace America's attempt at neutrality prior to its entry into World War I.

Question 64

How and why were civil liberties curtailed during World War I? What was the effect of these curtailments?

Question 65

Describe the end of the war and the writing of the Treaty of Versailles.What were the terms of the treaty? Which nations were involved in writing the treaty? What was the American reaction to the treaty? Why?

Question 66

How did involvement in the war affect the position of women, African Americans, and immigrants in the United States?

Question 67

What were the United States' contributions to the Great War? How did America help the Allies win the war?

Question 68

How did participation in the war affect the role of the federal government in the United States?