Deck 10: Families

Question 1

The family that one established through marriage, consisting of oneself and oneʹs spouse and children, is called a family of

A) orientation.
B) birth.
C) procreation.
D) status.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following aspects of family life would be of the most interest to symbolic interactionists?

A) how the family is a haven in a heartless world
B) the way the family functions to promote emotional support
C) the interaction between husband and wife
D) the interaction between the family and the economy

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In modern American society, for the most part, families prefer residence patterns.

A) patrilocal
B) bilateral
C) patrilineal
D) egalitarian

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In his studies of married couples, Goffman found that a major contributor to a successful marriage was

A) an excess of positive interactions over negative interactions.
B) an excess of negative interactions over positive interactions.
C) thoughtful friendliness.
D) conflict avoiding interaction.

Question 5

American families are becoming more in terms of authority, power, and decision-making.

A) matriarchal
B) patriarchal
C) neolocal
D) egalitarian

Question 6

Functions of dating include all of the following EXCEPT

A) a form of entertainment.
B) opportunities to develop companionships and friendship.
C) opportunities for meeting a wide range of people.
D) opportunities for finding a spouse.

Question 7

Functionalists believe that the family is responsible for reproduction, economic cooperation, emotional support, and

A) enforcing political views.
B) ensuring a livelihood.
C) socializing the young.
D) upholding justice.

Question 8

One form of family in the United States that has become very common is the

A) traditional family.
B) one-career family.
C) two-career family.
D) single father family.

Question 9

Camille was a family sociologist. When she studied the family, she focused on how often family members experienced pain and how women were expected to do unpaid domestic work. Most likely, she was using the perspective on the family.

A) functionalist
B) interactionist
C) conflict
D) feminist

Question 10

Another term for the nuclear family is the family.

A) extended
B) consanguine
C) conjugal
D) patriarchal

Question 11

Although more than half of married women are now gainfully employed, they

A) believe in the importance of gender role specialization.
B) have gained little power and economic independence.
C) would rather stay home to care for children.
D) still do most of the housework.

Question 12

The cornerstone of the U.S. family is the

A) employment of the husband.
B) coupleʹs children.
C) relationship between husband and wife.
D) prospect of divorce.

Question 13

John lives in a traditional society and has two wives. His marriage is called

A) endogamy.
B) polyandry.
C) polygyny.
D) monogamy.

Question 14

The norm that recognizes only the fatherʹs family as a childʹs close relatives is called descent.

A) matrilineal
B) patrilineal
C) bilateral
D) egalitarian

Question 15

Marriage of one person to two or more people but one at a time is called

A) endogamy.
B) polyandry.
C) serial monogamy.
D) monogamy.

Question 16

When a nuclear family lives in close proximity to other relatives, interacting with them frequently and acting together as a unit for some purposes, it becomes an) family.

A) extended
B) conjugal
C) nuclear
D) arranged

Question 17

The conflict perspective suggests that the family is a mechanism for

A) menʹs exploitation of women.
B) menʹs financial success.
C) womenʹs domination.
D) womenʹs exploitation of men.

Question 18

One reason why the family is such a violent institution is because it

A) involves economic cooperation.
B) generates strong feelings.
C) has lost many of its traditional functions.
D) ensures the survival of society.

Question 19

The socialization function of the family ensures a society carries out both biological and reproduction.

A) sociological
B) status
C) cultural
D) sexual

Question 20

In most societies, people are required to practice , which is the act of marrying someone from outside oneʹs group.

A) heterogamy
B) arranged marriages
C) endogamy
D) exogamy

Question 21

The incidence of family violence is most likely to occur because of

A) the presence of stress.
B) how people have learned to handle stress.
C) defective genetic traits.
D) a lack of adequate income.

Question 22

Jack, a structural engineer, and his wife, Jill, have two children. Jack prepares breakfast for the family and school lunches most mornings. Jill prepares dinner each evening and the whole family clears the table and does the dishes after dinner. Jack and Jill have accepted the value of

A) gender inequality.
B) gender equality.
C) gender neutrality.
D) egalitarian society.

Question 23

Industrialization had a negative impact on women because they

A) lost their status as their husbandsʹ economic partners.
B) gained new and difficult tasks in the household.
C) had to depend more on the ʺhelping professionsʺ to solve family problems.
D) no longer could have as many children as before.

Question 24

Violence within the American family

A) is strongly disapproved of in our culture.
B) has cultural support.
C) is relatively rare.
D) is directed toward husbands as much as toward wives.

Question 25

Different research projects have found all of the following to be true about the effect of a wifeʹs employment on the marriage, EXCEPT that it

A) almost always benefits both husband and wife.
B) sometimes benefits the wife but is stressful for the husband.
C) is often stressful for the wife.
D) depends on how much support she gets from her husband.

Question 26

In traditional societies, romantic love is

A) viewed as a rational basis for marriage.
B) viewed as an irrational basis for marriage.
C) more important than economic security.
D) viewed as being a short-lived emotion.

Question 27

Two reasons for the increase in single-parent families are increased divorce and

A) a breakdown in marital norms.
B) a change in gender roles.
C) an increase in unwed mothers.
D) the impact of sex education programs.

Question 28

Which of the following statements is most typical of the family during the colonial era of American?

A) Industrialization caused the extended family to contract.
B) Institutional differentiation caused the family to lose many of its functions.
C) Men, women, and children helped produce the familyʹs livelihood.
D) The most important function of the family was emotional security.

Question 29

Which of the following is a function of dating that sociologists feel is important?

A) providing a way to help oneʹs own status to rise
B) finding people to hang around with
C) obtaining a free source of meals and entertainment
D) taking advantage of a date of low status

Question 30

David grew up in the south-side neighborhood of Chicago. There is a fifty-fifty chance that his spouse will come from within

A) his peer group.
B) the college he attends.
C) the north-side neighborhood of Chicago.
D) walking distance from his home.

Question 31

Researchers suggest that all of the following are characteristics of marital happiness EXCEPT

A) being engaged for at least two years.
B) being religious.
C) being financially stable.
D) being of the same race and religion.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the high divorce rate in the United States?

A) the fact that divorce is more socially acceptable
B) greater opportunities and services for divorced people
C) high expectations about the quality of marital relationships
D) the decline of individualism in American culture

Question 33

In most marriages the couples share all of the following, EXCEPT for

A) personality traits.
B) levels of education.
C) social class standing.
D) racial backgrounds.

Question 34

Characteristics associated with divorce include all of the following EXCEPT

A) financial problems.
B) marrying too young.
C) divorced parents.
D) decreased social approval.

Question 35

Which of the following statements about romantic love is true?

A) It causes young people to choose their mates irrationally.
B) It provides for intrinsic satisfactions as opposed to extrinsic rewards.
C) It is based mostly on sexual attraction.
D) It is a guarantee of marital happiness.

Question 36

The United States has the highest rate of in the industrial world.

A) divorce
B) marriage
C) births
D) deaths

Question 37

Dating today involves

A) more males asking out females.
B) less premarital sex.
C) a great deal of spontaneity.
D) more etiquette and formality than ever before.

Question 38

The norms that require people to marry those with social characteristics similar to their own are called

A) romantic love.
B) differentiation.
C) heterogamy.
D) homogamy.

Question 39

Jane was married but after a while she became more concerned about her own needs and interests. She decided to get a divorce and go back to school. Her experience was based on what cause of divorce?

A) increased individualism
B) increased specialization of the family in providing love
C) higher expectation about the quality of the marriage relationship
D) greater availability of services and opportunities for the divorced

Question 40

The number of unmarried teenage mothers has declined sharply in recent years primarily because

A) there has been an increase in sexual activity.
B) there has been a reduction in sexual activity.
C) poverty rates have declined.
D) marriage rages have increased.

Question 41

The traditional U.S. family, which consists of a breadwinner father and a homemaker mother, has been around since the colonial period.

Question 42

Ted and Emily both have gainful employment. Their arrangement is called a two -career family.

Question 43

Children from single-parent families are more likely than other children to have problems because their fathers are not around.

Question 44

In many relatively poor and traditional societies, women marry very young, at age 15 to 19.

Question 45

The most devastating blow to African American families since the early 1970s is

A) the legacy of slavery.
B) an increase in racism.
C) deindustrialization.
D) cohabitation.

Question 46

Good marriages are ʺgreedyʺ by demanding total and undivided commitment.

Question 47

There is no difference between dating and marriage in the choice of partners.

Question 48

Which of the following outcomes for the family do sociologists predict as the most likely?

A) the complete disappearance of the family
B) the maintenance of traditional family forms
C) many diverse forms of the family
D) the disappearance of two-parent families

Question 49

Among Asian Americans, Confucianism emphasizes the

A) individualʹs obligation to the family.
B) familyʹs obligation to the individual.
C) egalitarian social roles.
D) need for small, very mobile families.

Question 50

According to the text, more gay men and lesbians live together today than ever before.

Question 51

The rise in cohabitation rates

A) has reduced the birth rates.
B) has increased marriage rates.
C) has raised concerns about the institution of marriage.
D) has raised concerns about the institution of religion.

Question 52

Cohabitation works like a trial marriage and prepares the couple for marital success.

Question 53

Research has found that children raised by homosexual couples

A) develop the same as children raised by heterosexual parents.
B) are less developed than children raised by heterosexual parents.
C) generally turn to a life of crime.
D) are more developed than children raised by heterosexual parents.

Question 54

Conflicts in stepfamilies are most likely to occur between

A) stepfathers and teenagers.
B) stepfathers and married children.
C) stepmothers and grown children.
D) stepmothers and babies.

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a reason why people stay single today?

A) a feeling of opposition to the social institution of marriage
B) a scarcity of eligible men
C) women can now achieve high status independent of men
D) some people prefer the singles lifestyle

Question 56

According to the text, the family is the center of emotional life.

Question 57

Although the United States has the highest divorce rate in the world, Americans are more likely to marry than people in other industrial societies.

Question 58

Traditional Native American family life has disappeared among many people because of

A) the increasing mobility and urbanization of Native Americans.
B) the U.S. governmentʹs program of destroying the Native American culture early in the last century.
C) the impact of industrialization and the economy.
D) the fact that few Native Americans want to get married.

Question 59

The key event that determines how successfully a blended family works is

A) the amount of money the blended family has.
B) the age of the stepchildren.
C) the relationship between the stepfather and the children.
D) the age of the stepmother.

Question 60

In the U.S., gay couples generally do not have the same legal protection and financial benefits as heterosexual couples. Recently, a number of cities in the U.S. have addressed the issue by providing unmarried couples an)

A) document stating that the couple lives together.
B) domestic partnership agreement.
C) marriage license.
D) tax exemption.

Question 61

Since the Industrial Revolution a diversity of family types have emerged, thereby causing the
family to become less common.

Question 62

According to the perspective, the family performs certain functions for virtually all societies.

Question 63

Neolocal residence is the home where the married couple live by themselves, away from both the husbandʹs and wifeʹs families.

Question 64

is the marriage of one women to two or more men.

Question 65

Sandra grew up in a family containing her mother, father, and a sister. This family would be Sandraʹs family of .

Question 66

Both the functionalist and perspective deal with the larger issue of what the family is like as a social institution.

Question 67

marriages have recently been legalized in only a few countries, such as Canada, Belgium and the Netherlands.

Question 68

Joe lives in a family that consists of his parents, his wife and children, and his parentsʹ brother. This would be an example of an) family.

Question 69

According to the text, the nuclear family, which consists of two parents living with children, as not been the typical U.S. family for some time now.

Question 70

According to the text, most people do not consciously prepare themselves for marriage or diligently seek a person to marry.

Question 71

Compared with parents in two-parent families, single mothers are more likely to experience social and psychological stress because they more often have severely limited financial resources.

Question 72

Frank lives in a society that approves of his marriage to two different women at the same time. This type of marriage is called .

Question 73

is common in the United States.

Question 74

Today, the majority of traditional families with married couples and children have both parents working outside the home.

Question 75

is a marriage in which partners are selected by the coupleʹs parents.

Question 76

is the norm that recognized both parentsʹ families as the childʹs close relatives.

Question 77

is the family that one establishes through marriage, consisting of oneself an oneʹs spouse and children.

Question 78

Couples who have lived together without being married are less likely to get divorced.

Question 79

refers to the norm that people should marry those with social characteristics similar to their own.

Question 80

To replace members who pass away, a society needs not only biological reproduction but also
reproduction.