Deck 10: Art of South and Southeast Asia Before 1200

Question 1

The Indus Valley civilization thrived around the same time as

A) Etruscan culture.
B) Old Kingdom Egypt.
C) Classical Greece.
D) Imperial Rome.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What are used in Buddhist and Hindu art as physical expressions of different states of being?

A) mithuna
B) erotic figures
C) mudras
D) yakshi

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which describes the garbhagriha, where a statue of the temple's main god is kept in Hindu temples?

A) a windowless space
B) a light-filled chamber
C) a tower
D) a covered porch

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What are Buddhist religious monuments that frequently hold sacred relics and are venerated through circumambulation?

A) temples
B) viharas
C) amalakas
D) stupas

Question 5

The erotic sculptures decorating the Kandariya Mahadeva (Fig. 10-30) are thought to express

A) Shiva's consorts.
B) ceremonial rituals.
C) human divinity.
D) human lust.

Question 6

What are the names for the two types of rock-cut halls that were made for Buddhist monastic communities?

A) shikhara and amalaka
B) mandapas and plinth
C) vihara and chaitya
D) torana and garbhagriha

Question 7

Stories of the Buddha's past lives are called

A) Jataka tales.
B) Mandapas tales.
C) Garbhagriha tales.
D) Toranas tales.

Question 8

What do the lions represent in the Lion Capital from Sarnath (Fig. 10-6)?

A) four great rulers
B) four great temples of Sarnath
C) four buddhas of the earth
D) four cardinal directions

Question 9

A "fully enlightened being"-who sees the ultimate nature of the world and is no longer subject to the cycle of samsara-is known as a

A) buddha.
B) chakravartin.
C) yakshi.
D) bodhisattva.

Question 10

The rock-cut relief Descent of the Ganges (Fig. 10-26) is probably meant to

A) serve as an allegory of the king's penance.
B) teach Hindu beliefs through dramatic narratives.
C) provide a focus for meditation and ritual devotion.
D) record a historical event.

Question 11

Built of stone blocks, what kind of construction was in the Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho (Fig. 10-29)?

A) corbelled arch
B) post-and-lintel
C) barrel and groin vault
D) waddle-and-daub

Question 12

On the toranas of the Great Stupa at Sanchi (Fig. 10-9), Jataka tales of the Buddha's past lives are organized according to

A) where the action occurred.
B) importance of lesson.
C) chronological order.
D) alphabetical order.

Question 13

What visible characteristic distinguishes Gandhara sculptures of the Buddha?

A) the ushnisha
B) the use of red sandstone
C) the defined folds in the robe
D) the Abhaya mudras

Question 14

What helped preserve the colossal sculpture Parinirvana of the Buddha at Gal Vihara (Fig. 10-31)?

A) the monastery
B) the environment
C) the superstructure
D) the granite

Question 15

In addition to their carved imagery and inscriptions, Ashokan pillars (Fig. 10-1) conveyed symbolic meaning as

A) a flag-bearing standard.
B) geographic markers.
C) a stupa.
D) the axis mundi.

Question 16

How does the Male Torso (Fig. 10-5) found at Harappa forecast essential attributes of later Indian sculpture?

A) its small, intimate scale
B) the sensuous emphasis on the body
C) the use of nudity
D) the removable arts and head

Question 17

The Mathura style of Buddhist sculpture evolved from representations of indigenous male nature deities called

A) mudras.
B) katras.
C) bodhisattvas.
D) yakshas.

Question 18

The Eternal Shiva at the temple of Shiva at Elephanta (Fig. 10-24) conveys the range of Shiva's powers through multiple

A) pillars.
B) arms.
C) expressions.
D) heads.

Question 19

The Female Figure Holding a Fly-Whisk (Fig. 10-7) is characteristic of Maurya period sculpture in the

A) figure's fleshy sensuality.
B) high polished sandstone.
C) representation of a yakshi figure.
D) decorative adornment.

Question 20

The bodhisattva in the wall painting of Cave 1 in Ajanta (Fig. 10-19) is identified as Avalokiteshvara through the

A) lotus flower in his hand.
B) princely garments.
C) distinctive headdress.
D) use of color.

Question 21

What are the two styles of sculpture that appear in the ancient Indus civilization?

Question 22

What was the bhakti movement in Hinduism and how is it reflected in art?

Question 23

What divides the depiction of drunkenness from that of moderation in the relief of Scene of Drunkenness and Moderation (Fig. 10-37)?

A) a table
B) a tree
C) an instrument
D) a wine jug

Question 24

Who are the three main deities of Hinduism?

Question 25

How would you compare and contrast northern- and southern-style temples?

Question 26

How did Siddhartha Gautama reach enlightenment?

Question 27

Discuss the style, content, and purpose of Indus Valley seals. What do they reveal about early civilizations?

Question 28

What do the locations of the shrines at the Loro Jonggrang (Fig. 10-38) suggest?

A) occupation
B) status
C) wealth
D) piety

Question 29

Why did the Gandhara and Mathura schools thrive?

Question 30

Why did Ashoka erect monuments to Buddha?

Question 31

Compare and contrast the Angkor style in Cambodia with the Dvaravati style in Thailand.

Question 32

What is a stupa, and what are its primary physical characteristics?

Question 33

How do representations of Buddha differ throughout South and Southeast Asia?

Question 34

Explain the iconography and cultural significance of Shiva Nataraja (Fig. 10-33).

Question 35

In what style is the temple of Vishnu at Deogarh (Fig. 10-16)?

A) northern
B) eastern
C) western
D) southern

Question 36

How are Hindu monuments different from Buddhist monuments? Provide examples.

Question 37

What makes the Rajarajeshvara Temple (Fig. 10-32) a monumental southern-style temple?

Question 38

What is depicted on the entrance to the temple of Vishnu at Deogarh (Figs. 10-16 and 10-17)?

Question 39

In 2001, the Taliban destroyed two colossal statues of Buddha carved from the rock of a cliff in

A) Pakistan.
B) Afghanistan.
C) Uzbekistan.
D) India.

Question 40

The palace site of Sigiriya (Fig. 10-19) is located on a plateau in what country?

A) Cambodia
B) Laos
C) Vietnam
D) Sri Lanka