Deck 24: Pathogenic Dna Viruses

Question 1

Which among the following are the largest DNA viruses that infect humans?

A) Herpesviridae
B) Poxviridae
C) Adenoviridae
D) Papillomaviridae
E) Polyomaviridae

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the polyoma BK virus is TRUE?

A) Its name comes from the initials of the scientist who discovered it.
B) It is rarely found in humans.
C) It can reactivate and cause severe urinary tract disease.
D) It infects only the oligodendrocytes of the brain.
E) Latent infections always develop.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A homeschooled child recently visited an ailing great- grandparent who was complaining of a painful rash. Even though the child had had no contact with children suffering from chickenpox, the child developed chickenpox. How did the child contract the infection?

A) An insect vector infected the child.
B) The virus was likely contracted from fomites.
C) The adult had shingles and the child was exposed to virus particles.
D) The adult had chickenpox and exposed the child.
E) There is insufficient information for a conclusion.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Pinkeye is caused by

A) human herpesvirus 4.
B) human herpesvirus 7.
C) a poxvirus.
D) a polyomavirus.
E) an adenovirus.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of both molluscum contagiosum and smallpox?

A) The causative agent is a large dsDNA virus with a complex capsid.
B) A genital form of the disease exists.
C) The rash forms fluid- filled vesicles that become pustules.
D) It has a morality rate of 20%.
E) A vaccine is available.

Question 6

High fever, headache, extreme fatigue, and a rash on the face that progresses to fluid- and pus- filled sores before crusting over and healing are signs and symptoms consistent with infection with

A) herpesvirus.
B) adenovirus.
C) poxvirus.
D) polyomavirus.
E) papillomavirus.

Question 7

Which of the following viruses are oncogenic?

A) papillomavirus
B) adenovirus
C) human herpesvirus 4
D) both human herpesvirus 4 and papillomavirus
E) adenovirus, human herpesvirus 4, and papillomavirus

Question 8

Shingles, or herpes zoster, is caused by the virus that also causes

A) warts.
B) molluscum contagiosum.
C) cold sores.
D) chickenpox.
E) smallpox.

Question 9

Reactivation of in immunosuppressed persons may produce Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer of the blood vessels.

A) HHV- 8
B) HHV- 6
C) BK virus
D) EBV
E) cytomegalovirus

Question 10

Characteristic features of the herpesvirus used for diagnosis include the

A) presence of viruses intracellularly years after recovery from the infection.
B) presence of recurring lesions in the lip or genital regions.
C) presence of recurring lesions in the lip or genital regions and syncytia in infected tissue.
D) ability of the virus to be transmitted to neonates.
E) presence of syncytia in infected tissue.

Question 11

A childhood illness caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by a "rosy" rash all over the body is known as

A) roseola.
B) chickenpox.
C) monkeypox.
D) CMV.
E) kissing disease.

Question 12

Which of the following poxviruses are zoonoses?

A) cowpox
B) smallpox
C) molluscum contagiosum
D) monkeypox
E) both cowpox and monkeypox

Question 13

Which of the following viruses is a DNA virus that infects liver cells?

A) polyomaviruses
B) herpesviruses
C) adenoviruses
D) hepadnaviruses
E) poxviruses

Question 14

Vaccinia, or cowpox, was used to eradicate the related smallpox virus. This would make it a(n)

A) subunit vaccine.
B) attenuated vaccine.
C) Dane particle.
D) reservoir.
E) cofactor.

Question 15

Where does human herpesvirus 4 (EBV) become latent?

A) in B lymphocytes
B) in cytotoxic T lymphocytes
C) in oligodendrocytes
D) in brachial ganglia
E) in the dorsal root ganglion

Question 16

Adenoviruses infect

A) the nervous system.
B) the respiratory tract.
C) the digestive tract.
D) both the digestive tract and the respiratory tract.
E) both the respiratory tract and the nervous system.

Question 17

Which of the following statements concerning genital warts is FALSE?

A) They can be sexually transmitted.
B) They can be transmitted via fomites.
C) The incidence is relatively low because treatment is available.
D) They can travel to different locations on the same individual by autoinoculation.
E) The virus may remain latent in neighboring cells and cause lesions at a later time.

Question 18

Which of the following lesions is a hard, raised sore?

A) papule
B) pox
C) macule
D) vesicle
E) pustule

Question 19

A scientist discovers a new virus that causes mild respiratory disease in humans. He is able to isolate, purify, and characterize the virus. The virus preparation contains double- stranded DNA and no lipid. To which of the following virus families does this new virus likely belong?

A) Herpesviridae
B) Papillomarviridae
C) Adenoviridae or Papillomaviridae
D) Adenoviridae
E) Herpesviridae or Poxviridae

Question 20

Gamma interferon is sometimes used to treat infections with

A) parvoviruses.
B) poxviruses.
C) herpesviruses.
D) adenoviruses.
E) both herpesviruses and poxviruses.

Question 21

Hepatitis B virus releases a large amount of viral antigen, which benefits the patient by

A) allowing for better treatment.
B) making it easier to develop a vaccine.
C) producing a stronger cellular immune response.
D) activating humoral immunity.
E) ensuring plentiful substrate for binding with labeled antibodies in diagnostic tests.

Question 22

What conditions may trigger reactivation of latent herpesvirus infections?

A) fever
B) immune suppression
C) major hormonal changes
D) severe stress
E) Fever, stress, immune suppression, or hormonal changes can all trigger reactivation.

Question 23

Virions known as Dane particles are the infectious form of

A) hepatitis B.
B) VZV.
C) hepatitis D.
D) human herpesvirus 1.
E) EBV.

Question 24

The large size of poxviruses allows them to

A) travel in droplets.
B) be easily isolated in infected cells.
C) attach to both animal and human cells.
D) be potential vectors for introduction of genetic material in vaccinations for gene therapy.
E) provoke a strong immune response in the host.

Question 25

Which of the following viruses are the only ssDNA viruses that cause disease in humans?

A) Parvoviridae
B) Herpesviridae
C) Hepadnaviridae
D) Poxviridae
E) Polyomaviridae

Question 26

An older adult is complaining of an intensely painful rash that has appeared as a patch on one side of his chest. This description is consistent with

A) roseola.
B) whitlow.
C) chickenpox.
D) shingles.
E) smallpox.

Question 27

Which of the following viruses exist only in laboratory stocks?

A) varicella
B) erythrovirus
C) smallpox
D) cowpox
E) vaccinia

Question 28

Infection of the respiratory system by may develop into symptoms of a common cold.

A) cytomegaloviruses
B) adenoviruses
C) polyomaviruses
D) papillomaviruses
E) parvoviruses

Question 29

Which of the following statements concerning the hepatitis B vaccine is FALSE?

A) It is recommended for high- risk groups.
B) Immunity can last at least 20 years and may be for life.
C) It must be given in three doses.
D) It must be repeated every five years.
E) It is protective against the virus in 95% of vaccinated individuals.

Question 30

Human herpesvirus 4 (EBV) is implicated in which of the following diseases?

A) chronic fatigue syndrome
B) cervical cancer
C) oral hairy leukoplakia
D) Burkitt's lymphoma
E) Burkitt's lymphoma, chronic fatigue syndrome, and oral hairy leukoplakia

Question 31

Reactivation of latent in immunosuppressed individuals may result in disease of the brain known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PLM).

A) HHV- 6
B) B19 virus
C) JC virus
D) HHV- 8
E) BK virus

Question 32

A teenager shows up at a clinic with lesions on his face. The sores are raised, light- colored bumps with a waxy texture. A few similar lesions are present on the torso as well. With which of the following viruses might he be infected?

A) B19 virus
B) papillomavirus
C) human herpesvirus 4
D) molluscum contagiosum
E) human herpesvirus 1

Question 33

A young man goes to a clinic complaining of discomfort in his foot, especially when standing. Upon examination, the clinician observes raised bumps with rough surfaces on the sole of his foot. These lesions are consistent with

A) shingles.
B) molluscum contagiosum.
C) erythema infectiosum.
D) warts.
E) whitlow.

Question 34

Which of the following increases the risk of permanent liver damage with hepatitis B infection?

A) coinfection with HHV- 6
B) coinfection with human herpesvirus 4
C) coinfection with hepatitis D virus
D) coinfection with human herpesvirus 4 and hepatitis D virus
E) coinfection with hepatitis D virus and HHV- 6

Question 35

What is the most prevalent viral infection seen in neonates?

A) varicella- zoster virus
B) cytomegalovirus
C) human herpesvirus 2
D) human herpesvirus 1
E) human herpesvirus 4 (EBV)

Question 36

Which of the following families of DNA viruses is the most prevalent in humans?

A) Poxviridae
B) Rhinoviridae
C) Herpesviridae
D) Adenoviridae
E) Polyomaviridae

Question 37

A blood sample showing neutropenia and large B lymphocytes with atypical nuclei is characteristic of infection with

A) Epstein- Barr virus (EBV).
B) human parvivirus.
C) human papillomavirus (HPV).
D) hepatitis B virus (HBV).
E) cytomegalovirus (CMV).

Question 38

What is unique about the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses?

A) They contain single- stranded DNA.
B) They contain double- stranded RNA.
C) They contain RNA.
D) They contain double- stranded DNA.
E) They contain both single- stranded DNA and double- stranded DNA.

Question 39

Which of the following characteristics are common to Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, and Hepadnaviridae?

A) double- stranded DNA in the virion
B) the presence of an envelope
C) a complex capsid
D) double- stranded DNA in the virion with a complex capsid
E) double- stranded DNA in the virion and the presence of an envelope

Question 40

Which of the following viruses is responsible for erythema infectiosum?

A) human herpesvirus 1
B) varicella
C) human herpesvirus 4
D) B19 virus
E) adenoviruses

Question 41

Hepatitis B virus replicates in liver cells and is released by (exocytosis/lysis), which contributes to the infection becoming chronic.

Question 42

What cell type can the Simplexviruses infect latently?

A) T cells
B) multiple cell types
C) B cells
D) neurons
E) epithelial cells

Question 43

Painful, blister- like lesions that progressively become filled with pus suggest infection with a(n) (herpesvirus/poxvirus).

Question 44

The disease caused by B19 virus, a (papilomavirus/parvovirus/polyomavirus), is known as erythema infectiosum and produces a distinctive rash.

Question 45

Immunization with (chickenpox/cowpox/monkeypox) will provide protection against smallpox.

Question 46

The condition in which athletes develop herpes lesions on their skin as a result of coming in contact with herpes lesions during wrestling is known as herpes (gladiatorum/whitlow/zoster).

Question 47

Individuals who have had chickenpox may develop (cancer/shingles/whitlows) later in life if they experience severe stress or immune suppression.

Question 48

Which of the following is the only DNA virus that can cause viral hepatitis?

A) hepatitis A virus
B) hepatitis B virus
C) hepatitis C virus
D) hepatitis D virus
E) hepatitis E virus

Question 49

The search for cancer- causing viruses led scientists to discover a group of viruses called (papillomaviruses/parvoviruses/polyomaviruses) that are capable of causing several different types of tumors in humans.

Question 50

Papillomaviruses are transmitted by (aerosols/direct contact/secretions).

Question 51

In infections with human herpesvirus (1/2/3/4), the virus becomes latent in B lymphocytes and suppresses apoptosis, thus providing one source of lymphomas associated with this virus.

Question 52

The common name for the disease caused by human parvovirus B19 is

A) shingles.
B) fifth disease.
C) fourth disease.
D) Reyes' syndrome.
E) kissing disease.

Question 53

Skin lesions described as "dewdrops on rose petals" are characteristic of (chickenpox/shingles).

Question 54

Cytomegalovirus can be (chronic/oncogenic/teratogenic) if it infects fetal stem cells.

Question 55

Which of the following statements regarding the association of hepatitis B with liver cancer is FALSE?

A) Hepatic cancer cells typically express HBV antigen.
B) Chronic carriers of the virus are 200 times more likely to develop hepatic cancer.
C) Vaccination does not provide protection against the development of hepatic cancer.
D) Geographic areas with a high incidence of liver cancer also have a high prevalence of hepatitis B.
E) The HBV genome has been found integrated into hepatic cancer cells.

Question 56

Human herpesvirus (1/2/3/4) is usually associated with lesions on the genitalia.

Question 57

An inflamed blister on the finger caused by either HHV- 1 or HHV- 2 is known as a (blister/wart/whitlow).

Question 58

Which of the following human herpesvirus infections is associated with a 30- 80% fatality rate?

A) genital herpes
B) whitlow
C) ocular herpes
D) oral herpes
E) neonatal herpes

Question 59

The cauliflower- like growths on the genitalia called condylomata acuminata are caused by (herpesviruses/papillomaviruses/parvoviruses).

Question 60

The autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis may result from infection with human herpesvirus (3/4/6/8).

Question 61

A child is suffering from a fever and has reddish cheeks, arms, and thighs. The rash intensifies upon exposure to the sun. What is the likely infectious agent?

Question 62

Human herpesvirus 4 (EBV) has been implicated as an etiological agent in some cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Question 63

Human herpesviruses have been designated by combining HHV (human herpesvirus) with numbers corresponding to the severity of the diseases they cause.

Question 64

A four- year- old with a history of cold symptoms for two days visits the doctor. On examination, the doctor notices "dewdrops on a rose petal" lesions over the child's back. From what is the child suffering? What are the potential long- term consequences of this infection?

Question 65

Nearly everyone appears to be infected with polyomaviruses BK and JC by the age of 15.

Question 66

The first documented human disease to be eradicated was smallpox.

Question 67

B has been HIV positive for several years. Recently B began to experience some disturbing symptoms. B has begun to have problems with vision and motor control. Clinical tests indicate B's immune function is declining. What other viruses besides HIV might be causing B's problems? How might this be verified?

Question 68

Adenoviruses are so named because they infect only adenoid cells in humans.

Question 69

Erythema infectiosum is a dangerous but treatable disease.

Question 70

For protection from infection with genital herpes, condoms need to be used only when there is an active lesion.

Question 71

A patient is brought into the ER in a coma. Upon inspection, the physician sees evidence of many new tattoos, as well as yellowing of the skin and eyes. What is the most likely cause of the patient's condition?

Question 72

As the name implies, polyomaviruses are common causes of viral cancers in humans.

Question 73

Compare and contrast the oncogenic viruses human herpesvirus 4 (Epstein- Barr virus) and hepatitis B virus (HBV).

Question 74

The cytomegalovirus may be teratogenic if the virus infects stem cells in an embryo or fetus.

Question 75

Contact with a minute quantity of blood is sufficient for infection with hepatitis B virus.