Deck 15: Life Cycle Nutrition: Toddlers Through the Later Years

Question 1

Which of the following terms describes an unwillingness to eat unfamiliar food?

A) picky eating
B) disordered eating
C) food jags
D) food insecurity

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not a recommendation for preventing cancer?

A) Limit the intake of salt in the diet.
B) Completely eliminate all alcohol consumption.
C) Eat less red meat and avoid processed meats.
D) Achieve and maintain a healthy weight beginning in the teen years.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following substances is sometimes taken to treat the common cold?

A) fish oil
B) black cohosh
C) garlic
D) Echinacea

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A preschool child is defined as being

A) 3 to 5 years old.
B) 1 to 3 years old.
C) 6 to 9 months old.
D) 9 to 12 months old.

Question 5

The number of individuals 65 years of age and older is projected to in the next few decades.

A) decrease dramatically
B) increase
C) decrease slightly
D) stay the same

Question 6

As of 2012, what percentage of children aged 6 to 11 were obese in the United States?

A) 15
B) 18
C) 5
D) 10

Question 7

Which of the following nutrients is of special concern in the diets of young children?

A) calcium
B) vitamin D
C) iron
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following substances is sometimes taken to lower blood pressure?

A) garlic
B) fish oil
C) Echinacea
D) black cohosh

Question 9

Which of the following substances is sometimes taken to lower blood cholesterol levels?

A) fish oil
B) Echinacea
C) black cohosh
D) garlic

Question 10

Which of the following terms describes the onset of menstruation?

A) menarche
B) puberty
C) adolescence
D) menopause

Question 11

Which of the following statements correctly describes an important role of zinc in the body?

A) It is important for regulating HDL levels.
B) It lowers homocysteine levels.
C) It promotes a healthy immune system.
D) It promotes strong bones and teeth.

Question 12

The requirement for vitamin D increases with age because

A) the kidneys lose their ability to convert it to the active form.
B) the intestines lose their ability to absorb it.
C) the skin's ability to make it from sunlight decreases.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 13

Toddlers should consume _ milligrams of calcium per day.

A) 700
B) 600
C) 800
D) 400

Question 14

Older adults might need a B12 supplement because

A) their stomach produces less hydrochloric acid.
B) they are at higher risk of osteoporosis.
C) they drink more fluids and excrete more dilute urine.
D) they don't eat dairy products as often as they should.

Question 15

Medications to treat ADHD often lead to

A) obesity.
B) decreased appetite and weight loss.
C) rickets.
D) iron deficiency.

Question 16

Which of the following substances is sometimes taken to reduce depression?

A) black cohosh
B) St. John's wort
C) garlic
D) Echinacea

Question 17

Which of the following statements about picky eating is false?

A) Parents of children who are picky eaters should continue to offer foods the children previously rejected.
B) Picky eating often occurs because children are poor self- regulators concerning food.
C) A major contributor to picky eating among children is their parents' eating behaviors.
D) Picky eating is an unwillingness to try unfamiliar foods.

Question 18

Which of the following substances is sometimes taken to reduce hot flashes?

A) Echinacea
B) garlic
C) black cohosh
D) fish oil

Question 19

Which of the following terms describes eating only the same food meal after meal?

A) food insecurity
B) picky eating
C) disordered eating
D) food jags

Question 20

Which of the following terms describes meals available to older adults at specified sites in the community?

A) Meals on Wheels
B) communal meals
C) disordered eating
D) congregate meals

Question 21

Menarche is

A) another term for a broken bone.
B) a child's first cavity.
C) the eruption of wisdom teeth.
D) a girl's first menstrual period.

Question 22

Which of the following statements about nutrition in older adults (as compared to younger people) is true?

A) They need fewer calories.
B) They need fewer nutrients.
C) Their calorie needs remain the same.
D) They need more calories.

Question 23

The National School Lunch Program is designed to meet nutrition standards based on the latest

A) version of the ChooseMyPlate.gov.
B) version of the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines.
C) edition of Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
D) edition of Take Charge of Your Health: A Guide for Teenagers.

Question 24

Which of the following statements about bone growth is incorrect?

A) In long bones, the epiphyseal plate is located in the middle of the bone's shaft.
B) Peak bone mass may not be reached until age 30.
C) In long bones, most bone growth occurs in the epiphyseal plate.
D) During adolescence, inadequate consumption of calcium and vitamin D can result in low peak bone mass.

Question 25

Which of the following foods is considered safe for young children?

A) peanuts
B) string cheese
C) whole grapes
D) banana slices

Question 26

The average yearly weight gain for children 2 years and older is

A) 4.5- 6.5 pounds.
B) 2.5- 3.5 pounds.
C) 3- 5 pounds.
D) 6- 8 pounds.

Question 27

Moderately active toddlers aged 2 to 3 need approximately calories per day.

A) 1,000 to 1,400
B) 2,000
C) 500 to 800
D) 400 to 600

Question 28

Which of the following statements about feeding children is false?

A) Foods presented to children should be nutrient dense.
B) Children should sit down while eating.
C) While eating solid food, toddlers and other young children should closely supervised.
D) Children should be encouraged to eat three substantial meals each day.

Question 29

A toddler is defined as being

A) 6 to 9 months old.
B) 2 to 5 years old.
C) 9 to 12 months old.
D) 1 to 3 years old.

Question 30

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, whole grapes and dried fruit should be avoided by toddlers and preschoolers because those foods

A) are too high in sugar.
B) present choking hazards.
C) can lead to type 1 diabetes.
D) are not sufficiently calorie rich.

Question 31

Which of the following chemicals in foods have an anti- inflammatory effect that may help reduce the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?

A) carotene in carrots
B) omega- 3 fatty acids in seafood
C) phytochemicals in cooked vegetables
D) triglycerides in peanut oil

Question 32

Which of the following statements about the reasons a person's metabolic rate naturally declines with age is correct?

A) In older people bone mass remains the same.
B) Older people tend to get less physical activity each day.
C) Older people eat less food.
D) Older people naturally gain muscle mass.

Question 33

Filling up with which of the following foods can result in iron deficiency?

A) milk
B) lean meats
C) breakfast cereal
D) chicken

Question 34

What is the estimated percentage of girls aged 12 to 19 who have an iron deficiency or iron- deficiency anemia?

A) 8 percent
B) 18 percent
C) 6 percent
D) 9 percent

Question 35

Too much preformed vitamin A in older adults may increase the risk of

A) diabetes.
B) osteoporosis.
C) kidney disease.
D) heart disease.

Question 36

Which of the following statements concerning Alzheimer's disease is false?

A) Eliminating alcoholic beverages may reduce the risk of developing the condition.
B) A nutritious diet and regular physical activity may reduce the risk of developing the condition.
C) Engaging in certain types of mentally stimulating activities may reduce the risk of developing the condition.
D) Maintaining the level of social engagement may reduce the risk of developing the condition.

Question 37

Because screen time contributes to decreased physical activity, children should be limited to watching TV and movies and playing video and computer games for no more than hour(s) a day.

A) 3- 4
B) 1- 2
C) 2- 3
D) 0- 1

Question 38

Which of the following statements regarding the frequency of meals for toddlers and preschoolers is correct?

A) They should eat breakfast and dinner only.
B) They should eat only protein- rich snacks throughout the day.
C) They should eat three "square" meals daily.
D) They should eat small portions provided in meals and snacks throughout the day.

Question 39

It is suggested that adults over the age of 65 engage in minutes of vigorous- intensity aerobic physical activity a week.

A) 30
B) 150
C) 75
D) 125

Question 40

Which of the following structures is the site at which most bone growth occurs in adolescents?

A) erysipelas plate
B) epileptic plate
C) epiphyseal plate
D) arrhythmia plate

Question 41

Adolescence is the stage of the life cycle that occurs between ages 6 and 21.

Question 42

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 recommends that everyone over the age of 50 reduce their daily sodium intake to 1,200 milligrams or less.

Question 43

Parents should offer their children meals and snacks that contain small portions of protein- rich foods, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Question 44

The USDA reimburses schools for breakfast and lunch meals if they adhere to strict nutritional guidelines.

Question 45

Meals served at churches, synagogues, or other community sites are called conjugal meals.

Question 46

The majority of older Americans are eating the healthiest diet possible.

Question 47

Soda and sports beverages are sources of empty calories and for the most part should be avoided by teens.

Question 48

Rheumatoid arthritis is the correct term for osteoarthritis when it first develops in older people.

Question 49

The mineral zinc is important for a healthy immune system.

Question 50

Inadequate intakes of calcium and vitamin D during adolescence can increase the risk of fractures in later life.

Question 51

Soft drinks too often replace milk in the diet of adolescents.

Question 52

A high- fiber diet can prevent constipation in people of all ages.

Question 53

One possible result of sodium deficiency in older adults is a suppressed immune system.

Question 54

Compared to the first year of life, a baby's growth slows in the second year.

Question 55

The chronic lack of sufficient resources to nutritiously feed oneself is known as food insecurity.

Question 56

Iron deficiency is a bigger problem among adolescent boys than among adolescent girls.

Question 57

Iron deficiency is uncommon among adult men.

Question 58

Large portion sizes at restaurants can be partly blamed for the growing obesity problem.

Question 59

Heavy drinking can worsen depression, which can lead to more drinking.

Question 60

Children should be encouraged to stop eating when they are full.

Question 61

An estimated one- third of cancer cases in the United States are related to being overweight or obese, physically inactive, and/or having a poor diet.

Question 62

Fiber is not an especially important nutrient in a young child's diet.

Question 63

Young children need the mineral iron to build healthy bones.

Question 64

Omega- 3 fatty acids may reduce the stiffness and joint tenderness characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 65

Children and teens require at least 30 minutes of physical activity every day.

Question 66

Obesity has tripled in adolescents over the past three decades.

Question 67

As they age, older adults need fewer calories and more nutrient- rich foods.

Question 68

Astragalus is purported to reduce hot flashes in women.

Question 69

Picky eating is when children will only eat the same food, meal after meal.

Question 70

The skin's ability to make vitamin D from sunlight does not decrease with aging.

Question 71

Vitamin E neutralizes free radicals and may prevent cancer from spreading to nearby tissues.

Question 72

As adults age, their metabolic rate typically increases.

Question 73

Due to the production of less stomach acid as a person ages, absorption of vitamin B12 may be impaired.

Question 74

Older people can be at greater risk for dehydration because their thirst mechanism can be blunted.

Question 75

Retinoids (vitamin

A), vitamin D, and folate can stop the development of cancer by inhibiting the progression of damaged cells.

Question 76

It is important to feed toddlers small, frequent, and nutrient- rich meals.

Question 77

Inflammation of the joints resulting from constant friction between the bones due to cartilage depletion is known as rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 78

The skin's ability to make vitamin D from sunlight decreases with age.

Question 79

Inadequate fluid intake can lead to constipation in older adults.

Question 80

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia.