Deck 4: The Cell: Anatomy and Division

Question 1

The nucleus, plasma membrane and are the three major regions of cells that can readily be seen with a light microscope.

A)cytosol
B)cell fluid
C)organelles
D)cytoplasm

Answer 1

D

Question 2

This organelle is particularly important during cell division. It directs the formation of the mitotic spindle.

A)endoplasmic reticulum
B)mitochondrion
C)centriole
D)microtubule

Answer 2

C

Question 3

carry out specific functions inside cells, whereas _ store glycogen, lipids, pigments, and other substances.

A)Organelles, inclusions
B)Inclusions, mitochondria
C)Genes, the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum
D)Flattened sacs and vesicles, organelles

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Ribosomes/ribosomal subunits are found .

A)attached to the Golgi apparatus
B)inside mitochondria
C)free in the cytoplasm
D)associated with the coiled DNA of chromosomes

Question 5

The division of human cells consists of a series of events, collectively called _, or nuclear division, and _, or division of the cytoplasm.

A)meiosis, mitosis
B)mitosis, cytokinesis
C)prophase, telophase
D)mitosis, interphase

Question 6

During _, the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.

A)prophase
B)anaphase
C)metaphase
D)telophase

Question 7

You are observing a slide that contains cells undergoing cell division, and you have focused on a cell that has darkly staining X- shaped chromosomes that appear loose throughout the cell. You cannot see a nuclear envelope. This cell is in .

A)interphase
B)anaphase
C)telophase
D)prophase

Question 8

Which of the following is not considered to be a cytoskeletal element?

A)centrioles
B)microtubules
C)microfilaments
D)intermediate filaments

Question 9

Only one human cell has a flagellum. This specialization allows the cell to propel itself forward. It is a .

A)sperm cell
B)smooth muscle cell
C)red blood cell
D)simple squamous epithelial cell

Question 10

These small bodies are found inside the nucleus of the cell. Made of proteins and RNA, these structures assemble ribosomes. They are .

A)nucleoli
B)nucleos
C)nuclear poroses
D)nuclear envelopes

Question 11

This organelle stores and transports proteins, and synthesizes phospholipids and cholesterol.

A)centriole
B)mitochondrion
C)microtubule
D)rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

This organelle digests other worn- out organelles and foreign substances that have entered the cell.

A)peroxisome
B)lysosome
C)endoplasmic reticulum
D)Golgi apparatus

Question 13

are membranous sacs that detoxify harmful chemicals.

A)Peroxisomes
B)Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C)Lysosomes

Question 14

It is useful to study a "generalized" ("composite")cell because _.

A)many body cells have common structural features and common essential functions
B)it is easy to illustrate
C)all cells of the body have a structure similar to a composite cell

Question 15

The plasma membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and keeps undesirable substances out of the cell. It also allows wastes to pass out of the cell and keeps valuable cell proteins inside the cell. This property is called .

A)impermeability
B)resistive permeability
C)checking and balancing
D)selective permeability

Question 16

Name the rod- shaped organelles that have a double- membrane wall and that oxidize foodstuffs to make ATP.

A)rough endoplasmic reticulum
B)mitochondria
C)lysosomes
D)ribosomes

Question 17

During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.

A)telophase
B)anaphase
C)prophase
D)metaphase

Question 18

What event immediately precedes anaphase?

A)DNA replicates.
B)Chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell.
C)The mitotic spindle forms.
D)The nuclear envelope forms around chromatin.

Question 19

Common functions of almost all cells include .

A)digesting nutrients and disposing of wastes
B)moving on their own power through passageways of the body
C)transporting oxygen
D)active contracting

Question 20

The small size and biconcave shape of this cell gives it flexibility and allows its easy passage through small channels. It is a .

A)red blood cell
B)smooth muscle cell
C)simple squamous epithelial cell
D)sperm cell

Question 21

The nucleus of the cell contains its genes, which are sections of .

A)DNA
B)TNA
C)DRA
D)RNA

Question 22

In which phase(s)of mitosis do the chromosomes contain a single copy of DNA?

A)prophase
B)prophase and metaphase
C)telophase and anaphase
D)metaphase

Question 23

Which of the following organelles transport substances throughout cell cytoplasm?

A)Golgi apparatus and mitochondria
B)endoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeletal elements
C)lysosomes and peroxisomes
D)ribosomes and nucleoli

Question 24

From the time it is formed until it reproduces, the cell undergoes growth and carries out its functions in the body. What is the name for this portion of the cell's life cycle?

A)life phase
B)growth and development
C)functional phase
D)interphase

Question 25

The end product of cell division by mitosis is .

A)2 daughter cells that have different genes
B)4 genetically identical daughter cells
C)4 daughter cells, each with unique genes
D)2 genetically identical daughter cells

Question 26

This membranous organelle resembles a stack of flattened sacs with big rounded ends and associated vesicles.

A)Golgi apparatus
B)rough endoplasmic reticulum
C)smooth endoplasmic reticulum