Deck 27: Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Glands

Question 1

Growth hormone and prolactin are produced by these anterior pituitary cells.

A)basophil cells
B)chromophobes
C)acidophil cells
D)pituicytes

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The gonads include the following glands: .

A)testes only
B)ovaries only
C)both ovaries and testes
D)ovaries, testes, and pituitary

Answer 2

C

Question 3

This gland produces the hormone calcitonin.

A)parathyroid
B)thyroid
C)pancreas
D)pituitary

Answer 3

B

Question 4

This hormone stimulates uterine contractions during birth and causes milk ejection in the lactating mother.

A)prolactin
B)gonadocorticoids
C)melatonin
D)oxytocin

Question 5

Which cells of the pancreas produce insulin?

A)beta cells
B)alpha cells
C)chief cells
D)acinar cells

Question 6

The function of this hormone is to stimulate growth, particularly of long bones and muscle.

A)thyroid hormone
B)calcitonin
C)thymosins
D)growth hormone

Question 7

This hormone is the major controller of blood calcium on a day- to- day basis.

A)calcitriol
B)renal caltrate
C)parathyroid hormone
D)calcitonin

Question 8

These hormones pass through the hypophyseal portal system to act on cells of the anterior pituitary gland.

A)growth hormone and prolactin
B)FSH and LH
C)releasing or inhibiting hormones
D)tropic hormones

Question 9

Which hormones are produced by the parathyroid gland?

A)calcitonin and PTH
B)calcitonin and calcitriol
C)T₃ and T₄ D)only PTH

Question 10

Hormones released from this gland include ADH and oxytocin.

A)pineal
B)anterior pituitary
C)hypothalamus
D)posterior pituitary

Question 11

Hyposecretion of insulin, or a deficiency in insulin receptors leads to .

A)diabetes mellitus
B)tetany
C)hypoglycemia
D)hirsutism

Question 12

Hypersecretion of results in increased urinary output and dehydration.

A)adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B)atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
C)antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D)mineralocorticoids

Question 13

This endocrine gland sits atop the kidneys. It's inner most portion releases the hormone epinephrine.

A)thymus
B)pancreas
C)thyroid
D)adrenal

Question 14

This endocrine gland lies outside the body cavities. It produces sex hormones.

A)pituitary
B)adrenal
C)testis
D)ovary

Question 15

Hypersecretion of this hormone results in loss of calcium from the bones, and softening and spontaneous fractures of the bones.

A)growth hormone
B)gonadocorticoids
C)insulin
D)parathyroid hormone

Question 16

What gland makes growth hormone?

A)adrenal
B)pituitary
C)thyroid
D)pancreas

Question 17

These hormones are produced in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. They help the body resist long- term stressors.

A)glucocorticoids
B)gonadocorticoids
C)mineralocorticoids

Question 18

The adrenal cortex produces the hormones .

A)cortisol
B)androgens
C)aldosterone, cortisol, and androgens
D)aldosterone

Question 19

In addition to endocrine glands, some organs whose functions are primarily nonendocrine also produce hormones. These endocrine tissues include and .

A)parathyroids and skin
B)heart and kidneys
C)gastrointestinal tract and adrenals
D)adipose tissue and sweat glands

Question 20

The hormone glucagon .

A)stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen or fat for storage
B)raises blood glucose, accelerates transport of glucose into body cells, and stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen or fat for storage
C)raises blood glucose
D)accelerates transport of glucose into body cells

Question 21

Axon potentials from hypothalamic neurons cause the release of this hormone.

A)growth hormone (GH)
B)prolactin
C)luteinizing hormone (LH)
D)oxytocin

Question 22

This gland is located in the cranial cavity and produces the hormone melatonin.

A)pineal
B)pituitary
C)hypothalamus
D)choroid plexus

Question 23

Tropic hormones from the anterior pituitary include .

A)LH, FSH, ACTH, and TSH
B)FSH, LH, and prolactin
C)ACTH and GH
D)TSH and prolactin

Question 24

Connected by a stalk called the infundibulum, this region of the brain is intimately associated with the pituitary gland and its hormones.

A)hypothalamus
B)thalamus
C)mammillary body
D)pineal gland

Question 25

This adrenal cortex hormone is involved in regulation of salt and water balance.

A)aldosterone
B)androgens
C)cortisol
D)antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 26

This hormone causes the release of another hormone.

A)melatonin
B)parathyroid hormone (PTH)
C)prolactin
D)thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 27

Blood born factors (e.g. ions, glucose, amino acids)cause the release of all of these hormones except .

A)insulin
B)epinephrine
C)calcitonin
D)parathyroid hormone (PTH)