Deck 25: Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium

Question 1

Besides visual input, what other sensations contribute to the sense of equilibrium?

A)sound detected in the cochlea
B)strong leg muscles
C)mental activities, such as counting backwards
D)proprioceptors detecting information about neck muscles

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following might cause sensorineural deafness?

A)fusion of the auditory ossicles
B)listening to very loud music on a daily basis
C)rotating the head to relax neck muscles
D)excess earwax in the external auditory canal

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The bony labyrinth is part of the .

A)internal ear
B)middle ear
C)external ear

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Within the vestibular apparatus, this structure is involved in dynamic equilibrium.

A)saccule
B)the semicircular canals
C)utricle

Question 5

What test assesses the proprioceptors involved with posture?

A)Barany test
B)Rinne test
C)Romberg test
D)Weber test

Question 6

Which of the following are good tests of the equilibrium apparatus?

A)standing and simultaneously beginning a task that requires mental concentration
B)walking in a straight line placing one foot in front of the other, standing and simultaneously beginning a task that requires mental concentration, and being rotated on a chair, after which the observers look for nystagmus
C)being rotated on a chair, after which the observers look for nystagmus
D)walking in a straight line, one foot in front of the other

Question 7

Nystagmus is _.

A)trailing of eyes in one direction followed by rapid movement in the other direction
B)maintaining the eyes in a fixed forward direction during rotation
C)a sensation of dizziness and rotational movement when such movement is not occurring

Question 8

Sound waves pass through this canal on their way toward the eardrum.

A)external acoustic meatus
B)cochlear duct
C)auditory tube
D)semicircular canal

Question 9

The cochlear duct (scala media)contains .

A)otolymph
B)epilymph
C)endolymph
D)perilymph

Question 10

Pressure waves passing through the perilymph of the cochlea compress the vestibular membrane, and ultimately displace the basilar membrane. What is true of these waves?

A)High frequency waves (high notes)depress the basilar membrane midway along its length.
B)High frequency waves (high notes)depress the basilar membrane closest to the distal end of the cochlea.
C)High frequency waves (high notes)depress the basilar membrane all along its length.
D)High frequency waves (high notes)depress the basilar membrane closest to the middle ear.

Question 11

Conduction deafness occurs when sound waves cannot reach the fluids of the inner ear. Which one of the conditions below will not cause conduction deafness?

A)damage to the ossicles
B)damage to cochlear hair cells
C)a perforated eardrum
D)inflammation of the middle ear

Question 12

Hair cells in the crista ampullaris are .

A)embedded in a gelatinous cap
B)responsive to gravitational pull
C)topped with "heavy" crystals called otoliths
D)embedded in the otolithic membrane

Question 13

The pharyngotympanic (auditory)tube connects the to the nasopharynx.

A)middle ear
B)tympanic membrane (eardrum)
C)internal ear
D)external ear

Question 14

Why is it difficult for "weightless" astronauts in space to know whether they are right side up or upside down?

A)The direction in which they are traveling changes rapidly.
B)Sunrise and sunset are no longer linked to a 24 hour day.
C)They can't see a horizon.
D)Maculae that report head position depend upon the gravitational pull on the otoliths.

Question 15

Sound localization can be tested by _ .

A)placing a tuning fork on the mastoid process
B)placing a tuning fork on the frontal bone
C)listening for the tick of a watch as the watch is held in various locations around the head
D)undergoing an audiometry test

Question 16

Which of the structures below report head acceleration to the central nervous system?

A)maculae
B)semicircular canals
C)cristae ampullares
D)vestibule

Question 17

An aging gentleman suspects that his hearing is failing. He sees a specialist who performs this test to determine the precise nature of his suspected hearing loss.

A)Rinne test
B)Weber test
C)Barany test
D)audiometry text

Question 18

The middle ear .

A)contains the actual organs of hearing (the cochlea)and equilibrium (the vestibular apparatus)
B)carries and amplifies the vibrations of sound waves across three little bones
C)conducts sound waves through a canal toward the tympanic membrane

Question 19

The hair cells that detect sound vibrations lie on the membrane.

A)vestibular
B)basilar
C)tectorial

Question 20

Tests for conduction deafness include .

A)placing tuning forks on bones of the head
B)walking a straight line with the eyes closed
C)audiometry testing

Question 21

The name of the receptor region containing hair cells involved in detecting static equilibrium is .

A)ampulla
B)macula
C)crista ampullaris
D)ampullary cupula

Question 22

Of the following tests of balance, which one demonstrates that vision is important for balance?

A)being rotated on a chair, after which the observers look for nystagmus
B)walking in a straight line, one foot in front of the other
C)standing and simultaneously beginning a task that requires mental concentration

Question 23

The receptor cells for hearing lie within the _ in the .

A)cochlear duct (scala media); spiral organ
B)scala vestibuli; semicircular canal
C)scala tympani; spiral organ
D)cochlear duct (scala media); utricle

Question 24

What is true of both the mechanism of hearing and the mechanism of equilibrium?

A)Both require the movement of fluid, and both require vibrations.
B)Both mechanisms require vibrations.
C)Sound waves (hearing)and head location/movements in space (equilibrium)are both detected by hair receptor cells that are neurons.
D)Both require the movement of fluid.