Deck 14: Ethics, Justice, and Fair Treatment in Hr Management

Question 1

Which component of organizational justice refers to the fairness of a process?

A)distributive justice
B)procedural justice
C)interpersonal justice
D)normative justice
E)interactional justice

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The interactional justice component of organizational justice refers to the .

A)fairness of the process used to arrive at a decision
B)the extent to which a decision is good or bad
C)manner in which managers conduct their interpersonal dealings with employees
D)the extent to which a decision is right or wrong
E)fairness of a decision's result

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Johnson & Johnson has a corporate ethics code that states "We believe our first responsibility is to the doctors, nurses and patients, to mothers and fathers and all others who use our products and services." This is an example of .

A)providing physical support
B)using stories
C)organizing ceremonies
D)clarifying expectations
E)using symbols

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is a normative statement?

A)"Employees are eligible to receive benefits after a 60 day period."
B)"Our company offers health insurance for employees and their families."
C)"The company's revenue in 2003 was approximately $1.2 billion."
D)"The benefits offered by the company are exceptional compared to competing companies."
E)"Sam is wearing a business suit for today's meeting."

Question 5

The distributive justice component of organizational justice refers to the .

A)the extent to which a decision is good or bad
B)the degree to which managers treat employees with dignity as opposed to abuse or disrespect
C)fairness of the process used to arrive at a decision
D)manner in which managers conduct their interpersonal dealings with employees
E)fairness of a decision's result

Question 6

Which of the following is not a component of organizational justice?

A)normative justice
B)interpersonal justice
C)distributive justice
D)interactional justice
E)procedural justice

Question 7

Federal Express employees have heard of a lower-level employee who rented a helicopter to fly to a downed telephone line during a severe snowstorm in order to fix the line so calls could get through to Federal Express. This is an example of to encourage empowerment among employees.

A)providing physical support
B)using stories
C)organizing ceremonies
D)clarifying expectations
E)using symbols

Question 8

Which component of organizational justice refers to the manner in which managers conduct their interpersonal dealings with employees?

A)normative justice
B)interactional justice
C)morality
D)procedural justice
E)distributive justice

Question 9

Which of the following reasons is reported as causing ethical lapses in judgment among employees?

A)meeting scheduling pressures
B)meeting overly aggressive financial or business objectives
C)greed
D)meeting personal financial obligations
E)both A and B

Question 10

Which component of organizational justice refers to the fairness and justice of a decision's result?

A)distributive justice
B)interactional justice
C)normative justice
D)interpersonal justice
E)procedural justice

Question 11

Organizational culture refers to the .

A)standards used by the organization to decide upon proper conduct
B)basic beliefs about what is right or wrong
C)principles of conduct governing an individual or group
D)characteristic values, traditions, and behaviors a company's employees share
E)standards of behavior accepted by society

Question 12

The principles of conduct governing an individual or a group are referred to as .

A)norms
B)morals
C)ethics
D)laws
E)judgments

Question 13

A value refers to .

A)characteristic values, traditions, and behaviors a company's employees share
B)standards of behavior accepted by society
C)standards used by the organization to decide upon proper conduct
D)a basic belief about what is right or wrong
E)principles of conduct governing an individual or group

Question 14

Morality refers to the .

A)characteristic values, traditions, and behaviors a company's employees share
B)principles of conduct governing an individual or group
C)standards of behavior accepted by society
D)basic beliefs about what is right or wrong
E)standards used by the organization to decide upon proper conduct

Question 15

The procedural justice component of organizational justice refers to the .

A)fairness of a decision's result
B)the degree to which managers treat employees with dignity as opposed to abuse or disrespect
C)fairness of the process used to arrive at a decision
D)manner in which managers conduct their interpersonal dealings with employees
E)the extent to which a decision is good or bad

Question 16

Ethics refers to the .

A)standards of behavior accepted by society
B)principles of conduct governing an individual or group
C)characteristic values, traditions, and behaviors a company's employees share
D)standards used by the organization to decide upon proper conduct
E)basic beliefs about what is right or wrong

Question 17

is the characteristic values, traditions, and behaviors a company's employees share.

A)Organizational ethics
B)Organizational climate
C)Organizational justice
D)Organizational culture
E)National culture

Question 18

When someone concludes that something is good or bad, right or wrong, a(n)has been made.

A)distributive assessment
B)normative judgment
C)affective attitude judgment
D)moral assessment
E)non-normative statement

Question 19

Normative judgment refers to the .

A)characteristic values, traditions, and behaviors a company's employees share
B)standards of behavior accepted by society
C)assessment of whether something is good or bad
D)principles of conduct governing an individual or group
E)standards used by the organization to decide upon proper conduct

Question 20

The CEO of Southwest Airlines can sometimes be seen helping out at a gate, handling luggage, and assisting cabin attendants while in flight. This is an example of to create and sustain the company's culture.

A)providing physical support
B)using stories
C)organizing ceremonies
D)clarifying expectations
E)using signs and symbols

Question 21

When an employer informs everyone of the standards for judging performance and the penalties for failure up front, the employer is enhancing the perceived fairness of the situation via .

A)expectation clarity
B)explanation
C)friendliness
D)reason
E)engagement

Question 22

Which of the following exceptions is not responsible for eroding the strength of the "terminate at will" doctrine?

A)public policy exception
B)implied contract exception
C)public relations exception
D)covenant of good faith exception
E)all of the above have eroded the doctrine's strength

Question 23

Under which of the following circumstances would an interview used for selection purposes be perceived as unfair?

A)Two-way communication is used.
B)A personality test is administered.
C)Applicant is given an opportunity to display skills.
D)Feedback is provided.
E)all of the above suggest a fair interview

Question 24

The most drastic step a manager can take in response to an employee offense is .

A)time off without pay
B)dismissal
C)warning documented in employee file
D)oral warning
E)written warning

Question 25

Capital One welcomes new employees on a designated day with balloons, parties, and pep rallies. This is an example of .

A)providing physical support
B)using stories
C)organizing ceremonies
D)clarifying expectations
E)using symbols

Question 26

The "terminate at will" rule guiding the employment relationship has traditionally meant that .

A)an employee can resign for any reason
B)an employer can fire an employee for any reason
C)contracts do not hold any real meaning in a court battle
D)a client can end a working relationship with a service provider for any reason
E)both A and B

Question 27

The business purpose exception to the Electronic Communications Privacy Act permits .

A)employers to listen to personal employee phone calls if the calls are made on employer time
B)employers to monitor communications if they can show a legitimate business reason for doing so
C)employers to monitor employee communications if the employees have given informed consent
D)employees to access private employer documents if they have reason to suspect unethical behavior by company agents
E)all of the above

Question 28

Jane is going through her annual appraisal process. Her supervisor follows a standard appraisal form that she believes is consistently applied to all employees. However, the appraisal seems unfair to her because her supervisor is so rude and harsh. Jane has judged the appraisal process as unfair based on an assessment of .

A)equity
B)distributive justice
C)procedural justice
D)interpersonal justice
E)all of the above

Question 29

Which of the following is not one of the types of privacy violations upheld by courts?

A)disclosure of medical records
B)drug testing
C)appropriation of an employee's name for commercial purposes
D)intrusion
E)publication of private matters

Question 30

When a company rewards employees who behave ethically using the firm's incentive plan and appraisal system, they are to encourage ethical behavior.

A)providing physical support
B)using stories
C)organizing ceremonies
D)clarifying expectations
E)using symbols

Question 31

The theory that women who commit offenses that violate stereotypes regarding the proper behavior of women will be punished for both the offense and for their inappropriate sex role behavior is called the .

A)evil woman thesis
B)self-serving bias
C)gender role error
D)glass ceiling
E)fundamental attribution error

Question 32

The consent exception to the Electronic Communications Privacy Act permits .

A)employers to listen to personal employee phone calls if the calls are made on employer time
B)employers to monitor employee communications if the employees have given informed consent
C)employers to monitor communications if they can show a legitimate business reason for doing so
D)employees to access private employer documents if they have reason to suspect unethical behavior by company agents
E)all of the above

Question 33

are to an organization what laws are to society.

A)Norms
B)Morals
C)Rules
D)Codes of ethics
E)Ethics

Question 34

Under which of the following scenarios, would a formal procedure such a selection interview be considered unfair?

A)It provides an opportunity to demonstrate competence.
B)It focuses on personality issues.
C)It is used consistently.
D)It has a built-in appeal process.
E)It focuses on job-related criteria.

Question 35

When an employer ensures that everyone involved understand why and how final decisions are made, the employer is enhancing the perceived fairness of the situation via .

A)reason
B)explanation
C)engagement
D)friendliness
E)expectation clarity

Question 36

When an employer involves individuals in decisions that affect them and allows them to refute the merits of others' ideas, the employer is enhancing the perceived fairness of the situation via .

A)expectation clarity
B)reason
C)friendliness
D)engagement
E)explanation

Question 37

In which organizational document are an organization's rules and regulations usually stated?

A)incorporation papers
B)employee handbook
C)sexual harassment training guide
D)human resource policy manual
E)code of ethics

Question 38

The purpose of is to encourage employees to adhere to rules and regulations at work.

A)discipline
B)engagement
C)norms
D)ethics
E)morality

Question 39

Ethics training can be accomplished via .

A)new-hire orientation
B)policy manuals
C)annual refresher training
D)employee handbooks
E)all of the above

Question 40

Employers can facilitate two-way communication by utilizing .

A)suggestion boxes
B)hotlines
C)opinion surveys
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 41

Under the implied contract exception to the termination at will doctrine, courts have held that .

A)persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job is reason for dismissal
B)even in the absence of a written document, an implied contract existed based on representations in the employee handbook
C)discharge is wrongful when it is against an explicit, well-established law
D)insubordination is grounds for dismissal
E)employers should not fire employees without good cause

Question 42

The exception to the termination at will doctrine that would protect an employee from dismissal because employers should not fire employees without good cause is called the exception.

A)public policy
B)whistle blower
C)morality
D)covenant of good faith
E)implied contract

Question 43

The plant closing law requires that employers .

A)notify employees 60 days in advance of the plant closing
B)offer employees of 1 year or more comparable jobs elsewhere
C)provide training for new jobs for employees affected by the plant closing
D)provide a severance pay of 2 months or more
E)layoff no more than 50 people

Question 44

The exception to the termination at will doctrine that would protect an employee from dismissal because the employee handbook implied a type of employment contract is called the exception.

A)implied contract
B)covenant of good faith
C)whistle blower
D)morality
E)public policy

Question 45

What law requires that employers of 100 or more employees receive 60 days' notice before closing a facility or starting a layoff of 50 people or more?

A)COBRA
B)Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
C)Layoff Protection Act
D)Electronic Communications Privacy Act
E)ERISA

Question 46

is a systematic process by which some one who is terminated is trained and counseled in the techniques of conducting a self-appraisal and securing a job appropriate to his or her needs and talents.

A)Outplacement counseling
B)A job counseling fair
C)Outsourcing
D)Downsizing
E)An exit interview

Question 47

Lack of qualifications, one of the bases for dismissal, is defined as .

A)stealing, chronic tardiness, and flat-out disobedience
B)the persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job
C)an employee's inability to do the work assigned because the nature of the job has changed
D)the deliberate and willful violation of the employer's rules and may include stealing and insubordination
E)an employee's inability to do the assigned work despite his or her diligence

Question 48

Under the public policy exception to the termination at will doctrine, courts have held that .

A)even in the absence of a written document, an implied contract existed based on representations in the employee handbook
B)discharge is wrongful when it is against an explicit, well-established law
C)employers should not fire employees without good cause
D)insubordination is grounds for dismissal
E)persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job is reason for dismissal

Question 49

Which of the bases for dismissal is defined as the deliberate and willful violation of the employer's rules and may include stealing and insubordination?

A)whistle blowing
B)lack of qualifications for job
C)changed requirements of job
D)unsatisfactory performance
E)misconduct

Question 50

Which of the bases for dismissal is defined as the persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job?

A)unsatisfactory performance
B)whistle blowing
C)lack of qualifications for job
D)changed requirements of job
E)misconduct

Question 51

A change in requirements of the job, one of the bases for dismissal, is defined as .

A)the deliberate and willful violation of the employer's rules and may include stealing and insubordination
B)the persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job
C)an employee's inability to do the work assigned because the nature of the job has changed
D)an employee's inability to do the assigned work despite his or her diligence
E)stealing, chronic tardiness, and flat-out disobedience

Question 52

All of the following are reasonable bases for dismissal except .

A)changed requirements of job
B)whistle blowing
C)lack of qualifications for job
D)unsatisfactory performance
E)misconduct

Question 53

Unsatisfactory performance, one of the bases for dismissal, is defined as .

A)the deliberate and willful violation of the employer's rules and may include stealing and insubordination
B)an employee's inability to do the assigned work despite his or her diligence
C)an employee's inability to do the work assigned because the nature of the job has changed
D)the persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job
E)stealing, chronic tardiness, and flat-out disobedience

Question 54

Misconduct, one of the bases for dismissal, is defined as .

A)the persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job
B)mutiny
C)an employee's inability to do the work assigned because the nature of the job has changed
D)the deliberate and willful violation of the employer's rules and may include stealing and insubordination
E)an employee's inability to do the assigned work despite his or her diligence

Question 55

The exception to the termination at will doctrine that would protect an employee from dismissal because he or she refused to break the law is called the exception.

A)public policy
B)covenant of good faith
C)morality
D)whistle blower
E)implied contract

Question 56

Under the covenant of good faith exception to the termination at will doctrine, courts have held that .

A)persistent failure to perform assigned duties or to meet prescribed standards on the job is reason for dismissal
B)insubordination is grounds for dismissal
C)employers should not fire employees without good cause
D)discharge is wrongful when it is against an explicit, well-established law
E)even in the absence of a written document, an implied contract existed based on representations in the employee handbook

Question 57

When an employee's dismissal does not comply with the law or with the contractual agreement stated or implied by the firm via its employment application forms, employee manuals, or other promises, has occurred.

A)insubordination
B)wrongful discharge
C)mutiny
D)emotional hardship
E)gross misconduct

Question 58

Which of the following is not an example of employee insubordination?

A)disrespect
B)eavesdropping
C)public criticism of one's boss
D)disobedience
E)mutiny

Question 59

Which of the bases for dismissal is defined as an employee's inability to do the work assigned because the nature of the job has changed?

A)misconduct
B)unsatisfactory performance
C)lack of qualifications for job
D)whistle blowing
E)changed requirements of job

Question 60

Which of the bases for dismissal is defined as an employee's inability to do the assigned work despite his or her diligence?

A)unsatisfactory performance
B)changed requirements of job
C)whistle blowing
D)misconduct
E)lack of qualifications for job

Question 61

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires publicly traded companies to declare whether they have a code of ethical conduct and increase penalties for companies convicted of ethics violations if they have codes of conduct.

Question 62

The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act is also known as .

A)the plant closing law
B)the layoff procedure law
C)ERISA
D)COBRA
E)the privacy law

Question 63

The New York Stock Exchange recently eliminated all "reporter" jobs on the exchange but many of those employees took lower level jobs from people with less seniority. In this case, occurred.

A)stealing
B)bumping
C)procedural justice
D)downsizing
E)skipping

Question 64

Interactional justice refers to the fairness and justice of the decision's result.

Question 65

After the terrorist attacks in 2001, many companies cut back on their advertising budgets. Jeremy's advertising agency considered laying people off but instead asked everyone to take a 5% pay cut until business was back to normal. His company used the alternative to layoffs.

A)downsizing approach
B)rings of defense approach
C)voluntary time off plan
D)take vacation plan
E)voluntary reduction in pay plan

Question 66

Which alternative to layoffs involves an agreement by all employees to accept a pay cut in order to keep everyone at work?

A)voluntary time off plan
B)downsizing approach
C)voluntary reduction in pay plan
D)take vacation plan
E)rings of defense approach

Question 67

Procedural justice refers to the fairness of the process by which a decision is made.

Question 68

Distributive justice refers to the manner in which managers conduct their interpersonal dealings with employees.

Question 69

The principal cause of ethical compromises is based on organizational pressure to meet a schedule or some other objective.

Question 70

What characteristic is generally used to determine which employees will remain on the job when lay-offs occur?

A)age
B)seniority
C)gender
D)performance
E)merit

Question 71

Which of the following conditions is not required for a layoff to occur?

A)The no-work situation is expected to be short-term.
B)Management intends to recall employees when work becomes available again.
C)The no-work situation is expected to be temporary.
D)The no-work situation is expected to be permanent.
E)There is no work available.

Question 72

Ethical decisions always involve normative judgments about what is right or wrong.

Question 73

"You are wearing a business suit" is a normative statement.

Question 74

Hornblowers use procedural or legal channel to report incidents of unethical behavior to company ethics officers or to legal authorities.

Question 75

The plant closing law requires employers with or more employees to give advance notification prior to closing a facility.

A)25
B)50
C)100
D)150
E)200

Question 76

Many people in the new business development group at GRS&M feel that Blaine was promoted due to her personal friendship with the supervisor rather than a fair review of the qualified employees in the group. This attitude is the result of the employee's perceived procedural justice relative to the decision.

Question 77

Organizational factors affect whether an employee behaves ethically in addition to the employee's own ethical tendencies.

Question 78

Which of the following is true of downsizing?

A)Downsizing occurred because there was no work available.
B)Management intends to recall employees when work becomes available again.
C)The no-work situation is expected to be permanent.
D)The no-work situation is expected to be temporary.
E)The no-work situation is expected to be short-term.

Question 79

All of the following are classified as covered employment losses under the plant closing law except .

A)layoffs of more than 6 months
B)discharges for cause
C)terminations
D)reductions of more than 50% in employee work hours
E)employees affected by downsizing

Question 80

IBM protects itself from the need to layoff traditional employees by hiring a large group of contingent workers who understand that their jobs are temporary. IBM is using the alternative to layoffs.

A)voluntary time off plan
B)downsizing approach
C)rings of defense approach
D)voluntary reduction in pay plan
E)take vacation plan