Deck 9: Joints

Question 1

Figure 9.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates an articulating surface that is comprised of hyaline cartilage?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Figure 9.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates an articulation that, in addition to the pubic symphysis, becomes slightly amphiarthrotic during pregnancy?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Figure 9.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the layer of the articular capsule that is the most highly vascularized?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which of these joints would be best described as having a number of bursae, tendon sheaths, an acromion process, and a coracoid process?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 5

Figure 9.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates a ligament that connects bone to bone and is external to the joint capsule?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 6

Figure 9.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter on the diagram indicates a modified hinge joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 7

Figure 9.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the joint/articular cavity that contains a small amount of synovial fluid?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 8

Figure 9.3
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the knuckle or metacarpophalangeal joint, which is a diarthrotic joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 9

Figure 9.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates a cartilaginous, amphiarthrotic, symphysis type of joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 10

Figure 9.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates an example of an interphalangeal joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 11

Trauma at which of these joints is more likely to result in a bone fracture than a dislocation?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 12

Figure 9.3
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates a synovial, diarthrotic, saddle type of joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 13

Figure 9.1
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the fibrous layer of the articular capsule of this synovial joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 14

Figure 9.3
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates a synovial, diarthrotic, hinge type of joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 15

Figure 9.3
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the joint that is made more stable by the glenoid labrum?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 16

Which of these joints is a hinge joint, primarily involved in articulation with the ulna rather than the radius?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 17

Which of these joints utilizes the acetabulum?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 18

Figure 9.3
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the distal articulation between the radius and ulna?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 19

Which of these joints is stabilized by an iliofemoral ligament, a pubofemoral ligament, and an ischiofemoral ligament?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 20

Figure 9.2
Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the proximal articulation between the tibia and fibula and is a diarthrotic plane joint?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 21

The main function of synovial fluid is

A) cooling.
B) lubrication.
C) removing metabolic wastes.
D) nourishing bone.

Question 22

An example of a saddle-shaped synovial joint is the

A) radioulnar joint.
B) carpometacarpal of digit 1.
C) glenohumeral joint.
D) temporomandibular joint.

Question 23

Which structure(s) directly secures the humerus to the glenoid cavity?

A) the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle
B) the rotator cuff
C) the coracohumeral ligament
D) the glenohumeral ligaments

Question 24

In abduction of the fingers, the fifth finger moves medially, and the second finger moves

A) by flexing toward the palm.
B) medially.
C) anteriorly.
D) laterally.

Question 25

Articular cartilages are found both in symphyses and in

A) syndesmoses.
B) synchondroses.
C) synovial joints.
D) sutures.

Question 26

Which of these joints is stabilized with an annular ligament?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 27

Which of these joints is one of the most freely moving joints of the body, but requires the stability provided by the rotator cuff muscles to keep it in place?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 28

Which of these joints allows for dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 29

Which of these joints is stabilized by glenohumeral ligaments?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 30

Which of these joints incorporates two bones, the first costal cartilage, and an articular disc?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) sternoclavicular joint
D) hip joint
E) ankle joint

Question 31

Which of these is not characteristic of a synchondrosis?

A) not highly movable
B) bone ends attached by collagen
C) composed of hyaline cartilage
D) absence of a joint cavity

Question 32

Which of the factors listed below contributes least to hip joint stability?

A) muscle tone
B) the deep socket
C) ligaments attached to the head of the femur
D) ligaments in the articular capsule

Question 33

The condition in which excessive amounts of synovial fluid effuse into a joint cavity is called

A) arthroplasty.
B) ankylosing spondylitis.
C) synovitis.
D) chondromalacia.

Question 34

A joint capsule (articular capsule) has two layers. The function of the capsuleʹs internal layer is to

A) produce synovial fluid.
B) strengthen the joint against tension.
C) contain all of the nerves and blood vessels of the joint.
D) act as a meniscus.

Question 35

By hyperextending a thigh at the hip joint, you could

A) squeeze both thighs together.
B) perform the same movement as circumduction.
C) hit your chin with your knee.
D) bring your knee and leg to a position posterior to the thorax.

Question 36

An example of a synarthrotic fibrous joint is the

A) interosseous membrane between the radius and the ulna.
B) intervertebral discs.
C) pubic symphysis.
D) sagittal suture.

Question 37

An example of a pivot joint is the

A) atlantoaxial joint.
B) distal tibiofibular joint.
C) suture.
D) sagittal suture.

Question 38

When the fibrous tissue of sutures ossifies, the resulting joint is called a

A) synostosis.
B) syndesmosis.
C) symphysis.
D) synchondrosis.

Question 39

What structures are most important in keeping the knee from moving medially to laterally?

A) the patellar ligament
B) the collateral ligaments
C) the oblique popliteal ligaments
D) the menisci

Question 40

Synovial joint cavities are the only important exceptions to the rule that cavities in the body are always lined with epithelia. The synovial membrane consists of

A) nervous tissue.
B) loose connective tissue.
C) muscle tissue.
D) dense irregular connective tissue.

Question 41

What type of excessive motion do anterior ligaments resist?

A) flexion
B) extension
C) abduction
D) adduction

Question 42

Which of the response pairs listed below does not correctly pair the joint category with its functional degree of mobility?

A) synchondrosis: amphiarthrosis
B) symphysis: amphiarthrosis
C) synovial: diarthrosis
D) suture: synarthrosis

Question 43

An example of an amphiarthrotic cartilaginous joint is the

A) knee joint.
B) pubic symphysis.
C) sternocostal joint.
D) epiphyseal plate.

Question 44

Capsular ligaments

A) are located outside the joint capsule.
B) are covered by synovial membrane.
C) are thickened parts of the joint capsule itself.
D) separate the synovial cavity into compartments.

Question 45

A joint between a tooth and its socket is

A) a synostosis.
B) an ankylosis.
C) a gomphosis.
D) a suture.

Question 46

The largest ball-and-socket joint in the body is the

A) hip.
B) knee.
C) shoulder.
D) interphalangeal joint.

Question 47

Cartilaginous joints

A) allow free movement.
B) are seen in sutural lines.
C) include symphyses.
D) allow movement in only one plane as a hinge.

Question 48

Of the joints listed below, the only joint with a relatively shallow or flat articular surface is the

A) ankle joint.
B) shoulder joint.
C) elbow joint.
D) hip joint.

Question 49

As an essential stage in the locking mechanism of the knee,

A) the femur rotates laterally on the tibial condyles.
B) both cruciate and collateral ligaments tighten.
C) the popliteal muscle contracts.
D) the fibula is pulled out of the way.

Question 50

An example of a diarthrotic synchondrosis

A) is the intertarsal joint.
B) is the epiphyseal plate.
C) is the knee.
D) does not exist.

Question 51

In pronation,

A) the ulna rotates, but the radius does not.
B) the forearm is laterally rotated.
C) the palm faces anteriorly.
D) the radius and ulna are crossed.

Question 52

What movement occurs when one moves the foot from the anatomical position to point the toes laterally, with the foot flat on the floor?

A) lateral rotation
B) plantar flexion
C) inversion
D) eversion

Question 53

Studentʹs elbow is an example of

A) osteoarthritis.
B) tendonitis.
C) bursitis.
D) gout.

Question 54

A chronic disorder of joints in which the articular cartilages degenerate and bony spurs form is

A) rheumatoid arthritis.
B) gout.
C) Lyme disease.
D) osteoarthritis.

Question 55

Besides helping to ʺlockʺ the knee, the posterior cruciate ligament

A) holds the patella to the tibia.
B) breaks more frequently than the anterior cruciate ligament.
C) prevents posterior sliding of the tibia when the leg is flexed at the knee.
D) prevents all medial rotation on the femoral condyles.

Question 56

Which of the following movements is not possible at the condyloid metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers 2-5?

A) adduction
B) flexion
C) circumduction
D) rotation

Question 57

The main movements occurring at the ankle joint are

A) inversion and eversion.
B) abduction and adduction.
C) supination and pronation.
D) plantar flexion and dorsiflexion.

Question 58

Articular discs are found in all of the following joints except the

A) temporomandibular.
B) tibiofemoral.
C) sternoclavicular.
D) vertebrocostal.

Question 59

An example of a multiaxial joint is

A) an intervertebral joint, between the articular processes.
B) the proximal radioulnar joint.
C) the hip.
D) the pubic symphysis.

Question 60

A condition that commonly leads to neck pain, ear problems, and pain when opening the mouth is

A) temporomandibular disorder.
B) gout.
C) osteoarthritis.
D) sutural disorders.

Question 61

Pulling your shoulders back, or squaring them, involves which motion of the scapula?

A) retraction
B) abduction
C) opposition
D) pronation

Question 62

The interosseous membrane is a type of syndesmosis.

Question 63

Synarthroses are freely movable joints.)

Question 64

By plantar flexing your feet at the ankle joints, you will

A) stand back on your heels.
B) stand on your toes.
C) stand on the medial margins of your feet.
D) turn your big toes laterally.

Question 65

The term synovial joint contains the root word ov, referring to ovum, or egg, because the synovial fluid is viscous like the white of the egg.

Question 66

Which of these statements about menisci is false?

A) They contain fibrocartilage.
B) They can divide the joint cavity.
C) They can allow two movements at a single joint.
D) They are found in all synovial joints.

Question 67

All of the following can be performed at the wrist except

A) flexion and extension of the hand.
B) circumduction of the hand.
C) abduction and adduction of the hand.
D) rotation of the hand.

Question 68

Synovial fluid is slippery because of glycoproteins that are secreted by fibroblasts located within the articular cartilage.

Question 69

Based on the definition of luxation, a subluxation must be

A) rheumatoid arthritis on one side of the body only.
B) a partially dislocated joint.
C) a mild case of Lyme disease.
D) reduction of a joint.

Question 70

One type of cartilage, fibrocartilage, characterizes all cartilaginous joints.

Question 71

The only category of articulations with a joint cavity is a

A) fibrous joint.
B) cartilaginous joint.
C) synostosis.
D) synovial joint.

Question 72

A pre-adolescent has more joints than an adult because of these immovable cartilaginous joints.

A) synovial joints
B) epiphyseal plates
C) gomphoses
D) sutures

Question 73

The lateral movement of the arms away from the body is called

A) flexion.
B) adduction.
C) abduction.
D) extension.

Question 74

A bursa differs from the synovial cavity of a joint in that it

A) contains no synovial fluid.
B) need not be attached to any bone.
C) has no synovial membrane.
D) is not involved in lubrication.

Question 75

Gliding movements occur between all these joints except

A) adjacent phalanges.
B) temporomandibular joints.
C) articular processes of vertebrae.
D) adjacent carpals.

Question 76

Tendon sheaths

A) differ from bursae in that they are not lubricating in function.
B) contain articular cartilages.
C) wrap the tendons that are crowded in the carpal tunnel.
D) surround all tendons.

Question 77

Expansion of the rib cage during inhalation is possible because the costovertebral joints are

A) synovial.
B) synchondroses.
C) biaxial.
D) amphiarthrotic.

Question 78

Synovial fluid is

A) fluid from edema.
B) identical to blood plasma.
C) an extract from the bone marrow.
D) a filtrate of the blood, with added glycoproteins.

Question 79

Biaxial joints cannot

A) abduct.
B) flex.
C) rotate.
D) adduct.

Question 80

All of these stabilizing structures provide structural support to the hip joint except the

A) ligament of the head of the femur.
B) ischiofemoral ligament.
C) iliofemoral ligament.
D) pubofemoral ligament.