Deck 8: Articulations

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a syndesmosis?

A) the coronal suture between the frontal and parietal bones
B) the interosseous membrane situated between the radius and ulna in the forearm
C) a tooth and its corresponding pocket or alveolus in the mandible or maxilla
D) the pubic symphysis located between the two pubic bones of the pelvic girdle

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Functionally, how are cartilaginous joints classified?

A) fibrous or synovial
B) amphiarthroses or diarthroses
C) synarthroses or diarthroses
D) synarthroses or amphiarthroses

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a functional joint classification?

A) synovial
B) synarthrosis
C) amphiarthrosis
D) diarthrosis

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which structural joint classification is held together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue?

A) fibrous
B) cartilaginous
C) amphiarthrosis
D) synovial

Question 5

Due to an accident on the playground, Kayleigh wears a cast to immobilize her elbow. What functional class of joint does this immobilization resemble?

A) diarthosis
B) cartilaginous
C) synarthrosis
D) amphiarthrosis

Question 6

What best describes cartilaginous joints?

A) little, if any, motion
B) presence of synovial fluid in the joint cavity
C) joint cavity
D) free range of motion

Question 7

Which of the following is a freely movable joint?

A) fibrous
B) diarthrosis
C) amphiarthrosis
D) synarthrosis

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a subclass of a fibrous joint?

A) syndesmosis
B) synchondrosis
C) suture
D) gomphosis

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a synchondrosis?

A) the pubic symphysis and the two surrounding pubic bones of the pelvic girdle
B) the coronal suture situated between the frontal bone and parietal bone
C) an intervertebral disc situated between the vertebrae of the spinal column
D) an epiphyseal plate found between the shaft (diaphysis) and the end (epiphysis) of a long bone

Question 10

What best describes the structure of a synovial joint?

A) The joint is fastened together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue.
B) Cartilage is situated between the articulating bones.
C) A fluid ^-filled cavity is found between the articulating bones.
D) No joint space separates the articulating bones.

Question 11

Which of the following is a functional joint classification?

A) synovial
B) diarthrosis
C) fibrous
D) cartilaginous

Question 12

Synchondroses unite bones with ________ while symphyses unites bones with _.

A) dense regular collagenous tissue; elastic cartilage
B) hyaline cartilage; fibrocartilage
C) fibrocartilage; hyaline cartilage
D) elastic cartilage; fibrocartilage

Question 13

Which of the following is a cartilaginous joint?

A) syndesmosis
B) synchondrosis
C) suture
D) gomphosis

Question 14

What fiber is commonly associated with fibrous joints?

A) elastic
B) keratin
C) reticular
D) collagen

Question 15

Which type of fibrous joint is found between bones of the cranium?

A) suture
B) synchondrosis
C) synovial
D) syndesmosis

Question 16

Classify these joints to the correct structural classification: sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses.

A) synovial
B) amphiarthrosis
C) fibrous
D) cartilaginous

Question 17

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to:

A) fibrocartilage.
B) dense regular collagenous connective tissue.
C) suture.
D) gomphosis.

Question 18

Determine the functional joint classification that provides the greatest mobility.

A) synarthrosis
B) amphiarthrosis
C) cartilaginous
D) diarthrosis

Question 19

Which of the following best represents the functional classifications of joints ranked from least movable to most movable?

A) synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis
B) amphiarthrosis, synarthrosis, diarthrosis
C) diarthrosis, synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis
D) synarthrosis, diarthrosis, amphiarthrosis

Question 20

Which of the following is/are classified as fibrous joints?

A) sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses
B) synchondroses and symphyses
C) diarthroses
D) synovial joints

Question 21

The anterior cruciate ligament anchors the tibia bone to:

A) a muscle.
B) a ligament.
C) a bursa.
D) another bone.

Question 22

Which movement opposes adduction?

A) abduction
B) rotation
C) flexion
D) extension

Question 23

Which of the following movements is an example of abduction?

A) moving the hand toward the shoulder
B) turning the palm of the hand upward
C) spreading the fingers apart
D) extreme bending of the head backwards

Question 24

Flexion and extension are types of:

A) gliding movements.
B) rotational movements.
C) angular movements.
D) special movements.

Question 25

Which statement best describes a bursa?

A) A bursa is a structural component of skeletal muscle composed of dense regular collagenous connective tissue.
B) A bursa is composed of hyaline cartilage that provides a smooth surface on which bones articulate.
C) A bursa connects one bone to another bone to strengthen and reinforce articulating bones.
D) A bursa is a synovial fluid ^-filled structure lined with synovial membrane on its inner surface.

Question 26

Where would a gliding movement most likely occur?

A) hip joint
B) elbow joint
C) atlantoaxial joint in the neck
D) between the intercarpal joints of the wrist

Question 27

What feature is NOT part of the synovial joint?

A) tendon sheath
B) synovial fluid
C) articular capsule
D) articular cartilage

Question 28

Articular cartilage found at the ends of long bones serves to:

A) reduce friction and absorb shock.
B) produce synovial fluid.
C) form the synovial membrane.
D) attach tendons.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a function of synovial fluid?

A) protect tendons
B) lubrication
C) shock absorption
D) provide nutrients

Question 30

What do ligaments connect together?

A) bones
B) bone and muscle
C) muscles
D) cartilage and bone

Question 31

Which of the following cartilaginous joints is found only in young, growing people?

A) epiphyseal plate
B) intervertebral disc
C) costochondral joint
D) pubic symphysis

Question 32

What type of joint allows motion around only one axis?

A) nonaxial
B) biaxial
C) multiaxial (triaxial)
D) uniaxial

Question 33

Which of the following cartilaginous joints functions primarily in protection and shock absorption of the spinal column?

A) intervertebral disc
B) pubic symphysis
C) epiphyseal plate
D) costochondral joint

Question 34

What part of the joint cavity lubricates the joint, supplies nutrients and removes metabolic wastes, and absorbs shock?

A) articular cartilage
B) adipose tissue
C) synovial fluid
D) ligament

Question 35

Which of the following is part of a synovial cavity?

A) bursa
B) synovial membrane
C) tendon
D) ligament

Question 36

What type of motion at a synovial joint does NOT involve the movement of a joint around an axis?

A) gliding
B) rotation
C) angular
D) special

Question 37

Which type of angular movement moves a body part away from the midline of the body or another reference point?

A) abduction
B) flexion
C) plantar flexion
D) adduction

Question 38

While eating, you move your forearm and hand from the plate of food toward your face. Classify the movement occurring at the elbow joint.

A) flexion
B) inversion
C) extension
D) abduction

Question 39

Articular cartilage in synovial joints is avascular. Which of the following sources nourishes the cartilage with nutrients and removes metabolic byproducts?

A) ligament
B) synovial fluid
C) adipose tissue
D) tendon

Question 40

Which statement best describes tendon sheaths?

A) Tendon sheaths connect one bone to another to strengthen and reinforce articulating bones.
B) Tendon sheaths protect long tendons as they course over and around synovial joints.
C) Tendon sheaths help anchor the tendon to the muscle.
D) Tendon sheaths are lined with dense irregular connective tissue.

Question 41

While warming up for gym class, Sheila performed a set of jumping jacks. This action involves:

A) abduction and adduction.
B) protraction and retraction.
C) opposition and reposition.
D) flexion and extension.

Question 42

What are the two articulations present in the elbow joint?

A) glenohumeral joint and the coracohumeral joint
B) tibiofemoral joint and the patellofemoral joint
C) radioulnar joint and the glenohumeral joint
D) humeroulnar joint and the humeroradial joint

Question 43

A ballerina who stands on the tips of her toes is performing:

A) eversion.
B) inversion.
C) plantar flexion.
D) dorsiflexion.

Question 44

Which type of synovial joint is the simplest and least mobile?

A) hinge joint
B) ball ^-and ^-socket joint
C) saddle joint
D) plane joint

Question 45

Where can pronation and supination occur?

A) mandible and maxilla
B) thumb or first carpometacarpal joint
C) atlantoaxial joint
D) proximal radioulnar joint of the forearm

Question 46

While walking through the parking lot to her car, Tara stepped in chewing gum. She medially rotated her foot toward the midline of the body to see the gum, performing:

A) eversion.
B) inversion.
C) opposition.
D) protraction.

Question 47

What type of joint is characterized by articulating bones with a deeper complementary fit, one with a convex surface and the other with a concave surface?

A) saddle joint
B) pivot joint
C) hinge joint
D) ball ^-and ^-socket joint

Question 48

Classify the shoulder joint.

A) biaxial joint
B) uniaxial joint
C) nonaxial joint
D) multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Question 49

What movement decreases the angle between the foot and tibia as the toes are pulled up toward the head?

A) plantar flexion
B) dorsiflexion
C) pronation
D) inversion

Question 50

Elizabeth fell down a flight of stairs. The angle between her right foot and the tibia increased as her toes were bent toward the ground. What movement do you think caused her to injure her foot?

A) abduction
B) plantar flexion
C) dorsiflexion
D) eversion

Question 51

Select the order of functional classes of synovial joints that represents the least number of axes to the most number of axes.

A) nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial (triaxial)
B) uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial (triaxial), nonaxial
C) nonaxial, uniaxial, multiaxial (triaxial), biaxial
D) nonaxial, biaxial, uniaxial, multiaxial (triaxial)

Question 52

What movement would you expect to see in a pivot joint?

A) abduction
B) rotation
C) flexion
D) opposition

Question 53

Which of the following has the greatest range of motion?

A) multiaxial (triaxial)
B) nonaxial joint
C) uniaxial joint
D) biaxial joint

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a location where a hinge joint is found?

A) interphalangeal joints of the fingers and toes
B) shoulder
C) elbow
D) knee

Question 55

Where is a condylar joint found?

A) atlantoaxial joint
B) between the first metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb and the trapezium
C) metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers 2 ^-5
D) elbow joint

Question 56

Classify the elbow, which acts like a hinge and allows motion in only one perpendicular plane.

A) biaxial joint
B) multiaxial (triaxial) joint
C) uniaxial joint
D) monoaxial joint

Question 57

Pow! A firecracker explodes close to you. Your mouth drops open in surprise, a movement known as:

A) retraction.
B) depression.
C) reposition.
D) opposition.

Question 58

What type of joint is a ball ^-and ^-socket joint?

A) biaxial joint
B) nonaxial joint
C) uniaxial joint
D) multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Question 59

The elbow and knee joints are similar in that their primary motions are:

A) flexion and extension.
B) abduction and adduction.
C) inversion and eversion.
D) rotation and circumduction.

Question 60

Identify the radial collateral ligament of the elbow.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 61

The elbow and knee are examples of ball ^-and ^-socket joints.

Question 62

In the knee joint, the medial meniscus is:

A) dense regular collagenous connective tissue.
B) hyaline cartilage.
C) fibrocartilage.
D) elastic cartilage.

Question 63

The knee joint is the most freely moving joint in the human body.

Question 64

Opposition and reposition occur only at the thumb or the first carpometacarpal joint.

Question 65

Although saddle joints are biaxial like condylar and hinge joints, they provide a greater amount of motion than either condylar or hinge joints.

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT a ligament associated with the knee joint?

A) posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
B) tibial collateral ligament
C) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
D) radial collateral ligament

Question 67

Synovial joints are different from cartilaginous and fibrous joints due to the presence of a joint (synovial) cavity.

Question 68

Which letter represents the fibular collateral ligament?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 69

Which ligament of the coxal joint supports the inferior aspect of the joint?

A) pubofemoral ligament
B) iliofemoral ligament
C) ligament of the head of the femur
D) ischiofemoral ligament

Question 70

The coxal joint is an articulation formed by:

A) the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity.
B) the head of the femur and the acetabulum.
C) the greater trochanter of the femur and the obturator foramen.
D) the head of the radius and the humerus.

Question 71

The only example of gomphoses in the body are the articulations between the teeth and the maxilla or mandible.

Question 72

Abduction is an opposing action to extension.

Question 73

Symphysis joints provide no movement and are functionally classified as synarthroses.

Question 74

What is a function of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint?

A) The ACL prevents the tibia from displacing itself posteriorly from the femur.
B) The ACL prevents the tibia from moving too far laterally on the femur.
C) The ACL prevents the tibia from moving too far medially on the femur.
D) The ACL prevents the tibia from moving too far anteriorly on the femur.

Question 75

Which joint is associated with the rotator cuff, a group of muscles and their tendons?

A) shoulder
B) knee
C) elbow
D) hip

Question 76

The shoulder and hip joints are similar because they are both:

A) hinge joints.
B) biaxial joints.
C) uniaxial joints.
D) ball ^-and ^-socket joints.

Question 77

Both synovial fluid and articular cartilage function in shock absorption and the lubrication of a synovial joint.

Question 78

Joints classifications are known as structural classifications when based on the degree of motion they allow.

Question 79

The hip is known as the:

A) humeroulnar joint.
B) coxal joint.
C) tibiofemoral joint.
D) glenohumeral joint.

Question 80

Although both the shoulder and hip are ball ^-and ^-socket joints, the hip is more stable because of its role in weight bearing and locomotion.