Deck 11: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by

A) hyperactivity.
B) compulsive eating.
C) purging, including laxatives and diuretics.
D) psychological denial of appetite.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Rachel, a female college student, goes on a restrictive diet for several weeks before her sister's wedding. After the wedding, she returns to her usual dietary pattern. Rachel should be diagnosed with an eating disorder.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Twin studies reveal that genetic factors account for more than half of the overall risk for developing an eating disorder.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What is a serious, long-term health consequence of absent or irregular menstrual periods among women of childbearing age?

A) Bone loss
B) Muscle tears
C) Esophageal bleeding
D) Dehydration

Question 5

For a person with anorexia nervosa, when is total hospitalization necessary?

A) Self-mutilation or threats of suicide
B) Missing one or more menstrual periods (for women)
C) Body weight falls below 85% of expected weight
D) Growth of lanugo

Question 6

Most cases of anorexia nervosa begin in

A) adolescence or young adulthood.
B) the preschool years.
C) middle adulthood.
D) older adulthood.

Question 7

Among children and adolescents, failure to grow as expected in height or delayed sexual maturation could be signs of eating disorders.

Question 8

Participants in which of the following sports are most likely to engage in disordered eating behaviors?

A) Wrestling
B) Cross-country
C) Ice hockey
D) Baseball

Question 9

At later stages of anorexia development, individuals with anorexia nervosa

A) never feel hungry.
B) abstain from all beverages and food.
C) eat 1200 to 1500 kilocalories per day.
D) eat 300 to 600 kilocalories per day.

Question 10

Current research indicates that eating disorders are due to

A) dysfunctional family relationships.
B) the physical changes of puberty.
C) genetic variations.
D) a combination of genetic variations and lifestyle factors.

Question 11

A common characteristic of both bulimics and anorexics is that they

A) are male.
B) were born underweight for height.
C) lack appropriate coping strategies.
D) both recognize their behavior as abnormal.

Question 12

One feature of anorexia nervosa that significantly reduces treatment success is

A) drug abuse.
B) denial of the problem.
C) rationalization of the problem.
D) high self-esteem.

Question 13

Which of the following is a physiological change often associated with anorexia nervosa?

A) Excessive sweating
B) Swollen salivary glands
C) Decreased heart rate
D) High blood pressure

Question 14

Individuals with anorexia nervosa

A) tend to be between 25 and 35 years of age.
B) tend to be adolescent and early adult girls.
C) usually acknowledge the existence of their disease.
D) see themselves as thin even though they are fat.

Question 15

Which of the following is one of the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa?

A) Extreme dietary restriction that leads to significantly low body weight
B) Body mass index below 17.5 kg/m²
C) Use of unsafe means of preventing weight gain (e.g., self-induced vomiting) at least one time per week for at least 3 months
D) Significantly low heart rate, measured on two separate occasions

Question 16

Which of the following is not an early warning sign of anorexia nervosa?

A) Withdrawing from family and friends
B) Cooking a large meal for others, but not eating it
C) Sedentary behavior, no interest in exercise
D) Becoming irritable and hostile

Question 17

Which of the following is not a trigger for anorexia?

A) Comments from significant others about being too fat
B) A job or profession that demands maintaining a certain weight or body size
C) Feeling too thin in one's clothes
D) Leaving home for college or independent living

Question 18

________ is an eating disorder characterized by extreme restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, which leads to significantly low body weight.

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Purging disorder
D) Binge eating disorder

Question 19

Mild and short-term changes in eating patterns that occur in relation to a stressful event, an illness, or a desire to modify one's diet for a variety of health and personal appearance reasons are classified as

A) disordered eating.
B) eating disorders.

Question 20

A 16-year-old girl who severely restricts her food intake because she is fearful of becoming obese, even though her BMI is less than expected for her age, may be diagnosed with

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) female athlete triad.
D) orthorexia.

Question 21

Which of the following are potential effects of refeeding during the initial treatment of anorexia nervosa?

A) Feelings of fullness and abdominal bloating
B) Increased body temperature
C) Dangerous changes in electrolyte balance in the blood
D) All of these are potential effects of refeeding.

Question 22

Which characteristic is more indicative of bulimia than anorexia nervosa?

A) Rigid, disciplined dieting
B) Feeling a sense of power because of strict discipline and self-denial
C) Fluctuating weight
D) Lack of menstruation

Question 23

Which of the following is a useful approach in psychological therapy for a person with anorexia nervosa?

A) Family-based therapy
B) Joining a support group
C) Cognitive behavioral therapy
D) All of these are useful approaches in psychological therapy for anorexia nervosa.

Question 24

A disorder characterized by extreme weight loss, distorted body image, and an extreme fear of obesity and weight gain is

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) binge eating disorder.
D) night eating syndrome.

Question 25

The slower basal metabolic rate that accompanies starvation among people with anorexia nervosa is caused by

A) decreased thyroid hormone synthesis.
B) decreased insulin sensitivity.
C) low levels of physical activity.
D) increased growth hormone synthesis.

Question 26

Downy hair that grows on the body to protect against heat loss is called

A) lanugo.
B) alopecia.
C) hypothyroidism.
D) amenorrhea.

Question 27

Which of the following is a goal for a person with anorexia nervosa?

A) Restore BMI to 25 or higher
B) Gain enough weight to raise the metabolic rate to normal
C) Stick to a regimented dietary plan
D) Maintain a high level of physical activity

Question 28

Cessation of menstruation is most common among women with

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) binge eating disorder.
D) night eating syndrome.

Question 29

Which of the following statements describes a person with bulimia nervosa?

A) Engages in binge eating
B) Has obvious physical and mental symptoms
C) Tends to be very thin and emaciated
D) Usually male

Question 30

Which of the following is among the criteria for diagnosing bulimia nervosa?

A) Repeated use of unsafe means to prevent weight gain (e.g., self-induced vomiting)
B) Restriction of energy intake that leads to significantly low body weight
C) Binge-compensate cycles that occur at least one time per week for one month or longer
D) Waking at least once during the night with a need to eat to be able to fall asleep again

Question 31

Low blood levels of ________ can lead to disturbances in heart rhythm, a leading cause of death among people with eating disorders.

A) potassium
B) sodium
C) chloride
D) glucose

Question 32

A disorder in which frequent bingeing is followed by compensatory behaviors to rid the body of excess calories is called

A) hypoglycemia.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) compulsive overeating.

Question 33

Individuals with ________ may present with clinical signs of semistarvation, such as decreased metabolic rate.

A) anorexia nervosa
B) bulimia nervosa
C) binge eating disorder
D) night eating syndrome

Question 34

One of the best ways to get a person with anorexia nervosa into treatment is to

A) threaten them.
B) deny the disorder.
C) keep offering them food.
D) stage an intervention.

Question 35

Nutritional therapy for people with anorexia nervosa aims to slowly increase body weight to achieve a BMI of at least

A) 15 kg/m².
B) 20 kg/m².
C) 25 kg/m².
D) 30 kg/m².

Question 36

The best long-term success in anorexia nervosa treatment has been with

A) hospitalization and feeding via a tube.
B) a multidisciplinary team approach with health care providers.
C) scare tactics.
D) outpatient treatment.

Question 37

The low blood potassium levels seen among people with eating disorders may cause

A) lack of appetite.
B) high blood pressure.
C) heart rhythm disturbances.
D) swelling of the salivary glands.

Question 38

The most important predictor of an eating disorder is

A) extreme dieting.
B) a history of sexual abuse.
C) binge drinking.
D) perfectionism.

Question 39

The hormonal changes associated with cessation of menstruation increase the risk of ________ among women with eating disorders.

A) osteoporosis
B) hyperglycemia
C) hypertension
D) anemia

Question 40

Coping with stress by not eating is the typical pattern of

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) binge eating disorder.
D) night eating syndrome.

Question 41

Successful treatment for bulimia nervosa usually lasts at least

A) 4 weeks.
B) 8 weeks.
C) 16 weeks.
D) 32 weeks.

Question 42

A(n) ________ often consists of high-carbohydrate, convenience foods and may be triggered by stress, boredom, loneliness, or depression.

A) binge
B) purge
C) compensatory behavior
D) enema

Question 43

For a person who engages in binge eating, typical binge foods include

A) high-protein foods, such as tuna, chicken, and steak.
B) a wide variety of fruits and vegetables.
C) cakes, cookies, doughnuts, and ice cream.
D) sugar-free items, such as artificially sweetened gelatin, candy, and soft drinks.

Question 44

Coping with stress by eating is a characteristic of

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) female athlete triad.
D) orthorexia.

Question 45

Which of the following is a useful approach in the nutritional therapy of a person with bulimia nervosa?

A) Alternate-day fasting
B) Keeping a daily food diary
C) Eating alone
D) Providing strict food rules to control eating

Question 46

Understanding the abnormality of their behavior is more common among people with

A) bulimia nervosa.
B) anorexia nervosa.

Question 47

Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

A) Individuals diagnosed with anorexia nervosa may exhibit behaviors of bulimia nervosa.
B) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are two distinct conditions that do not overlap.
C) Anorexia nervosa is essentially a very severe case of bulimia nervosa.
D) People with anorexia nervosa fear becoming fat, whereas people with bulimia nervosa are not concerned with body weight.

Question 48

Many of the health problems associated with bulimia (e.g., tooth decay, stomach ulcers, and esophageal tears) arise as a result of

A) vomiting to purge excess calories.
B) low blood calcium levels.
C) low blood potassium levels.
D) laxative abuse.

Question 49

Which of the following is true about purging behaviors related to bulimia?

A) There are no medical risks to purging.
B) After many months of purging, it gets more difficult to purge.
C) After vomiting, many calories from the food eaten are still absorbed.
D) Few kilocalories are absorbed when laxatives are used as a purging technique.

Question 50

Which of the following is not an example of a compensatory behavior used by people with eating disorders?

A) Bingeing on high-energy snack foods
B) Self-induced vomiting
C) Excessive exercise
D) Misuse of laxatives

Question 51

The typical characteristics for binge eating disorder include binge-eating episodes

A) that are not accompanied by compensatory behaviors.
B) that do not cause distress or shame.
C) at holidays or during social occasions.
D) that occur at least once per month for three months in a row.

Question 52

A difference between anorexia and bulimia is that

A) anorexics turn away from food during a crisis, whereas bulimics turn toward food.
B) bulimics exhibit denial of the disorder, whereas anorexics know their behavior is abnormal.
C) anorexia is more common among women, whereas bulimia is more common among men.
D) bulimics tend to be methodical, whereas anorexics tend to be impulsive.

Question 53

A disorder characterized by frequent, secretive bingeing, often followed by purging, is

A) bulimia nervosa.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) binge eating disorder.
D) female athlete triad.

Question 54

The only drug approved by FDA for treatment of bulimia nervosa is

A) fluoxetine (Prozac^®).
B) duloxetine (Cymbalta^®).
C) topiramate (Topamax^®).
D) lorcaserin (Belviq^®).

Question 55

For one to be diagnosed as bulimic, he or she must average ________ binge(s) per week for at least three months.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 56

Which of the following is true about the bingeing behavior of a person with bulimia nervosa?

A) Violation of rigid food rules can initiate a binge.
B) Binges most often occur during the morning.
C) Binges usually last 15 to 30 minutes.
D) Accomplishing a personal goal usually initiates a binge.

Question 57

Negative health effects of frequent, self-induced vomiting include

A) tooth damage.
B) increased abdominal fat.
C) cirrhosis.
D) All of these are negative effects of self-induced vomiting.

Question 58

Which of the following is not true about bulimia?

A) Typically, the disordered behaviors are done in secret.
B) An abnormally large quantity of food is consumed within a short time period.
C) It most commonly occurs in adolescent and college-age individuals.
D) Body weight is often below 85% of normal weight.

Question 59

Food diaries and a regular meal plan are commonly part of the treatment for

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) female athlete triad.
D) night eating syndrome.

Question 60

Which of the following traits is common among people with bulimia nervosa?

A) Sexual modesty
B) Perfectionism
C) Rigidity
D) Impulsiveness

Question 61

Individuals who perceive themselves as being too thin and who engage in disordered eating behaviors to achieve weight gain may have

A) muscle dysmorphia.
B) orthorexia.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) reverse bulimia.

Question 62

________ is the term used to describe a condition in which the desire to consume healthy foods becomes an obsession and begins to interfere with daily living.

A) Orthorexia
B) Diabulimia
C) Reverse anorexia
D) Atypical anorexia nervosa

Question 63

Which of the following is the best treatment approach for binge eating disorder?

A) A diet that lists foods to be eaten and others to be avoided.
B) A structured eating plan that the person eats without regard to his or her hunger signals.
C) Encouraging a person to nurture others rather than focus on his or her own needs.
D) Teaching a person to eat in response to internal hunger cues.

Question 64

The first drug that has been approved by FDA for treatment of binge eating disorder is

A) fluoxetine (Prozac^®).
B) lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (Vyvanse®)
C) topiramate (Topamax^®).
D) lorcaserin (Belviq^®).

Question 65

A person who severely restricts food intake, has a distorted body image, fears weight gain, and has a BMI of 19 may be diagnosed with

A) atypical anorexia nervosa.
B) bulimia nervosa of low frequency.
C) bulimia nervosa of limited duration.
D) purging disorder of unknown etiology.

Question 66

Which of the following is not one of the three components of the female athlete triad?

A) Clinical depression
B) Low bone mineral density
C) Disordered eating behaviors
D) Lack of menstrual periods

Question 67

Adolescent girls with diabetes may engage in a pattern of disordered eating commonly called diabulimia. This involves

A) intentionally skipping insulin doses to avoid weight gain.
B) overdosing on insulin to induce weight loss.
C) severely restricting carbohydrate intake to avoid weight gain.
D) purging excess calories by self-induced vomiting.

Question 68

What is the name of the condition characterized by disordered eating, lack of menstrual periods, and osteoporosis?

A) Female anorexia
B) Female bulimia
C) Female athlete triad
D) Binge eating disorder

Question 69

If you suspect that a friend has an eating disorder, you should

A) encourage your friend to seek professional help.
B) provide your friend with a calorie-controlled diet plan.
C) ignore the behavior.
D) direct your friend to pro-Ana or pro-Mia websites.

Question 70

Studies have shown that behaviors of night eating syndrome are significantly improved with use of

A) antibiotics.
B) antidepressants.
C) sleeping pills.
D) amphetamines.

Question 71

Which of the following is a likely long-term consequence of binge eating disorder?

A) Type 2 diabetes
B) Osteoporosis
C) Enlarged salivary glands
D) Low blood potassium

Question 72

The practice of eating nonfood substances is called

A) pica.
B) purging disorder.
C) lanugo.
D) bingeing.

Question 73

Individuals who induce vomiting to rid the body of calories even in the absence of a binge may be diagnosed with

A) purging disorder.
B) binge eating disorder.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) anorexia nervosa.

Question 74

Which of the following is a sign or symptom of night eating syndrome?

A) For women, missing three or more menstrual periods in a row
B) Consuming more than 25% of daily food intake after dinner
C) Lack of appetite in the evening
D) Repeated use of unsafe methods to prevent weight gain (e.g., self-induced vomiting)

Question 75

Which of the following is not an appropriate measure to prevent eating disorders?

A) Discourage restrictive dieting and meal skipping.
B) Correct misconceptions about nutrition and healthy body weight.
C) Provide opportunities for fun and social physical activity in school and at home.
D) Encourage daily measurements of body weight.

Question 76

Which of the following behaviors is not typical among people with binge eating disorder?

A) Eating until uncomfortably full
B) Feelings of guilt or self-disgust
C) Eating alone
D) Use of laxatives to purge excess calories