Deck 5: Integumentary System

Question 1

Which statement about melanin is accurate?

A) Melanin darkens in response to sun exposure to shade skin cells.
B) Melanocytes surround skin cells and increase in number as exposure to the sun increases.
C) Melanin replaces the cytoplasm as skin cells die.
D) Melanin forms a cap over the nucleus.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which structure causes the hair to "stand on end"?

A) Arrector pili
B) Root
C) Follicle
D) Shaft

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which structure nourishes each hair?

A) Root
B) Follicle
C) Papilla
D) Arrector pili

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Eccrine glands

A) are located primarily on the face and head.
B) produce sweat.
C) lubricate the skin with sebum.
D) are located mainly in the groin and armpit.

Question 5

Clubbing of the nails is a sign of (a)

A) digestive disorder.
B) anemia.
C) lung disease.
D) melanoma.

Question 6

The hypodermis is

A) connective tissue that binds skin to underlying tissue.
B) epithelial tissue that protects the dermis from abrasion.
C) muscle tissue that supports the dermis.
D) nervous tissue that senses pain,temperature,and other sensations.

Question 7

Which statement best describes the life cycle of an epidermal cell?

A) New epithelial cells in both the stratum basale and stratum corneum push older cells up to the outer surface where they die and slough off.
B) New epithelial cells in the stratum basale keratinize and slough off.
C) New epithelial cells in the stratum corneum undergo mitosis approximately every 2 weeks to replace dead cells.
D) New epithelial cells in the stratum basale push older cells upward; as the cells move up layer by layer,they toughen and die.

Question 8

Approximately how much fluid does the body lose per day in insensible perspiration?

A) 250 mL
B) 500 mL
C) 650 mL
D) 750 mL

Question 9

Which function of the skin keeps bacteria from entering the body?

A) Sensory perception
B) Barrier
C) Protection
D) Filtration

Question 10

What are the primary components of the dermis?

A) Collagen along with reticular and elastic fibers
B) Dermal and epidermal cells
C) Stem cells,melanocytes,hair follicles,and papillae
D) Keratinocytes,melanocytes,hair follicles,and papillae

Question 11

Which statement about body odor is accurate?

A) Body odor is the natural smell of sweat from the apocrine glands.
B) Body odor results from the breakdown of foods in the body.
C) Sebum secreted by sebaceous glands contains chemicals that cause body odor.
D) Body odor results from bacteria acting on substances in sweat.

Question 12

Which skin layer contains nerve endings,hair follicles,sebaceous glands,and sweat glands?

A) Dermis
B) Epidermis
C) Hypodermis
D) Endodermis

Question 13

What is the purpose of melanin?

A) To protect underlying tissues from sun exposure
B) To protect the DNA in skin cells from sun exposure
C) To toughen skin cells after sun exposure
D) To provide nutrients to skin cells dried out from sun exposure

Question 14

What skin change associated with aging affects the maintenance of body temperature during hot weather?

A) Slowed skin cell production
B) Decline in number and output of sweat glands
C) Localized proliferation of melanocytes
D) Decreased amount of collagen and elastin

Question 15

Which statement best explains why the stratum corneum resists abrasions?

A) The cells are dead.
B) It consists of multiple layers.
C) It does not have a blood supply.
D) It contains melanin.

Question 16

Which skin layer receives oxygen and nutrients by diffusion from the skin layer beneath it?

A) Dermis
B) Epidermis
C) Hypodermis
D) Cutaneous membrane

Question 17

What tough,fibrous protein is found in dead cells of the hair,nails,and outer layer of skin?

A) Pheomelanin
B) Fibrin
C) Collagen
D) Keratin

Question 18

How does the skin help regulate body temperature?

A) Nerves in the dermis cause blood vessels to dilate or constrict to regulate heat loss.
B) Epidermal tissue prevents excess loss or absorption of water,which helps keep body temperature stable.
C) The dermis expands or contracts to conserve or expel heat.
D) Epidermal blood vessels sense the skin temperature and constrict to conserve heat.

Question 19

What causes albinism?

A) Impaired liver function
B) Lack of oxygen
C) Hormone deficiency
D) A genetic lack of melanin

Question 20

New skin cells are produced in the

A) stratum basale.
B) cutaneous membrane.
C) stratum corneum.
D) dermis.

Question 21

A burn that involves only the epidermis is classified as

A) first degree.
B) second degree.
C) third degree.
D) fourth degree.

Question 22

The stratum basale produces new skin cells that migrate to the stratum corneum to replace skin cells that have sloughed off.

Question 23

All skin cells in the epidermis are dead.

Question 24

Apocrine glands contain a duct that leads to a hair follicle.

Question 25

Why are some full-thickness burns not painful initially?

A) Full-thickness burns involve the entire epidermal layer,where there are no nerve endings.
B) Full-thickness burns usually occur slowly; therefore,the person generally does not experience pain until after the injury is complete.
C) Full-thickness burns extend through the muscle to the bone,where there are no nerve endings; pain occurs only as the burn starts to heal.
D) Full-thickness burns destroy nerve endings in the dermis,which prevents sensory input from reaching the brain.

Question 26

Because the skin acts as a barrier,medications are not readily absorbed.

Question 27

Which glands have the most important role in maintaining constant core temperature?

A) Apocrine glands
B) Ceruminous glands
C) Eccrine glands
D) Sebaceous glands

Question 28

A young woman sustains second- and third-degree burns on the front of both legs from the thigh to the ankle and second-degree burns on her right arm.Using the Rule of Nines,what percentage of her body has been burned?

A) 18 percent
B) 22.5 percent
C) 27 percent
D) 33 percent